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Showing 21751 - 21800Many Patients Have Some Pain 12 Months After Breast Cancer Surgery
In a prospective study reported as a research letter in JAMA, Meretoja et al found that 50% of patients had mild pain and 16% moderate or severe pain at 12 months after surgery for breast cancer. Factors predictive of pain were chronic preoperative pain, preoperative pain in the area of surgery,...
High Prevalence of Platinum-Related Hearing Loss in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma, With Differences According to Audiometry Scales
The reported prevalence of platinum-associated ototoxicity in children with high-risk neuroblastoma varies widely due to small patient samples and use of disparate grading scales. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al in the Children’s Oncology Group assessed...
Maintenance Capecitabine/Bevacizumab Delays Disease Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Extends Survival in Subgroups
According to the final results of the phase III CAIRO3 trial by the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group, maintenance treatment with capecitabine plus bevacizumab (Avastin) significantly delayed progression compared to observation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, and in a subset of patients, ...
Adding Chemotherapy to Radiotherapy Does Not Appear to Affect Cognitive Function in Patients With Low-Grade Glioma
The addition of PCV (procarbazine [Matulane], lomustine [CeeNu], vincristine) chemotherapy to radiotherapy improves progression-free survival in patients with grade 2 glioma, but the potential effect of treatment intensification on cognitive function is a concern in this group of patients with good ...
MicroRNA Test Reduces False-Positive CT Screening Rate for Lung Cancer
Although recent data indicate that low-dose computed tomography (CT) reduces lung cancer mortality in high-risk patients, high false-positive rates, costs, and the potential for harm point out the need for biomarkers that can improve risk assessment. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical...
Irinotecan Drug-Eluting Beads Improve Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients With Liver Metastases
Irinotecan drug-eluting beads given simultaneously with FOLFOX (leucovorin, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin) and bevacizumab (Avastin) in patients with unresectable liver metastasis from colorectal cancer improved response rates, increased resectability and prolonged hepatic progression-free survival in...
Surgeon Experience Affects Likelihood of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Older Women With Breast Cancer
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is standard of care for axillary staging in clinically node-negative breast cancer, and underuse of sentinel lymph node biopsy could be associated with unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection and lymphedema. In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Yen et al assessed the...
Cetuximab Fails to Improve Survival in Nonoperable Esophageal Cancer
More data have emerged that discount the potential for benefit with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in esophageal cancer. The latest comes from the RTOG 0436 randomized phase III trial in patients with nonoperable esophageal cancer, the results of which were presented at the 2014 ...
Both Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and, More So, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Improve Insomnia in Cancer Patients
In a noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Garland et al compared the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive-behavioral therapy for treatment of insomnia in patients with cancer. They found that both techniques improved insomnia, with...
Study Questions the Anticancer Mechanism of Metformin
The drug metformin, which is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been tested in clinical trials as a tumor suppressor in different cancers due to its role in activating the AMPK signaling pathway. However, a new study by Liu et al published in Proceedings of the National Academy of...
Ramucirumab Combination Improves Overall Survival After First Progression in Patients With Metastatic Gastric Cancer
In the global phase III RAINBOW trial of patients with metastatic gastric cancer, the investigational monoclonal antibody ramucirumab significantly improved both progression-free and overall survival when given as second-line therapy, investigators reported at a press briefing in advance of the...
High Presurgical Levels of Angiogenic and Growth Factors Are Associated With Poorer Survival After Gastric Resection
In patients undergoing gastric resection for gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancers, high levels of angiogenic and growth factors are associated with poorer overall survival, according to the results of a retrospective study presented by Park et al in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Thus, these ...
Multiple Myeloma Study Shows Widespread Genetic Heterogeneity
A detailed study of tissue samples from more than 200 patients with multiple myeloma has found that an individual patient’s tumor can harbor populations of cancer cells equipped with different mutations. The result could have therapeutic ramifications for future patients, according to study...
RAS Status Predicts Response to Second-Line Treatment With Panitumumab for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
New data from a phase III clinical trial shows that patients with metastatic colorectal cancer tumors that contain RAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2 are unlikely to benefit from the addition of panitumumab (Vectibix) to second-line FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan) chemotherapy....
Preoperative Oral Capecitabine Chemotherapy Is Equivalent to Infusional 5-FU for Rectal Cancer
New findings from a four-arm phase III clinical trial in patients with stage II or stage III rectal cancer indicate that combining preoperative radiation with either capecitabine or fluorouracil (5-FU) results in equivalent outcomes. This study provides strong clinical evidence that using either...
No Increased Risk of Local Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Single-Center Study
Triple-negative breast cancer may be considered a relative contraindication to breast-conserving surgery. In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Gangi et al from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles assessed outcomes in a large cohort of women undergoing breast-conserving surgery at their...
Superior Progression-Free Survival With Obinutuzumab/Chlorambucil vs Rituximab/Chlorambucil in Previously Untreated CLL With Coexisting Conditions
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva) is a glycoengineered type 2 anti-CD20 antibody that appears to exhibit increased activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL), with increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and reduced complement-dependent cytotoxicity, compared with rituximab (Rituxan). ...
Known Lung Cancer Oncogenes ALK and ROS1 May Also Drive Certain Colorectal Tumors
ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements, which are known to drive subsets of lung cancer, appear to be present in some colorectal cancers as well, according to the results of a study published in Molecular Cancer Research. The findings by Aisner et al suggest that therapies used to target these two...
Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine Provides Poorer Protection in Women 18 and Older or With Abnormal Cytology
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mahmud et al evaluated the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical dysplasia using population-based individual level data routinely collected in Manitoba. They found that a high proportion of...
Short-Term Follow-up Reveals Suboptimal Pain Relief and Marked Pain Worsening in Ambulatory Cancer Patients
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhao et al assessed factors associated with pain severity changes in ambulatory patients with solid tumors in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group E2Z02 (Symptom Outcomes and Practice Patterns) trial. They found that approximately...
Nurse- and Gastroenterologist-Led Algorithm-Based Management Improve GI Symptoms After Pelvic Radiotherapy
In the ORBIT trial, reported in The Lancet, Andreyev et al compared outcomes with usual care, gastroenterologist-led algorithm-based management, and nurse-led algorithm-based management for patients with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms following pelvic radiotherapy for cancer. The findings...
Meta-Analysis Indicates No Reduction in Risk of Local or Distant Breast Cancer Recurrence With Preoperative Staging MRI
In an individual patient data meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Houssami et al found that preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was not associated with differences in local recurrence or distant recurrence compared with conventional imaging in women with breast...
Chemotherapy Drug Shortages Threaten Quality of Treatment
Over the past several years, there have been recurring shortages of widely used generic chemotherapy agents in the United States. In a letter to The New England Journal of Medicine, Gogineni et al described a survey of U.S. oncologists regarding types and frequency of chemotherapy shortages and...
Web-Based Self-Care Support and Communication Coaching Program Reduces Symptom Distress in Cancer Patients
In the ESRA-CII trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Berry et al, patient use of a Web-based self-care program featuring tailored education and communication coaching resulted in significantly reduced symptom distress compared with symptom/quality-of-life tracking alone in patients ...
FDA Approves Combination Therapy for Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma With BRAF V600E/K Mutations
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved trametinib (Mekinist) for use in combination with dabrafenib (Tafinlar) for the treatment of patients with unresectable melanoma or metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations. These mutations must be detected by an FDA-approved...
No Benefit of Adding Tirapazamine to Cisplatin Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
In a phase III intergroup trial (Gynecologic Oncology Group Protocol 219) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, DiSilvestro et al in the Gynecologic Oncology Group and National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group evaluated the addition of the hypoxic cell sensitizer...
No Survival Benefit of Erlotinib in EGFR-Unselected Patients With Nonprogressing Ovarian Cancer After Platinum Therapy
EGFR is overexpressed in the majority of advanced epithelial ovarian carcinomas, and there is evidence indicating that overexpression is associated with poorer prognosis. In a phase III European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-Gynaecological Cancer Group and Gynecologic...
Preclinical Study Suggests E-Cigarettes May Contribute to Lung Cancer in High-Risk Individuals
A study of human bronchial epithelial cells carrying mutations in the TP53 and KRAS genes has found that e-cigarette vapors enhanced the cells’ cancerous behaviors. The study suggests that e-cigarette exposure may contribute to lung cancer in individuals at high risk for the disease. The...
Matched-Pairs Analysis Shows Better Survival With Allogeneic Transplantation vs Conventional Chemotherapy in Postremission Therapy for AML
In a prospective matched-pairs analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stelljes et al in the German AML Cooperative Group compared outcomes with allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs conventional postremission chemotherapy in patients aged < 60 years with acute myeloid leukemia...
Single Fractions of Radiation for Painful Bone Metastases May Be Noninferior to Multiple Fractions
Optimal dose fractionation for radiation therapy of painful bone metastases from multiple primary sites remains undefined. In a phase III noninferiority trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chow et al compared 8 Gy in a single fraction vs 20 Gy in multiple fractions in patients with painful bone...
Recurrent Ovarian Cancers Respond to Cancer Vaccine After ‘Reprogramming’ With Decitabine
Treatment with the drug decitabine prior to administration of chemotherapy and a cancer vaccine yielded clinical benefit for women with recurrent ovarian cancer, suggesting that this combinatorial chemoimmunotherapy may provide a new treatment option for patients with the disease, according to a...
Phase II Pilot Study Does Not Support Phase III Investigation of IV High-Dose Interferon Without Maintenance in Resected Melanoma
There is evidence that high-dose interferon alfa-2b consisting of 4 weeks of daily intravenous interferon alfa-2b followed by 48 weeks of subcutaneous maintenance interferon alfa-2b three times per week reduces risk of recurrence of resected melanoma and that response may depend on the early...
Study Evaluates Risk of Depression by Race and Sex Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Traeger et al evaluated risk of depression symptoms and psychosocial service use by race and sex among patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. The investigators found that black men have the highest prevalence of depressive symptoms, white ...
No Difference for Aprepitant vs Dexamethasone for Chemotherapy-Induced Delayed Emesis in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a phase III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Roila et al compared aprepitant vs dexamethasone in prevention of delayed emesis in breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline/cyclophosphamide who had received palonosetron/aprepitant/dexamethasone prophylaxis for acute...
Oral Insulin Sensitizers Associated With Decreased Cancer Risk in Women With Type 2 Diabetes
According to the findings of a meta-analysis by Sun et al published in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are on certain therapies, such as insulin secretagogues, may be at higher risk for cancer. This increased risk was seen more frequently in women, and...
‘Faster and Deeper Responses’ With Dasatinib vs Imatinib in Chronic-Phase CML Patients
Dasatinib (Sprycel) resulted in “faster and deeper responses” compared to imatinib (Gleevec) among patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), according to a 3-year follow-up of the randomized phase III DASISION (Dasatinib vs Imatinib Safety In...
Imiquimod 5% Cream Inferior to Surgical Excision in Nodular and Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
In a noninferiority trial (SINS) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bath-Hextall et al compared imiquimod 5% cream vs surgical excision for nodular and superficial basal cell carcinomas. Imiquimod cream was found to be inferior to surgical excision, but it may have a role in treatment of low-risk...
Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel Before Anthracycline Improves Response in High-Risk Early Breast Cancer
In a phase III 2×2 factorial trial (Neo-tAnGo) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Earl et al compared neoadjuvant therapy with epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel with or without gemcitabine vs paclitaxel with or without gemcitabine followed by epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in ...
Wider Surgical Margins Do Not Appear To Reduce Local Recurrence Rates in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Wider surgical margins did not reduce the rate of local recurrence in women with triple-negative breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy, according to the results of a study published in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Pilewskie et al reported that their data support the definition of ...
Science Magazine Names Cancer Immunotherapy as Scientific Breakthrough of the Year
While acknowledging that the full potential of cancer immunotherapy remains unclear, the editors of the journal Science said that the approach of using the immune system to attack tumors marks a turning point in the treatment of cancer. The successes of cancer immunotherapy in clinical trials in...
Oral Ibandronic Acid Is Not Noninferior to IV Zoledronic Acid in Preventing Skeletal-Related Events in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a phase III noninferiority trial (ZICE) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Barrett-Lee et al compared oral ibandronic acid vs intravenous zoledronic acid in treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer. The study showed that ibandronic acid was not noninferior to zoledronic acid in preventing...
Sustained Complete Responses With Novel Immunotherapy in Lymphoma
Approximately 40% of patients with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma have tumor cells that express the type II latency Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2. T cells specific for these antigens are present in low levels and may be rendered nonreactive by the...
Low-Dose CT Screening May Result in Overdiagnosis of Lung Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Patz et al of the NLST Overdiagnosis Manuscript Writing Team estimated the magnitude of overdiagnosis using low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). They estimated that more than 18% of...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pidilizumab Plus Rituximab Shows High Activity in Relapsed Follicular Lymphoma
Antitumor immune responses may be inhibited by immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment including effects of PD-1 (programmed cell death 1), a co-inhibitory receptor on tumor T cells that impairs T-cell function. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Westin et al assessed the ...
EUROCARE-5 Shows Increased Cancer Survival and Persisting Regional Disparities
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by De Angelis et al, the population-based EUROCARE-5 study has shown improved cancer survival over time in all European regions, although regional disparities remain. Study Details In this retrospective observational study, data from 107 cancer registries...
U.S. Cancer Death Rates Continue Decline, Annual Report Shows
Maintaining a 2 decade–long trend, the cancer death rate in the United States continues to decline, according to the Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, published online this week in Cancer. The report, which covers the years 2001 to 2010, shows drops in death rates for a...
Younger Women With Younger Children Less Likely to Receive Radiation Therapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Pan et al assessed factors associated with noncompliance with recommended radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer. A primary factor in underuse of radiation therapy was younger patients having...
No Overall Survival Benefit With Addition of Sunitinib to Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Michaelson et al assessed the addition of the antiangiogenesis agent sunitinib (Sutent) to prednisone in patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after docetaxel-based chemotherapy. No...
Low hENT1 Is Associated With Poorer Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Gemcitabine
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Greenhalf et al analyzed the association between human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) levels and survival in patients with pancreas cancer receiving adjuvant gemcitabine or fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin after ...
Suboptimal Adverse Event Reporting in Cancer Clinical Trial Publications
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sivendran et al assessed the degree to which publication of phase III trials in oncology conformed with CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) recommendations for reporting adverse events. They found that adverse event...
