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Showing 17201 - 17250Early Study Shows Cabazitaxel May Be More Effective Than Docetaxel in Some Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a new study reported by de Leeuw et al in Clinical Cancer Research, researchers found that the novel taxane cabazitaxel (Jevtana) has properties that could make it more effective than docetaxel in some patients with advanced prostate cancer. This hypothesis is currently being tested in a phase...
Meta-Analysis Shows Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer With Menopausal Hormone Therapy
In a study reported in The Lancet, the Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer found that use of menopausal hormone therapy was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, with the risk being highest among current users. The study consisted of meta-analyses of...
No Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Orteronel to Prednisone in Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III ELM-PC 4 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Saad et al found that the addition of the CYP 17,20 lyase inhibitor orteronel to prednisone did not improve overall survival in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Improvement in...
Decision Aid Including Information on Overdetection Increases Informed Choice in Breast Screening and Reduces Intention to Be Screened
In a study reported in The Lancet, Hersch et al found that use of a decision aid containing information on overdetection in breast cancer screening was associated with an increased rate of informed choice regarding screening, a reduced rate of positive attitudes toward screening, and reduced...
Phase III Trial Shows Improved Survival With Long‑Term Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Plus High-Dose Radiotherapy in Localized Prostate Cancer
In the Spanish phase III DART01/05 GICOR trial reported in Lancet Oncology, Zapatero and colleagues found that long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) increased biochemical disease-free survival and overall survival vs short-term ADT when combined with high-dose radiotherapy in men with...
CLEOPATRA Study: Significant Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Swain et al, the final prespecified overall survival analysis in the phase III CLEOPATRA study showed a significant 15.7-month increase in median overall survival over 50 months of follow-up with the addition of pertuzumab (Perjeta) to...
Study Finds Improved Survival for Young Patients With Brain Metastases Who Receive Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
Cancer patients with limited brain metastases (one to four tumors) who are 50 years old and younger should receive stereotactic radiosurgery without whole-brain radiotherapy, according to a study by Saghal et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics....
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
Patients who received chemotherapy after bladder cancer surgery demonstrated an approximately 30% lower risk of death than those who underwent surgery alone, according to an analysis presented by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai at the 2015 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, ...
NRAS Mutations in Advanced Melanoma Correlate With Increased Benefit From Immunotherapies
Researchers investigating whether tumor genotype correlates with benefit from immune therapy in melanoma has found that patients whose tumors had NRAS mutations had better response to immunotherapy and better outcomes than patients whose tumors had other genetic subtypes. The results suggest that...
Study Finds Immunohistochemistry Is More Effective Than FISH in Detecting EML4-ALK Rearrangments in Lung Cancer
A retrospective study by Pekar-Zlotin et al investigating fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting EML4-ALK rearrangement in patients with lung cancer has found that FISH may miss a significant number of patients who tested positive with...
Active Surveillance of Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Associated With Decreased Survival
An analysis of data on 945 patients with prostate cancer that is managed with active surveillance shows differences in outcomes depending on whether the patient was low or intermediate risk at diagnosis. Compared to patients with low-risk disease, those with intermediate-risk cancer (PSA > 10...
Men Who Have Had Testicular Cancer May Be More Likely to Develop Prostate Cancer
A case-control study of close to 180,000 men suggests that the incidence of prostate cancer is higher among men with a history of testicular cancer (12.6%) than among those without a history of testicular cancer (2.8%). Men who have had testicular cancer were also more likely to develop...
Inconclusive Outcome for Lapatinib vs Trastuzumab Plus Capecitabine in Preventing CNS Metastases as First Relapse Site in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III CEREBEL study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pivot et al compared lapatinib (Tykerb)-capecitabine vs trastuzumab (Herceptin)-capecitabine in the prevention of central nervous system (CNS) metastases as first relapse site in patients with metastatic HER2-positive...
Androgen Receptor Abnormality May Not Be Associated With Primary Resistance to Taxane Chemotherapy
Findings from a small prospective study suggest that androgen receptor V7 (or AR-V7) status does not significantly affect response to taxane chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Treatment outcomes were largely similar for the 17 patients with...
FDA Approves Panobinostat Combination for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved panobinostat (Farydak) in combination with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Panobinostat is the first histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved to treat multiple myeloma. It is...
Classic vs Rare EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Have Distinct Epidemiology, Clinical Implications
Certain rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with tobacco smoking, worse prognosis, and poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, compared with more common, classic EGFR mutations. However, as not all rare mutations are the same, testing and therapy...
Final 8-Year Analysis of Intergroup Trial Shows Survival Benefit With Addition of Radiotherapy to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer
In the final prespecified analysis of an Intergroup trial (NCIC Clinical Trials Group PR.3/Medical Research Council PR07/Intergroup T94-0110) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mason et al found that overall survival and cancer-specific survival at 8 years were significantly greater with ...
Prior Cancer Does Not Affect Outcomes Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Analysis of data from 102,929 patients with stage IV lung cancer found that “prior cancer does not convey an adverse effect on clinical outcomes, regardless of prior cancer stage, type, or timing.” Based on these findings, investigators from the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center,...
Improved Prognosis for Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer With Large Reductions in Mammographic Density After Tamoxifen Initiation
Improved prognosis for women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer who experience a large reduction in mammographic density following the initiation of tamoxifen treatment extends to premenopausal as well as postmenopausal women, researchers reported in the Journal of the National...
Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations Are Common Among Women With Early Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy
Emergency room visits and hospitalizations are common among patients with early breast cancer receiving chemotherapy, particularly among those receiving a regimen containing docetaxel, according to a report by Enright et al in the Journal of Oncology Practice. “In this population-based cohort ...
Patient Request/Demand for Clinically Inappropriate Intervention Uncommon in Outpatient Setting
Increases in medical costs are often attributed to ‘demanding’ patients. In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Gogineni et al found that approximately 9% of patient encounters in outpatient oncology clinics included patient demands or requests for tests or treatment, that the majority...
Lower 30-Day Mortality, Increased Likelihood of Chemotherapy With Laparoscopic vs Open Colectomy for Stage III Colon Cancer
“In routine clinical practice, laparoscopic colectomy is associated with lower 30-day mortality, shorter length of stay, and greater likelihood of adjuvant chemotherapy initiation among stage III colon cancer patients when compared with open colectomy,” according to an analysis of data...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
FDA Analysis Explores Relationship Between Response Rate and Survival at Trial and Patient Levels in Advanced NSCLC Studies
In a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analysis of randomized trials in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Blumenthal et al found a strong correlation between response rate and progression-free survival at the trial level and a...
FDA Grants Cobimetinib Priority Review for Use in Combination With Vemurafenib in Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted and granted Priority Review for Genentech’s New Drug Application (NDA) for cobimetinib in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) for the treatment of people with BRAF V600 mutation–positive advanced melanoma. The FDA will make a...
FDA Approves Lenalidomide in Combination With Dexamethasone for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has expanded the existing indication for lenalidomide (Revlimid) in combination with dexamethasone to include patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone was previously approved in June 2006 for use in multiple myeloma...
Reduction in Late Toxicities With Preoperative Image-Guided Radiation Therapy to Reduced Target Volume in Patients With Extremity Sarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Wang et al, the incidence of late toxicity among patients with extremity soft-tissue sarcoma receiving preoperative image-guided radiotherapy to a reduced target volume in the phase II Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0630 trial was lower...
Survivors of Childhood Cancer at Risk for Developing Hormone Deficiencies as Adults
Decades after undergoing cranial irradiation for childhood cancer, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital investigators found that adult survivors of pediatric cancer remain at risk for pituitary hormone deficiencies, which may diminish their health and quality of life. Chemaitilly et al published...
12-Year Study Suggests Procedures to Prevent Cervical Cancer Do Not Affect Fertility
Common surgical procedures used to diagnose and treat precancerous cervical lesions do not decrease women's chances of becoming pregnant, according to a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente Northwest, which followed nearly 100,000 women for up to 12 years. In fact, researchers found that women ...
Higher Folate Intake Associated With Reduced Risk of Hormone Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Women
In an analysis from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, de Batlle and colleagues found reduced risks of estrogen receptor–negative and progesterone receptor–negative breast cancer for highest...
TP53 Mutations Common in Pediatric Adrenocortical Carcinoma
In a Children’s Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wasserman et al found that germline TP53 mutations are common in children with adrenocortical carcinoma, with mutations encoding proteins with greater loss of function being at increased risk of multiple...
‘Frailty Profile’ Predicts Survival and Toxicities Among Elderly Patients With Multiple Myeloma
A frailty score predicts mortality and the risk of toxicity in elderly patients with multiple myeloma and can be used to determine more suitable therapies for these patients, the International Myeloma Working Group reported in Blood. “Chronologic age, performance status, and physician's...
Chemotherapy Trials for Advanced Cancers of the Lung and Pancreas Overestimate Survival for Elderly Medicare Patients
Results of clinical trials evaluating chemotherapy regimens for advanced pancreatic cancer and lung cancers “tended to correctly estimate survival for Medicare patients aged 65 to 74 years, but to overestimate survival for older Medicare patients by 6 to 8 weeks,” Lamont et al reported...
Use of Combined-Modality Therapy vs Chemotherapy Alone in Early Hodgkin Lymphoma Affected by Sex, Race, Distance to Treatment, and Insurance
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Olszewski et al found that numerous factors affected use of combined-modality therapy vs chemotherapy alone in early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma, including sex, race, insurance, and distance to treatment facility. Study Details The study...
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Not Noninferior to Standard Radiotherapy in Acute Toxicity in Phase III Prostate Cancer Trial
In the Dutch phase III HYPRO trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Aluwini et al found that hypofractionated radiotherapy was not noninferior to standard fractionated radiotherapy in acute genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity in men with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer. Efficacy...
FDA Approves Lenvatinib for Progressive Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted approval to lenvatinib (Lenvima) to treat patients with progressive, differentiated thyroid cancer whose disease progressed despite receiving radioactive iodine therapy. Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds to multiple sites...
Durable Remissions With Brentuximab Vedotin in Patients With CD30-Positive Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
A phase II, open-label study evaluating the efficacy of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris), an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, found that among 48 evaluable patients with CD30-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 21 (44%) had objective responses. This total included 8 patients (17%) with complete ...
Sunitinib Active in Platinum-Refractory Thymic Carcinoma
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Thomas et al found that sunitinib (Sutent) was active in patients with platinum-refractory thymic carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label study, 23 evaluable patients with thymic carcinoma and 16 with thymoma who had disease progression...
Nutrient-Wide Association Study Shows Increased Coffee Intake May Be Associated With Lower Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Women who drank about four cups of coffee per day appeared to have decreased endometrial cancer risk compared with those who drank less than a cup each day, according to a study published by Merritt et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A New Approach “We used a...
Lenvatinib Shows Promise for Patients With Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer in Phase III Study
In a phase III study led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the oral antiangiogenic therapy lenvatinib has shown dramatic improvement in progression-free survival in patients with advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. Their findings are published by...
Japanese Phase III Trial Shows No Survival Benefit of First-Line Weekly Cisplatin/Docetaxel vs Docetaxel in Elderly Patients With Advanced NSCLC
In a Japanese phase III trial (Intergroup Trial JCOG0803/WJOG4307L) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abe et al found no overall survival benefit of weekly cisplatin/docetaxel vs standard docetaxel in the first-line treatment of elderly patients with advanced non–small cell lung...
Scientists Identify Genetic Variations Linked to Treatment-Related Hearing Loss in Young Patients With Cancer
Using a genome-wide associated study approach, researchers have identified inherited genetic variations in the ACYP2 gene that were linked to as much as a fourfold greater risk of rapid hearing loss in young patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. The study...
Adding Sorafenib to Standard Therapy of No Benefit in Advanced Ovarian Cancer, Study Reveals
In a study of women with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, the addition of sorafenib (Nexavar) to traditional paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy resulted in no greater efficacy and increased toxicity, according to a report by Hainsworth et al in Cancer Medicine. The investigators suggested that...
Active Smoking Increases Mortality in Nonmetastatic Colorectal Cancer, Both Pre- and Postdiagnosis
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yang et al found that current smoking was associated with increased colorectal cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among colorectal cancer patients in both the prediagnosis and postdiagnosis settings. Study Details The study...
Higher Than Expected Incidence of Marrow Neoplasms after Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wolff et al found a low but higher-than-expected incidence of marrow neoplasms in patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy for breast cancer. The study used the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Breast Cancer...
Overall Survival Analysis of LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 Indicates Improvement With Afatinib in Subgroup of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer
In an analysis of overall survival in the phase III LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yang et al found no significant difference between afatinib (Gilotrif) vs pemetrexed (Alimta)-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 3) or vs gemcitabine-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 6) in previously...
Interval Cancers Are More Aggressive in Nondense Breasts vs Screen-Detected Cancers
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Holm et al found that interval cancers in women with low mammographic density breasts were more aggressive vs screen-detected cancers in these women and vs interval cancers in women with dense breasts. Use of hormone replacement...
Women Who Undergo Delayed Breast Reconstruction May Experience More Cancer‑Related Distress Than Women Who Undergo Mastectomy Alone
In women who have undergone mastectomy, those who underwent delayed breast reconstruction experienced greater cancer-related distress over the long term compared with women who underwent mastectomy alone, according to a prospective study by Metcalfe et al in the Journal of Surgical Oncology. For...
Genetic Screening Deemed Cost-Effective in
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Multiplexed genetic screening for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements, and subsequent biomarker-guided treatment, is cost-effective compared with standard chemotherapy treatment without any molecular testing in the metastatic...
Omitting Radiotherapy Ups Local Recurrence Risk in Older Women With Low-Risk Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Endocrine Therapy
In a phase III trial to assess whether whole-breast irradiation could be omitted in women aged ≥ 65 years with early-stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment, Kunkler et al found increased risk of local recurrence in women not receiving...
