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Showing 20051 - 20100Women With Lower Pretreatment Estrogen Levels at Greater Risk of Breast Cancer During Estrogen-Plus-Progestin Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ghada N. Farhat, PhD, of University of Balamand in Beirut, and colleagues found that women with lower pretreatment endogenous estrogen levels are at greatest risk of breast cancer during estrogen-plus-progestin therapy. Study...
PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score Provides Strongest Prognostic Information for Risk Beyond 5 Years in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Adjuvant endocrine therapy beyond 5 years reduces recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. Recent studies from the transATAC cohort have shown that immunohistochemical markers (IHC4), Oncotype DX recurrence score, and PAM50 risk of recurrence score are associated...
Gemcitabine Improves Overall Survival Following Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer
Among patients with pancreatic cancer who had surgery for removal of the cancer, treatment with the drug gemcitabine for 6 months resulted in increased overall survival as well as disease-free survival, compared with observation alone, according to a study in published in the October 9 issue of...
Program Chairs Highlight Abstracts of Interest for the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
The Program Chairs of the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, which will be held December 10–14, 2013, have highlighted what they consider to be the most important abstracts to be presented at the Symposium. In a telebriefing in advance of the December meeting, C. Kent...
Etirinotecan Pegol Active in Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer
Etirinotecan pegol is a topoisomerase-I inhibitor designed to provide prolonged tumor cell exposure to the active metabolite of irinotecan. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ahmad Awada, MD, of Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, and colleagues examined...
Patients With Poor Nutritional Status Before Radical Cystectomy Have a Higher Risk of Postoperative Complications
Patients with bladder cancer are two times more likely to have complications after a radical cystectomy procedure if they have a biomarker for poor nutritional status before the operation, according to study findings presented at the 2013 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons....
ACOSOG Z1071 Trial Does Not Support Sentinel Lymph Node Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive cN1 Breast Cancer
Sentinel lymph node surgery provides reliable nodal staging information and is associated with less morbidity than axillary lymph node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer. The American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z1071 (Alliance) trial examined the...
Study Identifies Prognostic DNA Methylation Signature for Stage I NSCLC
There is an absence of biomarkers to indicate which patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would best benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Juan Sandoval, PhD, of the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute in...
Everolimus Does Not Improve Overall Survival in Previously Treated Advanced Gastric Cancer
In a phase III trial (GRANITE-1 study) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Atsushi Ohtsu, MD, PhD, of the National Cancer Center Hospital East in Kashiwa, Japan, and colleagues, everolimus (Afinitor) plus best supportive care did not prolong overall survival compared with placebo plus best...
Better Leukemia-Free and Overall Survival in AML in First Remission With Cyclophosphamide Plus Busulfan vs Total-Body Irradiation
Myeloablative conditioning with cyclophosphamide combined with intravenous busulfan (Busulfex) was associated with better leukemia-free and overall survival than conditioning with cyclosphosphamide and total-body irradiation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were in first complete...
Radiotherapy After Local Excision for DCIS Reduces Long-Term Risk of Local Recurrence
As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mila Donker, MD, of the Netherlands Cancer Institute, and colleagues analyzed the effects of adjuvant radiotherapy after local excision for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on long-term risk for local recurrence and survival in patients from the EORTC...
Patients With Melanoma Do Not Maintain Cautious Behavior About Limiting Exposure to UV Radiation From the Sun
Patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma “do not maintain the cautious sun behavior they exhibit just after … diagnosis,” even though they are at increased risk for developing a second primary melanoma, data from a Danish study suggested. Based on measurements...
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists Issue Updated Guideline on HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) today issued a joint, updated guideline to improve the accuracy and reporting of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in patients with invasive breast cancer. The six-recommendation guideline is based on a systematic review of...
Intervention Program Improves Sun Protection Practices Among Children of Melanoma Survivors
Children of melanoma survivors were more likely to wear hats and reapply sunscreen after receiving a multimedia informational program designed specifically for them. These new findings were included in research published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A team of researchers...
Etirinotecan Pegol Shows Activity in Recurrent Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Etirinotecan pegol is a topoisomerase-I inhibitor that prolongs systemic exposure to the active metabolite of irinotecan. In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ignace B. Vergote, MD, PhD, of University Hospital Leuven in Belgium, and colleagues found that the agent produced...
Older Cancer Survivors in Rural Areas Forgo Health Care Due to Cost
Rural cancer survivors aged 65 or older were 66% more likely to forgo routine follow-up health care and 54% more likely to forgo dental care because of cost, compared with their urban counterparts, according to a study by Nynikka Palmer, DrPH, MPH, Post-doctoral Fellow in the Department of Social...
Ramucirumab Prolongs Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer
An investigational targeted drug that reduces blood flow to tumors prolonged the survival of patients with advanced stomach cancer after standard treatments failed, according to results of large multicenter clinical trial reported by Charles S. Fuchs, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
Long-Term Follow-up Indicates Increased Telomere Length With Lifestyle Change in Men With Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Short telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with aging and such age-related diseases as cancer, stroke, vascular dementia, cardiovascular disease, obesity, osteoporosis, and diabetes. Telomere attrition is considered a potential mechanism in triggering the chromosomal...
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Not at Greater Risk of Earlier Natural Menopause
Some data suggest that BRCA1 mutations are associated with occult primary ovarian insufficiency and that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have earlier natural menopause than noncarrier relatives. A study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ian M. Collins, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer...
Increased Physical Activity and Walking Reduces Breast Cancer Risk
A large epidemiology study of postmenopausal women by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS) has found that women who participated in at least 1 hour of vigorous physical activity every day had a 25% lower risk of breast cancer, and those who walked for at least 7 hours per week had a 14% ...
Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer Exhibit Vascular Endothelial Damage
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cornelia A.J. Brouwer, of the University Medical Center Groningen in the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed vascular parameters in long-term childhood cancer survivors and sibling controls. They found that survivors who had received...
Lactation May Be Linked to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mexican Women
Scientific data suggest that a woman reduces her risk of breast cancer by breastfeeding, having multiple children, and giving birth at a younger age. However, a study led by the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, indicates that women of Mexican descent may not fit that profile. ...
Genetic Anti-Inflammatory Defect May Predispose Children to Lymphoma
New research shows that children with an inherited genetic defect in a critical anti-inflammatory pathway have a genetic predisposition to lymphoma. Results of the study, published online today in Blood, reveal an important association between the genetic defect, which causes chronic intestinal...
Oral CMX001 100 mg Twice Weekly Reduces Cytomegalovirus Events in Patients Receiving Hematopoietic Cell Transplants
The anti-cytomegalovirus agent CMX001 is an oral lipid acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that is absorbed in the small intestine and transported throughout the body as a phospholipid. It is converted intracellularly to cidofovir diphosphate, but unlike cidofovir, is not a substrate of organic ion...
Addition of Rituximab Does Not Improve Outcome in Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma With Skeletal Involvement, but Radiotherapy Benefit Found
In a retrospective analysis of German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group trials reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gerhard Held, MD, of Saarland University Medical School in Homburg, and colleagues assessed the impact of rituximab (Rituxan) and radiotherapy on outcome in patients...
ECC 2013: French Study Finds Routine PSA Screening Does More Harm Than Good
There is no consensus on the value of routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening. Weighing in on this issue, investigators presented a study at the European Cancer Congress 2013 in Amsterdam (Abstract 1481) suggesting that population-based PSA screening does more harm than good. The...
ECC 2013: Strong Showing for Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine in Heavily Pretreated Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Results of the phase III TH3RESA trial show that the antibody-conjugate ado-trastuzumab (Kadcyla, previously known as T-DM1) extends progression-free survival in women with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer that progressed on two or more previous HER2-directed therapies including trastuzumab...
ECC 2013: PI3KCA-Mutant Tumors Not Likely to Respond to Neoadjuvant HER2 Blockade
In patients with early breast cancer receiving anti-HER2 therapy in the NeoALTTO trial, mutations in PIK3CA were associated with lower rates of pathologic complete response, Jose Baselga, MD, reported at the European Cancer Congress 2013 (Abstract 1859) in Amsterdam. In patients treated with the...
Men With Advanced Prostate Cancer Worry More About Burdening Family and Friends Than Dying, Survey Finds
Men with advanced prostate cancer are now living longer than ever, and it is estimated that one in six U.S. men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. However, little research has been conducted to understand the psychosocial needs of these men and their caregivers after...
ECC 2013: Continuous Combined Hormone Replacement Therapy Protects Against Endometrial Cancer
According to an analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative, continuous combined use of estrogen plus progestin reduces the risk of endometrial cancer among postmenopausal women. The study was reported at the European Cancer Congress 2013 in Amsterdam (Abstract LBA13) by Rowan Chlebowski, MD,...
ECC 2013: Radiation to Chest Lymph Nodes Improves Survival in Early Breast Cancer
Extending radiation to the lymph nodes behind the sternal wall and above the collarbone extends overall survival in patients with stage I to III breast cancer and does not increase toxicity compared to conventional locoregional radiation therapy, according to 10-year results of an international...
FDA Approves Neoadjuvant Pertuzumab for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to pertuzumab (Perjeta) in combination with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and docetaxel for patients with early-stage breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting. Pertuzumab is the first FDA-approved drug for the neoadjuvant...
ECC 2013: Multiple Studies Validate Long-Term Survival Benefit of Ipilimumab in Melanoma
There is no longer any doubt that for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced melanoma, ipilimumab (Yervoy) conveys long-term survival benefits, according to studies presented at the European Cancer Congress 2013. In the largest survival analysis of the CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody to date...
Telomere Length May Be a Prognostic Marker for Prostate Cancer
Cancer cells are known to have short telomeres, but just how short they are from cancer cell to cancer cell may be a determining factor in a prostate cancer patient's prognosis, according to a study led by scientists at Johns Hopkins. "Doctors are looking for new ways to accurately predict...
Repurposed Antidepressants May Have Potential to Treat Small Cell Lung Cancer
A bioinformatics approach to repurposing drugs resulted in identification of a class of antidepressants as a potential new treatment for small cell lung cancer, according to a study published in Cancer Discovery. Based on data generated using bioinformatics, two drugs approved by the U.S. Food and ...
ASTRO: Protecting Hippocampus During Whole-Brain Radiation Substantially Reduces Rate of Memory Loss in Cancer Patients
Protecting the stem cells that reside in and around the hippocampus substantially reduces the rate of cancer patients' memory loss during whole-brain radiotherapy without a significant risk of recurrence in that area of the brain, a new study shows. Results of the phase II clinical trial of...
Increases in Melanoma Incidence and Mortality Unremitting Over 6 Decades, Study Finds
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alan C. Geller, MPH, RN, of the Harvard School of Public Health, and colleagues assessed long-term trends in the incidence and mortality of melanoma in Connecticut, a state with complete and consistent tumor registration. They found...
For Pregnant Women With Lymphoma, Standard Combination Chemotherapy Given After First Trimester Associated With Few Complications
Lymphoma is the fourth most frequent cancer to occur during pregnancy. In a multicenter retrospective analysis reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Andrew M. Evens, DO, MSc, of Tufts University Medical School, and colleagues examined treatment, complications, and outcomes for Hodgkin lymphoma...
Large Retrospective Study Finds Association Between Marriage and Cancer Outcomes
New results from a large retrospective study of the National Cancer Institute’s SEER database, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, show that patients with cancer who were married at the time of diagnosis live markedly longer compared to unmarried patients. Researchers also found...
Abiraterone Acetate/Prednisone Combination Delays Decline in Quality of Life in Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
According to a study published in The Lancet Oncology, abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) taken in conjunction with prednisone significantly delays progression of pain and quality of life deterioration in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study was led by Ethan Basch, MD,...
Colonoscopy Associated With Reduction in Overall, Distal, and Proximal Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality
Colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy have been shown to provide protection against colorectal cancer, but the magnitude and duration of protection, particularly against proximal colon cancer, remain undefined. A study of long-term colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after lower endoscopy reported in ...
ASTRO: Younger Adults With a Limited Number of Brain Metastases Have Improved Overall Survival After Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
When treated with stereotactic radiosurgery that is not combined with whole-brain radiotherapy, adult brain cancer patients who were 50 years old and younger were found to have improved survival, according to research presented on Sunday, September 22, at the American Society for Radiation...
ASTRO: Proton Therapy Yields Encouraging Outcomes for Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients
When used to treat pediatric patients with intracranial malignant tumors, proton therapy may limit the toxicity of radiation therapy while preserving tumor control, according to research presented on Sunday, September 22, at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s 55th Annual Meeting...
USPSTF Issues Final Recommendation Statement on Medications for the Risk Reduction of Primary Breast Cancer in Women
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) released today its final recommendation statement on medications to reduce the risk of primary breast cancer in women. Clinicians are recommended to prescribe risk-reducing medications, such as tamoxifen or raloxifene, for women who are at increased...
HERA Trial Shows No Benefit of 2 Years vs 1 Year of Trastuzumab, Significant Survival Benefits of 1 Year vs Observation in Early Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Aron Goldhirsch, MD, of the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, and colleagues, 2 years of trastuzumab (Herceptin) showed no advantage over 1 year of trastuzumab treatment in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer in the phase III HERA trial. An update of...
ASTRO: Fewer Weeks of Neoadjuvant Hormone Therapy Reduces Side Effects in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
A shorter course of androgen suppression therapy prior to radiation therapy, when compared to an extended course of androgen suppression therapy, yields comparable outcomes and fewer adverse effects for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients, according to research presented today at the...
ASTRO: Long-Term Androgen Deprivation in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Does Not Improve Overall Survival
A secondary analysis of the historic RTOG 9202 prostate cancer trial examined results of men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer who had received long-term hormonal therapy after radiation therapy. Investigators concluded that there were no additional benefits when compared to short-term...
Childhood Cancer Survivors Who Received Nephrotoxic Therapy May Be at Greater Risk for Late Renal Problems
A large study assessing glomerular function in adult survivors of childhood cancers who were treated with certain chemotherapy drugs or kidney surgery found that they had worse kidney function, which did not recover over time, compared with adult survivors who were not given nephrotoxic therapy....
Antiviral Treatment Improves Recurrence-Free and Overall Survival in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma have poor postoperative prognosis. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jianhua Yin, MD, of the Second Military Medical University in Shanghai, and colleagues assessed the effects of nucleotide/nucleoside analog...
NCCN: Practical Considerations in Selecting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Although imatinib (Gleevec) is the initial therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), several second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors are now approved for the treatment of this disease. Michael Millenson, MD, of Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, reviewed practical considerations in...
