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Showing 19251 - 19300FDA Approves Ruxolitinib to Treat Patients With Polycythemia Vera
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved a new use for ruxolitinib (Jakafi) to treat patients with polycythemia vera, a chronic type of bone marrow disease. Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, is the first drug approved by the FDA for this condition. Polycythemia vera occurs when too...
Surveillance Guidelines Miss 30% of Renal Cell Carcinoma Recurrences After Nephrectomy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stewart et al found that 30% or more of renal cell carcinoma recurrences were missed using National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines for surveillance after surgery for renal cell...
Dacomitinib Shows Activity in First-Line Treatment of Patients With Clinically or Molecularly Selected Advanced NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jänne et al found that the pan-HER inhibitor dacomitinib was active in first-line treatment of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations or clinical characteristics associated with response to EGFR...
DNA Vaccine Targeting Mammaglobin-A Produces Robust Immune Response in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a phase I study, a DNA vaccine targeting the breast cancer–associated antigen mammaglobin-A (MAM-A) was found to be safe and effective in eliciting immune responses in women with metastatic breast cancer. Preliminary evidence also suggests that the vaccine improved progression-free...
Despite Popularity of Alternative Medicine, Most U.S. Oncologists Do Not Discuss Herb and Supplement Use With Their Patients
Available data indicate that a majority of cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lee et al found that oncologists responding to a survey on herb and supplement use did not discuss herb and supplement use with most of...
More Than 40% of U.S. Women Have Mammographically Dense Breasts
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Sprague et al found that more than 40% of U.S. women have mammographically dense breasts, with the prevalence being inversely proportional to age and body mass index (BMI). As noted by the authors: “National legislation is...
Low Risk of Breast Cancer After Ovarian Cancer in Women With BRCA Mutation
In a retrospective single-institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Gangi et al found a low risk of breast cancer after diagnosis of ovarian cancer in women harboring BRCA mutations. The study involved 364 women who had BRCA mutation testing for stage I to IV epithelial ovarian...
FDA Warns Against Using Laparoscopic Power Morcellators to Treat Uterine Fibroids
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced that it is taking immediate steps to help reduce the risk of spreading unsuspected cancer in women being treated for uterine fibroids. In an updated safety communication, originally issued in April 2014, the FDA warned against using...
Adult Survivors of Retinoblastoma Experience Few Cognitive or Social Setbacks
Adult survivors of retinoblastoma, a type of eye cancer that usually develops in early childhood, have few cognitive or social problems decades following their diagnosis and treatment, according to a study by Brinkman et al published in Cancer. The findings offer good news for patients, but the...
High-Dose Interleukin-2 Effective in Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Pretreated With VEGF-Targeted Therapies
High-dose interleukin-2 can be effective in selected metastatic renal cell cancer patients pretreated with VEGF-targeted agents, according to research presented recently at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology in Geneva (Abstract 4O). “Despite the wide and increasing range of therapies...
Cigarette Smoking Before Diagnosis of First Cancer Is Associated With Increased Risk of Second Cancers
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shiels et al found that prediagnostic smoking among survivors of stage I lung cancer or bladder, kidney, or head/neck cancer was associated with increased risk of second lung, bladder, kidney, and head and neck cancer. Study Details The...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors May Work in Brain Cancers
New evidence that immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in glioblastoma and brain metastases was presented today at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology 2014 in Geneva (Abstract 1O). The novel research shows that brain metastases of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, providing an immunoactive...
Advanced-Practice Nurse Telephone Counseling Improves Rate of Cardiomyopathy Screening in At‑Risk Adult Survivors of Pediatric Cancer
In the ECHOS trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hudson et al found that the addition of two tailored telephone counseling sessions by an advanced-practice nurse to a mailed personalized survivorship care plan including cardiac screening recommendations resulted in a greater than...
Novel Genomic Signature Predicts Postcystectomy Recurrence in High-Risk Bladder Cancer
As reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Mitra et al have identified a novel genomic-based signature that improves prediction of postcystectomy recurrence in patients with high-risk bladder cancer. Use of the signature could help guide selection of patients for adjuvant therapy...
Exposure to Hookah Smoke Doubles Benzene Uptake, Potentially Increasing Risk for Leukemia
Findings from a new study show that hookah smokers and nonsmokers exposed to hookah (or waterpipe) secondhand tobacco smoke at social events in hookah lounges and in private homes had significant increases in uptake of benzene, a leukemogen that causes lymphohematopoietic cancers, especially acute...
FDA Approves Extended-Release, Single-Entity Hydrocodone Product With Abuse-Deterrent Properties
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved hydrocodone bitartrate (Hysingla ER), an extended-release opioid analgesic to treat pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate. The product...
Researchers Identify Biomarker of Response to New Ovarian Cancer Drug
Researchers have found a way to identify which ovarian cancer patients are likely to respond well to a new anticancer drug called rucaparib. Previous clinical trials have shown that women with platinum-sensitive tumors with BRCA1/2 mutations respond well to rucaparib. In new findings presented...
PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score Helps Predict Late Distant Recurrence After 5 Years of Endocrine Treatment for Breast Cancer
In a combined analysis of outcomes in the translational research cohort of the Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination trial (TransATAC) and the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8 (ABCSG 8) trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sestak and colleagues found that the ...
About 25% of Patients Undergoing Breast-Conservation Surgery for Stage 0 to II Carcinoma Have Subsequent Surgery
“Approximately one-fourth of all patients who undergo initial breast-conservation surgery for breast cancer will have a subsequent operative intervention,” concluded a study published online in JAMA Surgery. “The rate of repeat surgeries varies by patient, tumor, and facility...
Galeterone Shows Activity in Variant Form of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Results from the ARMOR2 of the anticancer drug galeterone shows that it is successful in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with a variant form castration-resistant prostate cancer. The findings, presented at the 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer...
Patients With Advanced Papillary Kidney Cancer Respond Well to Bevacizumab/Erlotinib Combination Therapy
Researchers have found that patients with an advanced form of kidney cancer, for which there is no standard treatment and a very poor prognosis, respond well to a combination of two existing anticancer drugs. The combination of bevacizumab (Avastin) and erlotinib (Tarceva) produced excellent...
IDH1 Inhibitor Demonstrates Anticancer Activity in Advanced Leukemia
A phase I trial of the first drug designed to inhibit the cancer-causing activity of a mutated enzyme known as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1, which is involved in cell metabolism, has shown clinical activity in patients with advanced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the IDH1 mutation. The...
Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Sun Behaviors May Influence Future Melanoma Risk
The combination of different patterns of sun exposure experienced by children and biomarkers of melanoma risk, such as the number of freckles or moles that develop as a result, may play a large role in future melanoma risk, a study investigating gene and environmental interactions has found....
Risedronate Reduces Anastrozole-Related Bone Loss in Osteopenic/Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women
In a substudy of the IBIS-II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sestak et al found that risedronate treatment reduced anastrozole-related bone loss over 3 years in postmenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer. Study Details The study involved assessment of bone mineral density...
ASCO Calls for Major Medicaid Reform to Improve Quality Cancer Care for Low-Income Americans
ASCO issued its new Policy Statement on Medicaid Reform yesterday, which calls for major changes to the program to ensure access to high-quality cancer care for all low-income individuals. The Society’s recommendations call for Medicaid expansion in all 50 states to close coverage gaps,...
FDA Approves Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Platinum-Resistant, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bevacizumab (Avastin) in combination with paclitaxel, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, or topotecan for the treatment of patients with platinum-resistant, recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. AURELIA Trial ...
Estimated Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening reduced lung cancer mortality compared with chest radiography. In a cost-effectiveness analysis in NLST reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Black et al found that low-dose CT screening was...
Outcomes With Lobectomy, Sublobar Resection, and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy in Medicare Patients With Early-Stage NSCLC
In a study on use of the most common definitive therapies for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Medicare patients reported in JAMA Surgery, Shirvani et al found that lobectomy was associated with improved outcome vs sublobar resection and that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy may be of...
No Benefit of Adding Iniparib to Gemcitabine/Carboplatin in Metastatic Triple‑Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Shaughnessy et al found that the addition of iniparib to gemcitabine and carboplatin did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. An exploratory...
Good Results With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Plus Erlotinib in Limited but Progressive Metastatic NSCLC
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Iyengar et al found that stereotactic body radiation therapy plus erlotinib (Tarceva) resulted in infrequent recurrence in radiation therapy–treated sites and was associated with prolonged progression-free survival and overall...
Small Variation in Risk-Adjusted Hospital Readmission After Colorectal Cancer Surgery
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Lucas et al found wide variation in raw hospital readmission rates after colorectal cancer surgery but little variation in readmission in risk-adjusted analysis. Thirty-day readmission rates have been reported at 10% to 14% in this setting. Study Details The...
Even With Equal Health-Care Access, Cancer Survival Rates Are Worse in American Indians and Alaskan Natives
The 5- and 10-year cancer survival rates were lower among American Indians and Alaskan Natives compared with non-Hispanic whites even when they had approximately equal access to health care, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) conference on The Science ...
Study Reports Improvement in Continence With Solifenacin After Radical Prostatectomy
In a recent study, use of solifenacin was associated with a statistically significant improvement in continence in patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, although no statistically significant difference in the time to return to continence. The results of this study,...
Continued Preventive Effect of Radiotherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery for DCIS in 20-Year Follow-Up of SweDCIS Trial
The 20-year follow-up of the Swedish randomized SweDCIS trial, reported by Wärnberg et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, shows a continued benefit of radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in preventing ipsilateral disease. A nonsignificant...
CMS Announces Proposed Decision to Cover Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced today that there is sufficient evidence to cover lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for individuals at high risk for lung cancer. Earlier this year, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force...
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Technique for Pneumonectomy Shown to Be Safe
In the largest series of its kind to date, researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have shown that performing thoracoscopic pneumonectomy, removal of the entire lung through a minimally invasive endoscopic approach, at a high-volume center appears to be safe and may provide pain and...
End-of-Life Discussions Are Associated With Longer Survival and Higher Quality of Life
A review of advance care planning and end-of-life communication practices among physicians by the American College of Physicians has found that implementing early discussions about goals of care with seriously ill patients results in better quality of life, reduced use of life-sustaining treatments ...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Gefitinib Increased Response Rates in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Adding interleukin-2 to gefitinib (Iressa) therapy resulted in threefold higher response rates in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study by Bersanelli et al in Cancers. The addition of interleukin-2 enhanced the efficacy of gefitinib without negatively ...
Oral Cancer–Causing HPV May Be Transmitted Through Oral and Genital Contact
A study investigating the prevalence and risk factors of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young men has found a higher prevalence of oral HPV among men who had female partners with an oral and/or genital HPV infection, suggesting that transmission may occur through oral or genital...
Worse Patient-Reported Outcomes With Addition of Ovarian Function Suppression to Tamoxifen in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
In the phase III Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E-3193 (Intergroup 0142) trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tevaarwerk et al, adding ovarian function suppression to tamoxifen was associated with worse patient-reported outcomes in premenopausal women with...
Olaparib Treatment Yields Promising Response Rates in Patients With BRCA Mutation–Associated Cancers
Olaparib, an experimental twice-daily oral cancer drug, produced an overall tumor response rate of 26% in several advanced cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, according to a phase II study reported by Kaufman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The positive response provides...
Number of Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer Anticipated to Double
In the next 15 years, more than 1 in 10 colon cancers and nearly 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in patients younger than the traditional screening age, according to researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. This growing public health problem is underscored by data...
High Rate of Hepatitis B Reactivation in Chinese Patients Receiving Rituximab for Lymphoma
In a prospective Chinese study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Seto et al found a 2-year rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation of 41.5% in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative and anti–hepatitis B core antigen antibody (anti-HBc)–positive patients receiving...
Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy Plus Stereotactic Radiosurgery Improved Survival in Better-Prognosis Patients With Brain Metastases
In a secondary analysis utilizing the graded prognostic assessment—an improved diagnosis-specific index—the group of all patients with one to three brain metastases had no survival advantage when treated with whole-brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, compared with...
FOLFOXIRI/Bevacizumab Bests FOLFIRI/Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer who received FOLFOXIRI (fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab (Avastin) had improved survival compared to patients who received FOLFIRI (5-FU, leucovorin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab in a phase III...
CDC Reports That Millions of U.S. Women Are Not Getting Screened for Cervical Cancer
Despite evidence that cervical cancer screening saves lives, about 8 million women aged 21 to 65 years have not been screened for cervical cancer in the past 5 years, according to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly ...
Shorter-Duration Therapy Including Lower-Dose Cyclophosphamide Preserves Efficacy in Newly Diagnosed Low-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma
Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) studies have shown improved failure-free survival with VAC (vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide) given with a total cumulative cyclophosphamide dose of 26.4 g/m2 compared with VA (vincristine and dactinomycin) in patients with subset 1...
Dual HER2 Blockade With Lapatinib and Trastuzumab Improves Inhibition of Tumor Growth in HER2-Amplified Uterine Serous Carcinoma
In a retrospective analysis utilizing both uterine serous carcinoma cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, dual therapy with lapatinib (Tykerb) and trastuzumab (Herceptin) demonstrated antitumor responses, according to a study by Groeneweg et al in Clinical Cancer Research. Also, the authors...
FDA Approves Ramucirumab in Combination With Paclitaxel for Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved ramucirumab (Cyramza) for use in combination with paclitaxel for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Ramucirumab was approved in April 2014 as a single agent for the treatment of...
Pelvic Radiotherapy May Benefit Some Women With Ovarian Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma
Adjuvant radiotherapy may play a role in the management of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma, which appears to be less prone to peritoneal dissemination than other subtypes, according to the results of a small retrospective study reported by Macrie et al in the International Journal of...
