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Showing 21101 - 21150Protein Linked With HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer May Lead to More Effective Therapies for the Disease
Scientists investigating the molecular mechanism of the protein p16 in cisplatin-treated head and neck cancer cells have found that the drug is able to kill the malignant cells by interacting with the protein gigaxonin. Although p16 is commonly produced in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive...
Rewiring Cell Metabolism Slows Colorectal Cancer Growth
Cancer is an unwanted experiment in progress. As the disease advances, tumor cells accumulate mutations, eventually arriving at ones that give them the insidious power to grow uncontrollably and spread. Distinguishing drivers of cancer from benign mutations open opportunities for developing...
Registry Data Reveals Sustained Local Control With Minimal Side Effects for Medically Inoperable, Early-Stage Lung Cancer Patients Receiving SBRT
Analysis of data from an institutional patient registry on stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) indicates excellent long-term, local control in 79% of tumors for medically inoperable, early-stage lung cancer patients treated with the procedure from 2003 to 2012, according to research presented at...
Cancer Leaders Call for Congress to Act Quickly in 2015 to Reinvigorate Cancer Innovation in the United States
Even before the next Congress is formally elected, a national group of health-care stakeholders called the Cancer Innovation Coalition (CIC) went to Capitol Hill today to call for early legislative and regulatory action in 2015 that will reinvigorate cancer innovation in the United States. The...
Predictive Ability of CT Screen-Detected Nodule Volume, Diameter, and Volume-Doubling for Lung Cancer in NELSON Trial
The Dutch and Belgian NELSON trial is assessing the effect of increasing interval low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer on lung cancer mortality. In an analysis among screened Dutch participants reported in Lancet Oncology, Horeweg and colleagues identified screen-detected...
Performance of Lung Cancer Low-Dose CT Screening With Increasing Screening Interval in NELSON Trial
The Dutch and Belgian NELSON trial is assessing the effect of increasing interval low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer on lung cancer mortality. In an analysis of screening test performance among Dutch participants reported in Lancet Oncology, Horeweg and colleagues found...
Molecular Tumor Markers Could Reveal New Therapeutic Targets for Lung Cancer Treatment
Analysis of 607 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors and neuroendocrine tumors identified common molecular markers among both groups that could reveal new therapeutic targets for patients with similar types of lung cancer, according to research presented at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary...
No Difference in Survival Rates in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma In Situ vs Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma
Lung cancer patients with minimally invasive adenocarcinoma have similar, positive 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates as patients with adenocarcinoma in situ, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology (Abstract...
Medicare Costs Analysis Indicates Need for Decreasing Use of Biopsies as Diagnosis Tool for Lung Cancer
Biopsies were found to be the most costly tool prescribed in lung cancer diagnosis, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology (Abstract 103). The study examined the utilization rates and estimated the Medicare costs of the lung...
Patients at High-Risk for Lung Cancer Are More Likely to Receive Screening When Primary Care Provider Is Familiar With Guideline Recommendations
Patients at high-risk for developing lung cancer are more likely to receive low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening when their primary care provider is familiar with guideline recommendations for low-dose CT screening for lung cancer, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago...
Oncology Advances Included in Cleveland Clinic's Top 10 Medical Innovations List for 2015
Antibody-drug conjugates, checkpoint inhibitors, and single-dose intraoperative radiation therapy for breast cancer were included in the Cleveland Clinic's Ninth Annual Top 10 Medical Innovations List released earlier today. The list identifies those advances likely to have a major impact on...
Higher Levels of Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase Hypermethylation May Correlate With Earlier Stage of Colorectal Cancer
Compared with normal colorectal mucosae, nearly half of colorectal tumors showed medium-to-high levels of lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) hypermethylation, according to the results of a study reported by Cheng et al in Medical Oncology. This finding was noted more frequent in earlier tumor...
New Research Shows Association of Kidney Cancer With Use of Aristolochic Acid
New research by the international Cancer Genomics of the Kidney consortium (CAGEKID) reveals an important connection between kidney cancer and exposure to aristolochic acid, an ingredient in some herbal remedies. The findings, published by Scelo et al in Nature Communications, have important...
Language and Communication Cognitive Complaints Worsen After Initiation of Endocrine Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Data suggest that cancer treatment puts patients at risk of cognitive impairment and that many patients exhibit impairment prior to treatment. In an observational cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ganz et al found that language and communication cognitive complaints were...
Topical Cidofovir and Imiquimod Active in Treating Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia
In a UK phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tristram et al found that topical cidofovir and topical imiquimod were active in the treatment of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, suggesting that such treatment may constitute an alternative to surgery. Study Details In the open-label...
Increased Prediagnosis BMI Associated With Increased Risk of Second Obesity-Associated Cancers in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of primary colorectal cancer, as well as increased risk of breast, endometrial, esophageal, pancreatic, and kidney cancers. In a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gibson et al found...
Survey Finds High Rates of Burnout Among Palliative Care Physicians, With Over 50% Predicted to Leave the Field in 10 Years
Physician burnout in palliative care is higher—over 62%—than the burnout rate reported in medical oncology—45%—according to a large survey of over 1,200 hospice and palliative care clinicians. The factors contributing to professional burnout severity included younger age,...
Chest Radiation to Treat Childhood Cancer Increases Patients’ Risk of Developing Breast Cancer
A new study has found that patients who received chest radiation for Wilms tumor, a rare childhood cancer, face an increased risk of developing breast cancer later in life due to their radiation exposure. Reported by Lange et al in Cancer, the findings suggest that cancer screening guidelines might ...
Low Mitotic Count Is an Independent Predictor of Survival in Women With Recurrent Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
Although low mitotic count, surgery, and disease-free interval of more than 6 months were associated with improved survival in women with recurrent or persistent uterine leiomyosarcoma, only low number of mitoses was identified as an independent predictor of survival post relapse, according to...
Genomic Sequencing More Efficient in Predicting Breast Cancer Risk Than Previously Thought
Using genomic sequencing data on all currently known genetic alterations in breast cancer, it is possible to identify a woman’s genetic risk for the disease, and this approach can bring greater gains in disease prevention than previously estimated, according to a study reported by Sieh et al...
Loss of Y Chromosome Associated With Higher Mortality and Risk of Cancer in Men
Age-related loss of the Y chromosome from blood cells, a frequent occurrence among elderly men, is associated with elevated risk of various cancers and earlier death, according to research presented at the American Society of Human Genetics 2014 Annual Meeting in San Diego (Abstract 295). This...
Many Insured Patients Alter Their Lifestyles and Medical Care to Cope With Cancer Treatment Costs
A small nationwide survey finds many insured patients are changing their lifestyle and medical care in the face of treatment-related financial burdens. In fact, more than one-third adopted medical care–altering strategies, with younger and lower-income patients being more likely to alter...
One-Third of U.S. Cancer Survivors May Be Experiencing Financial or Work-Related Hardship
New results from a survey of nearly 1,600 cancer survivors indicate a high prevalence of financial and work-related difficulties: 27% reported at least one financial problem (eg, debt, bankruptcy), and 37% reported having to modify work plans, such as taking extended time off or delaying...
Partnership Between Medical Oncologists and Palliative Care Specialists Improves Outcomes at an Inpatient Oncology Unit
First evaluation of a pioneering “co-rounding” partnership between medical oncologists and palliative care specialists at Duke University Medical Center shows improvements in both health system–related and patient-related outcomes. The first year of the new partnership—set...
Blood Biomarker May Detect Lung Cancer
A new study shows that patients with stage I to III non–small cell lung cancer have different metabolite profiles in their blood than those of patients who are at risk but do not have lung cancer. The study abstract was released today in an online supplement to the journal CHESTand will be...
Newly Discovered Molecular-Level Mechanism May Increase the Growth of Breast Cancer Cells
Researchers at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, the University of Turku, Finland, and the University of Oslo, Norway, have discovered a previously unknown molecular-level mechanism that may partly explain the increased growth of cancer cells. The study, published in the British Journal of...
Study Finds Increased Expression of NQO1 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With KRAS Mutations
In smokers with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the relationship between KRAS mutations and NQO1 may be of future therapeutic value, according to the study findings presented by Yilmaz et al in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The researchers...
ASCO Issues Clinical Expert Statement on Cancer Survivorship Care Planning
Efforts at implementing survivorship care plans have met with limited success in oncology practice, in part due to the time required to complete survivorship care plans, lack of role clarity, and lack of reimbursement for time to complete the documents. In response, ASCO convened a Survivorship...
TAS-102 Receives FDA Fast Track Designation for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation for Taiho Oncology’s TAS-102, a novel agent currently under investigation for the treatment of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. TAS-102 is an oral combination investigational anticancer drug consisting of...
14 Million Major Medical Conditions Attributable to Cigarette Smoking
At least 14 million major medical conditions among U.S. adults aged 35 years and older were attributed to cigarette smoking by a study estimating the disease burden of cigarette smoking, which, according to the study’s authors, “remains immense.” Among current and former smokers,...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Two Anti-HER2 Agents Optimal for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
For women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, combining two anti-HER2 agents with chemotherapy is the most effective treatment modality in the neoadjuvant setting, according to a meta-analysis published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The...
Oncologist Participation in Tumor Board Meetings May Be Associated With Improved Outcomes for Patients With Lung or Colorectal Cancers
A new population-based study of close to 5,000 patients and 1,600 oncologists found that physician participation in weekly tumor board meetings was associated with improved survival for patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and stage IV/extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, but not other...
Increase in PSA Levels 5 to 10 Years After Prostatectomy May Not Signify Subsequent Development of Metastasis in Patient's Lifetime
While early treatment of prostate cancer recurrence after a radical prostatectomy based on detectable or rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may reduce the risk of disease metastasis, even without salvage treatment, many patients will die of other causes before metastatic disease...
Medicare Part D Low-Income Subsidy Program Improves Adherence to Hormone Therapy After Breast Cancer Surgery
Findings from a study of more than 23,000 women suggest that the Medicare Part D Extra Help program, which provides low-income subsidies for medications, improves adherence to hormone therapy after breast cancer surgery in all racial/ethnic groups and reduces racial/ethnic disparities. The study,...
Death of Patients Within 1 Month of Cancer Surgery Influenced by Social and Demographic Factors
In a new study of more than 1.1 million patients who underwent surgery for the most common or fatal cancers, nearly 1 in 20 (4.8%) patients died within 1 month of the procedure. The risk of death was highest among patients who were not married, uninsured, non-white, male, older, less educated,...
Having Dependent Children Motivates Parents With Advanced Cancer to Pursue More Aggressive, Life-Extending Treatments
Findings from a pilot study of 42 parents with advanced cancer indicate that parental status is an important factor in treatment decision-making. When asked how having children influences their treatment decisions, the majority of parents (64%) responded that being a parent motivates them to pursue ...
FDA Grants Lenvatinib Priority Review Designation for Advanced Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for review the New Drug Application for lenvatinib mesylate as a treatment for progressive radioactive iodine–refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and granted the application Priority Review status. Lenvatinib is an oral multiple...
Single-Day Education Program Mitigates Psychosexual Side Effects of Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy
More women are undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy as a cancer prevention measure, but many are unaware of the potential sexual or psychological side effects of the procedure. A new study by researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute demonstrated that a half-day educational program can help ...
ASCO Endorses Guideline for Molecular Testing to Select Lung Cancer Patients for EGFR and ALK Inhibitor Treatment
ASCO has endorsed the recently developed joint College of American Pathologists (CAP), International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), and Association of Molecular Pathologists (AMP) guideline on molecular testing for selection of patients with lung cancer for EGFR and ALK inhibitor ...
FDA Grants Priority Review to Palbociclib as First-Line Therapy in Combination With Letrozole in Advanced Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted and granted Priority Review to Pfizer’s New Drug Application for palbociclib, in combination with letrozole, as a first-line treatment for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer...
Researchers Reveal Genomic Diversity of Individual Lung Tumors
Known cancer-driving genomic aberrations in localized lung cancer appear to be so consistently present across tumors that a single biopsy of one region of the tumor is likely to identify most of them, according to a paper published by Zhang et al in Science. The study led by scientists at The...
Hormone Loss Could Be Involved in Colon Cancer
Some cancers, like breast and prostate cancer, are driven by hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, but to date, there are none that are understood to be driven by the lack of a hormone. New evidence reported by researchers at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, suggests that human...
PET/CT Scanning May Provide Accurate Staging of Younger Patients With Breast Cancer
In breast cancer patients under the age of 40, positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning may provide accurate clinical staging for stage IIB and III disease, according to the study findings presented by Riedl et al in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. The utilization of...
New Findings in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Three studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology provide information on maintenance treatment with the synthetic retinoid tamibarotene in acute promyelocytic leukemia, potential implications of QT interval prolongation related to arsenic trioxide (Trisenox), and potential health-related...
Blinatumomab Receives FDA Priority Review Designation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for review Amgen’s Biologics License Application for blinatumomab for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome–negative relapsed/refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). As part of the acceptance, the ...
Study Finds Potential Link Between BRCA1/2 Mutations and Salivary Gland Cancer
The risk of developing cancer in a salivary gland might be higher in people with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer, according to a new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital...
Improved Survival With Maintenance Capecitabine/Bevacizumab vs Bevacizumab Alone in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Regulatory approval of bevacizumab (Avastin) plus docetaxel in metastatic breast cancer was withdrawn in Europe in February 2011 and in the United States in November 2011. The phase III IMELDA trial comparing maintenance capecitabine/bevacizumab vs bevacizumab after first-line bevacizumab/docetaxel ...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Is Active in Ipilimumab-Refractory Advanced Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Robert et al, the anti–programmed-death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in a phase I trial in patients with ipilimumab (Yervoy)-refractory melanoma. The study provided the basis for the recent accelerated approval of...
Study Identifies Groups at Risk for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have, for the first time, clearly defined the epidemiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which occur primarily in the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Of note was the discovery that patients of Asian...
One in Three People With Cancer Has Anxiety or Other Mental Health Challenges
Researchers in Germany report that nearly one-third of more than 2,100 patients with cancer interviewed at inpatient and outpatient care centers experienced a clinically meaningful level of mental or emotional distress that meets the strict diagnostic criteria for mental disorders including...
