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Showing 18601 - 18650ASTRO 2015: Patients With Bone Metastases Undergoing Radiation Therapy for Symptom Control Have Lower Pain Flare Rates With Steroid Use
The steroid dexamethasone reduces radiation-induced pain flare in cancer patients with painful bone metastases, according to research presented by Chow et al (Abstract LBA1) October 18, 2015 at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s (ASTRO’s) 57th Annual Meeting in San Antonio,...
ASTRO 2015: Reduced-Intensity Chemoradiotherapy May Be as Effective as Current Standard for Patients With HPV-Related Oropharynx Cancer
For some patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancer of the tonsils and tongue, reduced-intensity radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be as effective as standard-dose radiation and chemotherapy, and result in fewer acute side effects, according to research presented by Chera et al...
ASTRO 2015: Subset of Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Achieves Clinical Benefit From Combination of Immunotherapy and Radiation Therapy
Immunotherapy combined with palliative radiation therapy for a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma reduces the growth and spread of the cancer, according to research presented by Hiniker et al (Abstract 215) on October 20, 2015 at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s...
Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screenings in 20 to 29 Pack-Year Smokers
The potential risks and harms of low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening in current 20 to 29 pack-year smokers needs to be assessed before recommending such screening to this group, according to a study published by Pinsky and Kramer in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute....
Similar Pain Outcome With Ibandronate vs Single-Dose Radiotherapy for Localized Metastatic Bone Pain in Prostate Cancer
In a UK phase III noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Hoskin et al found similar effects of single-dose ibandronate and single-dose radiotherapy on localized metastatic bone pain in patients with prostate cancer. Study Details In the open-label trial,...
Researchers Link Immunosuppressive Mycophenolate Mofetil to Increased Risk of Central Nervous System Lymphoma
A study led by Johns Hopkins researchers has linked the immunosuppressive drug mycophenolate mofetil to an increased risk of central nervous system lymphoma in solid organ transplant patients. But the same study also found that another class of immunosuppressive drugs, calcineurin inhibitors, given ...
Ibrutinib Produces Responses in Patients With Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a letter to The New England Journal of Medicine, Hamadani et al describe near-complete and complete responses with the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (Imbruvica) in two heavily pretreated patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Patient 1 The first patient was a 28-year-old...
Five-Gene Signature May Help Predict Survival Outcomes for Some Children With Rhabdomyosarcoma
Among children with intermediate-risk rhabdomyosarcoma that is negative for a fusion gene, those who had a high score for expression of a specific gene signature called MG5 had poorer survival outcomes compared with those who had a low MG5 score, according to a study published by Hingorani et al in ...
Study Examines Links Between Viral and Bacterial Microbial Signatures and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Cancer is the result of normal cellular functions going wildly awry on a genetic level. That fact has been known for some time, but increasing evidence is showing that the human microbiome, the diverse population of microorganisms within every person, may play a key role in either setting the stage ...
Dactinomycin Produces Durable Response in Patient With NPM1-Mutant AML
As reported by Falini et al in a letter to The New England Journal of Medicine, dactinomycin treatment resulted in morphologic and molecular complete remission ongoing at 14 months in a patient with NPM1-mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NPM1-mutated AML may account for one-third of AML in...
Cancer Survivors More Likely to Have Poor Diets Than Those With No History of Cancer
While most cancer survivors in the United States are motivated to seek information about food choices and dietary changes to improve their health, a new study comparing their dietary patterns to federal guidelines indicates that they often fall short. By Zhang et al in Cancer, the findings point to ...
Researchers Identify Dozens of Genetic Mutations Driving CLL and Their Evolution in Progression and Relapse
An analysis of whole-exome sequencing data from 538 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including 278 pretreatment samples collected from patients enrolled in a clinical trial, has identified 44 recurrently mutated genes and 11 recurrent somatic copy number variations. These findings...
Danish-Swedish Study Indicates No Survival Benefit of Routine Imaging for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Patients in First Complete Remission
In a Danish-Swedish population-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, El-Galaly et al found that routine imaging for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in patients in first complete remission does not improve post-treatment survival. Study Details The study included 525 Danish and...
Aggressive End-of-Life Care More Frequent Among Black Than White Men With End-Stage Prostate Cancer
A study to examine racial disparities in end-of-life care among black and white patients dying of prostate cancer found that “significant racial disparities in end-of-life care" do exist. “Although diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are less frequent in black patients with...
Study Finds Use of Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation Has Stagnated
Accelerated partial-breast irradiation was designed to be a faster, more convenient, and potentially safer way for many women with breast cancer to reduce their mortality risk and help keep their cancer from returning after surgery. But a new study shows that despite the availability of accelerated ...
Antioxidants May Increase the Rate of Metastasis, Protect Existing Tumors in Malignant Melanoma
Fresh research at Sahlgrenska Academy has found that antioxidants can double the rate of melanoma metastasis in mice. The results reinforce previous findings that antioxidants hasten the progression of lung cancer. According to Martin Bergö, PhD, people with cancer or an elevated risk of...
Adjuvant Hormone Therapy May Improve Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Results of the phase III AHT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Eeles et al suggest that adjuvant hormonal therapy may improve survival in women with epithelial ovarian cancer. The trial, started in 1990, was stopped early due to low recruitment. Study Details In the open-label ...
To Optimize Tamoxifen Use Among Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer, Include Access to Fertility-Preservation Options
A multivariable analysis of clinical factors associated with tamoxifen use among premenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer showed that fertility preservation was a significant factor and “the only predictor of both noninitiation and early cessation” of...
Half-Matched Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients May Tolerate Transplantation Just as Well as Fully Matched Recipients
Bone marrow transplantation is a lifesaving therapy for many patients with blood cancers like leukemias and lymphomas. Currently, the gold standard blood-generating stem cells are obtained from a donor, most likely a sibling, with a perfect match to the patient in order to minimize the chance of...
A Tolerant Immune System May Increase Cancer Risk
For a malignant tumor to form, cancer cells must evade the immune system's attack. Numerous studies have already shown that cancer spreads particularly aggressively if there is an unfavorable balance between suppressing and active immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. “But we didn't...
Clergy Religious Beliefs Are Associated With Greater ICU Care in Congregants’ Final Days
A survey exploring the relationship between spiritual support and end-of-life care by evaluating clergy members’ opinions and experiences related to care provided to congregants at the end of their life has found that a majority of clergy endorse religious beliefs regarding their...
FDA Approves Use of Nivolumab in Advanced Nonsquamous Lung Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved nivolumab (Opdivo) to treat patients with metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that that blocks the...
12-Year Ipsilateral Breast Invasive Recurrence in 7.5% to 13.4% of Women With Low-Risk DCIS Receiving Surgical Excision Without Radiation
As reported by Solin et al in Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12-year results from the ECOG-ACRIN E5194 trial indicate that among women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with low-risk clinical and pathologic characteristics, surgical excision without radiation therapy was associated with...
Surgical Resection Prolongs Survival for Patients Whose Melanoma Has Spread to the Abdomen
Surgical removal of melanoma that has metastasized to the abdomen appears to help patients live more than twice as long as those who receive only medical therapy, according to study results presented at the 2015 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons. In more than 1,600 patients...
Many Patients Do Not Accurately Recall Important Colonoscopy Details as Time Lapses
As time lapses, many patients who have undergone a colonoscopy become less and less likely to recall when and where they last had the procedure performed, who the doctor was who performed it, whether polyps were found, and, if so, the number and size of those polyps, according to new study results...
BMI Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients With Node-Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Optimally Dosed Chemotherapy
In an analysis reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ligibel et al found that body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis was independently prognostic for recurrence-free and overall survival in women with early-stage node-positive breast cancer who received doxorubicin,...
Unilateral Mastectomy Is a More Cost-Effective Treatment for Sporadic Cancer in One Breast Than Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy
For younger women with early-stage, noninherited breast cancer on one side, a unilateral mastectomy leads to a slightly higher quality of life and lower costs over the next 20 years compared with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, according to new study results presented at the 2015 Annual...
Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Treatment Produces Response in Patient With Refractory Multiple Myeloma
As reported by Garfall et al in The New England Journal of Medicine, a patient with refractory multiple myeloma who had undergone prior autologous stem cell transplantation and multiple lines of therapy exhibited a complete response to a second autologous transplantation followed by infusion of...
All Relatives of Patients With Colorectal Cancer May Be at Increased Risk Regardless of Age at Diagnosis of Index Patient
All relatives of individuals with colorectal cancer are at increased risk for this cancer, regardless of the age of diagnosis of the index patient in the family, according to a study published by Samadder et al in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. These findings may impact future guidelines ...
Cardiovascular Prevention Trial Shows Reduction in Invasive Breast Cancer Risk With Mediterranean Diet Supplemented by Extra-Virgin Olive Oil
As reported in JAMA Internal Medicine by Toledo et al, a large Spanish primary prevention nutrition intervention trial in patients at high cardiovascular risk (PREDIMED) showed a large reduction in risk for invasive breast cancer among women 60 to 80 years of age who were randomly assigned to the...
Palliative Care 2015: Collaboration Between Radiation Oncologists and Palliative Care Specialists Improves Care for Patients With Advanced Cancer
An innovative service model that partners radiation oncology with palliative care leads to better results for patients, according to a new analysis. The model of care, established at Mount Sinai Medical Center, is one of only a handful in the country. The study (Abstract 110) will be presented at...
FDA Approves Expanded Indication for Medical Device to Treat Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved an expanded indication for the Optune tumor treating fields device to treat patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. It is given along with the chemotherapy drug temozolomide following standard treatments that include...
Disparities in Outcomes for Children With Retinoblastoma May Suggest Unequal Access to Primary Care
Disparities in outcomes for children with retinoblastoma suggest unequal access to primary care, researchers from Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center reported in a study published by Truong et al in JAMA Pediatrics. Although virtually all the children in the study...
Palliative Care 2015: Study Finds the Answer to One Question Can Help Identify Patients Nearing the End of Life
Determining the answer to a simple question, “Would you be surprised if this patient died within the next year?” can be an important tool to help predict which patients with cancer may be in their final year of life, according to the findings from a study by Vick et al. The tool, known...
ASCO Endorses CHEST Guideline on Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed the current American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) guideline on treatment of small cell lung cancer, released in 2013. After review of evidence from an updated literature search covering 2011 to March 2015, an ASCO...
Palliative Radiotherapy May Be Overused in Late-Stage Lung Cancer
Almost half of patients with advanced lung cancer receive more than the recommended number of radiation treatments to reduce their pain, according to a new study published by Koshy et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Radiation therapy that is palliative can reduce the pain from...
Bariatric Surgery May Resolve Precancerous Uterine Lining Changes in Obese Women
A study evaluating the effects of bariatric surgery on obese women most at risk for cancer has found that the weight-loss surgery slashed participants' weight by one-third and eliminated precancerous uterine growths in those who had them. Other effects included improving patients' physical quality...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Pembrolizumab for Advanced NSCLC
On October 2, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval for pembrolizumab (Keytruda) to treat patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease has progressed after other treatments and with tumors that express programmed cell...
ECC 2015: Combination of Dabrafenib and Trametinib Superior to Vemurafenib Alone in Advanced Melanoma: Results of the COMBI-v Trial
The latest results from a trial of a combination of two targeted therapies (dabrafenib [Tafinlar] and trametinib [Mekinist]) to treat advanced melanoma have shown that patients are living significantly longer on the combined therapy than patients treated with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) alone. Caroline...
Nonmyeloablative Transplantation With High-Dose Cyclophosphamide May Improve Outcomes in Older Patients With Hematologic Malignancy
In a recent report of single-institution experience in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kasamon et al found that nonmyeloablative-related HLA-haploidentical blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) followed by high-dose cyclophosphamide produced good outcomes in patients aged 50 to 75 years...
ECC 2015: Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Results of the KEYNOTE-028 Trial
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an anti–PD-1 therapy, may be effective as monotherapy in patients with advanced unresectable nasopharyngeal carcinoma whose tumors express programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Data from a phase Ib study, KEYNOTE-028, showed an overall response rate of 22.2% in 27...
ECC 2015: Atezolizumab in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Results of the IMvigor 210 Study
At the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna, Austria, early results were announced (Abstract 21LBA) from a pivotal phase II study, IMvigor 210, of the investigational cancer immunotherapy atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1; MPDL3280A) in people with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Nivolumab in Combination With Ipilimumab in BRAF V600 Wild-Type, Unresectable, or Metastatic Melanoma
On September 30, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (Opdivo) in combination with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for the treatment of patients with BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable, or metastatic melanoma. The FDA is scheduled to make a decision on ...
Co-infection With High-Risk and Low-Risk HPV Reduces Risk of Squamous Cervical Cancer vs High-Risk HPV Alone
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Sundström et al found that women co-infected with high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) had reduced risk of squamous cervical cancer (SCC), but not cancer in situ (CIS) compared with women with high-risk HPV...
Biomarker miR-506 Helps Predict Survival Time in Gastric Cancer Patients
Gastric cancer is typically associated with late-stage diagnosis, as well as high mortality. A study by Li et al in The American Journal of Pathology points to a pivotal role played by the biomarker microRNA (miR)-506 in gastric cancer. Patients whose primary gastric cancer lesions express high...
ECC 2015: Lung and Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Results From the RADIANT-4 Trial
An international team of researchers has shown that the use of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus can delay tumor growth among both gastrointestinal and lung neuroendocrine tumors. This is particularly important for patients with lung tumors, the researchers say, because there is currently no approved...
ECC 2015: Advanced Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Results From the NETTER-1 Trial
Results from a multicenter randomized international trial of an innovative treatment show a marked improvement in the length of time patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumors experience progression-free survival, researchers reported at the 2015 European Cancer Congressin Vienna, Austria, on...
ECC 2015: Tackling the Global Shortfall in Radiotherapy
Millions of people are unable to receive necessary treatment worldwide because of a chronic underinvestment in radiotherapy resources, according to a major new Commission on access to radiotherapy, published in by Atun et al in The Lancet Oncology, and presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress ...
Tailored Education Improves Awareness of Risk for Therapy-Related Complications Among Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al found that education tailored to personal risk for therapy-related complications improved risk awareness in survivors of childhood cancer. The level of awareness appeared to reach a maximum after several educational sessions....
Brentuximab Vedotin Effective, Safe in Elderly Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Who Cannot Tolerate Standard Chemotherapy
A study published by Forero-Torres et al in Blood reported that brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) is an effective and safe first course of treatment for older patients with Hodgkin lymphoma who are unfit for chemotherapy. Ineligibility for Chemotherapy Although standard chemotherapy can...
