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Showing 21801 - 21850LAT Inhibition May Be a New Therapeutic Option for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
L-type amino acid transporters (LAT) uptake neutral amino acids including L-leucine into cells, stimulating mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and protein synthesis. LAT1 and LAT3 are overexpressed at different stages of prostate cancer and are involved in increasing nutrients and stimulating cell...
Similar High Complete Response Rate With Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, and Combined Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial (NSABP B-41) performed to assess the potential benefit of neoadjuvant dual HER2 blockade in HER2-positive breast cancer, André Robidoux, MD, of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal and colleagues in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and...
Women With Lower Pretreatment Estrogen Levels at Greater Risk of Breast Cancer During Estrogen-Plus-Progestin Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ghada N. Farhat, PhD, of University of Balamand in Beirut, and colleagues found that women with lower pretreatment endogenous estrogen levels are at greatest risk of breast cancer during estrogen-plus-progestin therapy. Study...
PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score Provides Strongest Prognostic Information for Risk Beyond 5 Years in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Adjuvant endocrine therapy beyond 5 years reduces recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. Recent studies from the transATAC cohort have shown that immunohistochemical markers (IHC4), Oncotype DX recurrence score, and PAM50 risk of recurrence score are associated...
Program Chairs Highlight Abstracts of Interest for the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
The Program Chairs of the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, which will be held December 10–14, 2013, have highlighted what they consider to be the most important abstracts to be presented at the Symposium. In a telebriefing in advance of the December meeting, C. Kent...
Patients With Poor Nutritional Status Before Radical Cystectomy Have a Higher Risk of Postoperative Complications
Patients with bladder cancer are two times more likely to have complications after a radical cystectomy procedure if they have a biomarker for poor nutritional status before the operation, according to study findings presented at the 2013 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons....
Researchers Identify Potential New Drug for Inherited Cancer
Scientists from The Scripps Research Institute have identified a new drug candidate for an inherited form of cancer with no known cure. The new study showed the drug candidate—known as FRAX97—slowed the proliferation and progression of tumor cells in animal models of neurofibromatosis...
PIK3CA Mutation Predictive of Relapse-Free Survival Benefit of Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer
Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin have been shown to be protective against colorectal cancer and are associated with reduced disease recurrence and improved outcome, they are also associated with toxicities that limit their use in therapy. Recent data suggest that the...
Better Leukemia-Free and Overall Survival in AML in First Remission With Cyclophosphamide Plus Busulfan vs Total-Body Irradiation
Myeloablative conditioning with cyclophosphamide combined with intravenous busulfan (Busulfex) was associated with better leukemia-free and overall survival than conditioning with cyclosphosphamide and total-body irradiation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were in first complete...
Patients With Melanoma Do Not Maintain Cautious Behavior About Limiting Exposure to UV Radiation From the Sun
Patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma “do not maintain the cautious sun behavior they exhibit just after … diagnosis,” even though they are at increased risk for developing a second primary melanoma, data from a Danish study suggested. Based on measurements...
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists Issue Updated Guideline on HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) today issued a joint, updated guideline to improve the accuracy and reporting of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in patients with invasive breast cancer. The six-recommendation guideline is based on a systematic review of...
Intervention Program Improves Sun Protection Practices Among Children of Melanoma Survivors
Children of melanoma survivors were more likely to wear hats and reapply sunscreen after receiving a multimedia informational program designed specifically for them. These new findings were included in research published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A team of researchers...
Older Cancer Survivors in Rural Areas Forgo Health Care Due to Cost
Rural cancer survivors aged 65 or older were 66% more likely to forgo routine follow-up health care and 54% more likely to forgo dental care because of cost, compared with their urban counterparts, according to a study by Nynikka Palmer, DrPH, MPH, Post-doctoral Fellow in the Department of Social...
Ramucirumab Prolongs Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer
An investigational targeted drug that reduces blood flow to tumors prolonged the survival of patients with advanced stomach cancer after standard treatments failed, according to results of large multicenter clinical trial reported by Charles S. Fuchs, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
Long-Term Follow-up Indicates Increased Telomere Length With Lifestyle Change in Men With Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Short telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with aging and such age-related diseases as cancer, stroke, vascular dementia, cardiovascular disease, obesity, osteoporosis, and diabetes. Telomere attrition is considered a potential mechanism in triggering the chromosomal...
Flow Cytometric Minimal Residual Disease Highly Prognostic in AML Patients Aged Under 60
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Monique Terwijn, PhD, of the VU University Medical Centre in Amsterdam, and colleagues assessed the prognostic performance of flow cytometric minimal residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged < 60 years. They...
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Not at Greater Risk of Earlier Natural Menopause
Some data suggest that BRCA1 mutations are associated with occult primary ovarian insufficiency and that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have earlier natural menopause than noncarrier relatives. A study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ian M. Collins, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer...
Increased Physical Activity and Walking Reduces Breast Cancer Risk
A large epidemiology study of postmenopausal women by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS) has found that women who participated in at least 1 hour of vigorous physical activity every day had a 25% lower risk of breast cancer, and those who walked for at least 7 hours per week had a 14% ...
Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer Exhibit Vascular Endothelial Damage
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cornelia A.J. Brouwer, of the University Medical Center Groningen in the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed vascular parameters in long-term childhood cancer survivors and sibling controls. They found that survivors who had received...
Lactation May Be Linked to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mexican Women
Scientific data suggest that a woman reduces her risk of breast cancer by breastfeeding, having multiple children, and giving birth at a younger age. However, a study led by the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, indicates that women of Mexican descent may not fit that profile. ...
Breast Cancer Rates Are Rising Among African American Women
Although, historically, white women aged 40 years and older have had the highest incidence rates of breast cancer, the rising rate of breast cancer among African American women—especially among women aged 50 to 59—is narrowing the gap, according to a study by American Cancer Society...
ASCO Releases Statement on the Impact of the Government Shutdown on Cancer Care
All nonessential government services were suspended at midnight after Congress failed to reach a budget compromise to keep the government funded before the start of the new fiscal year beginning on October 1, 2013. ASCO issued a statement today in response to the government shutdown and will be...
Treatment With Losartan May Improve Delivery of Chemotherapy Drugs in Tumors
Use of existing, well-established hypertension drugs could improve the outcome of cancer chemotherapy by opening up collapsed blood vessels in solid tumors. In a report published in Nature Communications, investigators from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) described how the angiotensin...
Long-Term Results of UK START Trials Support Hypofractionated Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Invasive Early Breast Cancer
The 5-year results of the UK Standardisation of Breast Radiotherapy (START) trials suggested that lower total doses of radiotherapy delivered in fewer, larger doses were at least as safe and effective as the historical standard regimen of 50 Gy in 25 fractions as adjuvant therapy for early breast...
ECC 2013: Strong Showing for Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine in Heavily Pretreated Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Results of the phase III TH3RESA trial show that the antibody-conjugate ado-trastuzumab (Kadcyla, previously known as T-DM1) extends progression-free survival in women with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer that progressed on two or more previous HER2-directed therapies including trastuzumab...
ECC 2013: TP53 Status Predicts Benefit From Neoadjuvant Cetuximab in Rectal Cancer
In a retrospective analysis of the randomized phase II EXPERT-C trial presented at the European Cancer Congress 2013 (Abstract LBA7), TP53 emerged as a strong, independent predictive biomarker for the benefit of cetuximab (Erbitux) in high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer, according to...
ECC 2013: PI3KCA-Mutant Tumors Not Likely to Respond to Neoadjuvant HER2 Blockade
In patients with early breast cancer receiving anti-HER2 therapy in the NeoALTTO trial, mutations in PIK3CA were associated with lower rates of pathologic complete response, Jose Baselga, MD, reported at the European Cancer Congress 2013 (Abstract 1859) in Amsterdam. In patients treated with the...
ECC 2013: Novel Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Achieves Durable Responses in Phase I Study of Patients With Metastatic NSCLC, Smokers Included
For the first time, an immunotherapy shows promise in smokers with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The engineered monoclonal antibody MPDL3280A achieved encouraging and durable responses in a phase I study in metastatic NSCLC in smokers and nonsmokers, and with squamous and adenocarcinoma ...
Men With Advanced Prostate Cancer Worry More About Burdening Family and Friends Than Dying, Survey Finds
Men with advanced prostate cancer are now living longer than ever, and it is estimated that one in six U.S. men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. However, little research has been conducted to understand the psychosocial needs of these men and their caregivers after...
ECC 2013: Continuous Combined Hormone Replacement Therapy Protects Against Endometrial Cancer
According to an analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative, continuous combined use of estrogen plus progestin reduces the risk of endometrial cancer among postmenopausal women. The study was reported at the European Cancer Congress 2013 in Amsterdam (Abstract LBA13) by Rowan Chlebowski, MD,...
FDA Approves Neoadjuvant Pertuzumab for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to pertuzumab (Perjeta) in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and docetaxel for patients with early-stage breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting. Pertuzumab is the first FDA-approved drug for the neoadjuvant...
ECC 2013: Molecular Sequencing Identifies Drug Targets for Cancers of Unknown Primary Origin
Cancers of unknown primary origin pose a treatment dilemma for oncologists and a great deal of anxiety for patients and their families. A study reported at the European Cancer Congress 2013 in Amsterdam (Abstract LBA39) shows that molecular profiling can identify targetable mutations in up to 80%...
ECC 2013: Multiple Studies Validate Long-Term Survival Benefit of Ipilimumab in Melanoma
There is no longer any doubt that for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced melanoma, ipilimumab (Yervoy) conveys long-term survival benefits, according to studies presented at the European Cancer Congress 2013. In the largest survival analysis of the CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody to date...
Telomere Length May Be a Prognostic Marker for Prostate Cancer
Cancer cells are known to have short telomeres, but just how short they are from cancer cell to cancer cell may be a determining factor in a prostate cancer patient's prognosis, according to a study led by scientists at Johns Hopkins. "Doctors are looking for new ways to accurately predict...
Repurposed Antidepressants May Have Potential to Treat Small Cell Lung Cancer
A bioinformatics approach to repurposing drugs resulted in identification of a class of antidepressants as a potential new treatment for small cell lung cancer, according to a study published in Cancer Discovery. Based on data generated using bioinformatics, two drugs approved by the U.S. Food and ...
Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Associated With Superior Overall Cosmesis at 5 Years in Patients With Early Breast Cancer
Interim results of the Cambridge Breast Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy trial indicated that intensity-modulated radiotherapy was associated with significantly reduced skin telangiectasia compared with standard radiotherapy at 2 years in patients with early breast cancer. The trial included a...
Denosumab Increases Bone Metastasis-Free Survival According to PSA Doubling Time in Men With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a recently reported phase III trial, denosumab (Xgeva) significantly increased bone metastasis–free survival and delayed time to first bone metastasis but did not improve overall survival compared with placebo in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and baseline...
ASTRO: Protecting Hippocampus During Whole-Brain Radiation Substantially Reduces Rate of Memory Loss in Cancer Patients
Protecting the stem cells that reside in and around the hippocampus substantially reduces the rate of cancer patients' memory loss during whole-brain radiotherapy without a significant risk of recurrence in that area of the brain, a new study shows. Results of the phase II clinical trial of...
ASTRO: Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy May Preserve Quality of Life in Patients With Oropharyngeal Cancer
A new study from researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Proton Therapy Center found that the use of feeding tubes in patients with oropharyngeal cancer treated with intensity modulated proton therapy decreased by more than 50% compared to patients treated with intensity modulated...
Large Retrospective Study Finds Association Between Marriage and Cancer Outcomes
New results from a large retrospective study of the National Cancer Institute’s SEER database, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, show that patients with cancer who were married at the time of diagnosis live markedly longer compared to unmarried patients. Researchers also found...
Sunscreen Use Infrequently Discussed With Patients, Even Those With History of Skin Cancer
Although the incidence of skin cancer is increasing, “the rate at which physicians are mentioning sunscreen at patient visits is quite low, even for patients with a history of skin cancer,” according to an analysis of data from more than 18.30 billion patient visits....
Myeloma Foundation Launches Open Access Gateways to Accelerate Drug Development
The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) has announced two open access gateways, the MMRF Researcher Gateway, which will upload genomic data as it becomes available and make it accessible to all researchers, and the MMRF CoMMunity Gateway, which will aggregate subtypes of myeloma patients...
ASTRO: Younger Adults With a Limited Number of Brain Metastases Have Improved Overall Survival After Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
When treated with stereotactic radiosurgery that is not combined with whole-brain radiotherapy, adult brain cancer patients who were 50 years old and younger were found to have improved survival, according to research presented on Sunday, September 22, at the American Society for Radiation...
ASTRO: Proton Therapy Yields Encouraging Outcomes for Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients
When used to treat pediatric patients with intracranial malignant tumors, proton therapy may limit the toxicity of radiation therapy while preserving tumor control, according to research presented on Sunday, September 22, at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s 55th Annual Meeting...
USPSTF Issues Final Recommendation Statement on Medications for the Risk Reduction of Primary Breast Cancer in Women
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) released today its final recommendation statement on medications to reduce the risk of primary breast cancer in women. Clinicians are recommended to prescribe risk-reducing medications, such as tamoxifen or raloxifene, for women who are at increased...
Childhood Cancer Survivors Who Received Nephrotoxic Therapy May Be at Greater Risk for Late Renal Problems
A large study assessing glomerular function in adult survivors of childhood cancers who were treated with certain chemotherapy drugs or kidney surgery found that they had worse kidney function, which did not recover over time, compared with adult survivors who were not given nephrotoxic therapy....
NCCN: Practical Considerations in Selecting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Although imatinib (Gleevec) is the initial therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), several second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors are now approved for the treatment of this disease. Michael Millenson, MD, of Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, reviewed practical considerations in...
NCCN: PET-Guided Therapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma Moving Into Clinical Practice
Interim positron emission tomography (PET) scan is being used to guide risk-adapted therapy in patients with early-stage and advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma for clinical research at academic centers, and experts predict that this will become standard of care in clinical practice. At the NCCN 8th...
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Superior to Supportive-Expressive Therapy for Distressed Survivors of Breast Cancer
Mindfulness-based cancer recovery was shown in to be superior to supportive-expressive group therapy decreasing symptoms of stress and improving overall quality of life and social support among survivors of stage I to III breast cancer who were distressed, according to a study reported in Journal...
Pomalidomide Produces ‘Impressive Results’ in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Who Are Refractory to Bortezomib and Lenalidomide
The second-generation immunomodulatory drug pomalidomide (Pomalyst) “has shown impressive results in patients with multiple myeloma who are refractory to lenalidomide and bortezomib,” according to a review of clinical data leading to the drug’s approval by the U.S. Food and Drug...
