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Showing 16251 - 16300More Than 1.5 Million Cancer Deaths Averted During 2 Decades of Dropping Mortality
The American Cancer Society’s annual cancer statistics report found that a 22% drop in cancer mortality over 2 decades led to the avoidance of more than 1.5 million cancer deaths that would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. And while cancer death rates have declined in every state,...
FDA Approves Nivolumab for Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (Opdivo) for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma who no longer respond to other drugs. Nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, is intended for patients who have been previously treated with ipilimumab...
Worse Anxiety/Depression Symptoms in Patients Adopting ‘Helper’ Role in Breast Cancer Internet Support Group
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lepore et al found that patients assigned a helper role in a breast cancer Internet support group had worse anxiety/depression symptoms after completion of the intervention than those not assigned a helper role. Study Details In the study,...
Bisphosphonates May Help Prevent Endometrial Cancer
A new analysis suggests that women who use bisphosphonates have about half the risk of developing endometrial cancer as women who do not use the drugs. The findings by Alford et al, published early online in Cancer, supports other research that has shown an anticancer effect of this type of...
FDA Approves Companion Diagnostic for the Detection of BRCA1/2 Mutations in Ovarian Cancer
Today’s approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of olaparib (Lynparza) occurred concurrently with that of a companion diagnostic, BRACAnalysis CDx. This genetic test is designed to detect the presence of mutations in the BRCA genes in blood samples from patients with ovarian...
Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals a High Number of Genomic Mutations in Advanced Malignant Plural Mesothelioma
Next-generation sequencing in malignant pleural mesothelioma tumors shows a complex mutational setting with a high number of genetic alterations in genes involved in DNA repair, cell survival, and cell proliferation pathways, according to a study by Lo Iacono et al in the Journal of Thoracic...
Study Identifies Mechanism Behind Genetic Abnormality That Accelerates Growth of Ewing Sarcoma
The genetic abnormality that drives the bone cancer Ewing sarcoma operates through two distinct processes, both activating genes that stimulate tumor growth and suppressing those that should keep cancer from developing. The findings by Riggi et al, published in Cancer Cell, may lead to new...
Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Resection May Benefit Some Patients With NSCLC of the Superior Sulcus
In a retrospective study of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of the superior sulcus, induction chemoradiotherapy followed by resection provided complete or partial response in over 50% of subjects, according to a report by Truntzer et al in Radiation Therapy. However, the...
High and Increasing 30-Day Hospital Readmission After Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Cancer in Medicare Population
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Eskander et al found that rates of 30-day hospital readmission after surgery for advanced ovarian cancer are high and have increased significantly in recent years. In the study, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare ...
Long Noncoding RNAs Are a Novel Prognostic Marker in Older Patients With Acute Leukemia
A new study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) describes a novel marker that might help doctors choose the least toxic, most effective treatment for many...
No Overall Survival Difference for Immediate vs Deferred Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In the phase III EORTC 30994 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sternberg et al found no overall survival difference between immediate and delayed adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Immediate treatment was...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy May Provide Survival Advantage in Patients With T1 Node-Positive Colon Cancer
In an analysis of patients with T1 node-positive colon cancer who had previous surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy provided a significant survival advantage, according to a study by Ganapathi et al in Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. However, the investigators noted that a significant minority of this...
Racial Disparities in Colon Cancer Survival Linked to Advanced Disease and Comorbidities at Diagnosis
Racial disparities in colon cancer survival rates may be explained by differences in the health of the patients at diagnosis—both in the stage of the cancer and comorbid conditions—rather than by differences in subsequent treatment, a new study has found. Focusing efforts on prevention...
SABCS 2014: BOLERO-3: Everolimus Plus Trastuzumab/Paclitaxel Misses the Mark in First-Line HER2 Advanced Breast Cancer
The addition of everolimus to weekly trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus paclitaxel did not improve outcomes in the phase III BOLERO-1/TRIO-019, but did provide a “signal” in the hormone receptor–negative subset. The study was reported at the 2014 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium by...
SABCS 2014: Adding Carboplatin to Neoadjuvant Therapy Increases Pathologic Complete Response Rates Across Subtypes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Among women with triple-negative breast cancer, both basal-like and non–basal-like tumors were equally likely to demonstrate a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but they responded differently to exposure to carboplatin and bevacizumab (Avastin), in an analysis of the...
Nivolumab Shows Activity in Previously Treated Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Motzer et al found that the PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody nivolumab was associated with antitumor activity and manageable toxicity at three dose levels in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who had...
SABCS 2014: High Tumor Immune Cell Levels May Identify HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Who Might Benefit From Chemotherapy Alone
Women with HER2-positive breast cancer who had high levels of immune cells in their tumors had a decreased risk of cancer recurrence after treatment with chemotherapy alone compared with their counterparts who had low levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, according to data presented at the...
SABCS 2014: Pembrolizumab Holds Promise in Breast Cancer, Early Studies Suggest
Single-agent treatment with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced a “signal of activity” and led to some durable response, in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, Rita Nanda, MD, of the University of Chicago, reported at the 2014 San Antonio Breast...
SABCS 2014: PI3K Inhibition With Pictilisib in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Not Ready for Prime Time
Interest is high in studying the PI3K pathway in hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, but it is not clear which of the PI3K inhibitors under development—if any—will be a “home run.” Adding the pan-class I selective PI3K inhibitor pictilisib to fulvestrant...
ASH 2014: Oral Inhibitor Shows Clinical Activity in Poor-Prognosis AML
An oral targeted drug has shown encouraging activity and tolerable side effects in patients with treatment-resistant or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a poor-prognosis group with few options, reported investigators from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and The University of Texas MD...
ASH 2014: Common Genetic Variations May Contribute to Treatment-Related Cognitive Problems in Children With Leukemia
Common variations in four genes related to brain inflammation or cells′ response to damage from oxidation may contribute to the problems with memory, learning, and other cognitive functions seen in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to a study presented at the...
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Shows Activity in Metastatic Urothelial Bladder Cancer
As reported in a letter to Nature by Powles et al, the anti–PD ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody MPDL3280A has shown good activity in patients with metastatic urothelial bladder cancer in a phase I study. Outcomes were best in patients with PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of 2 or 3 in...
ASH 2014: High Hopes for AG-221 in Advanced Leukemia
Although the data are preliminary, single-agent AG-221 therapy targeted to the IDH2 mutation holds great promise as a nonchemotherapy approach for the treatment of advanced hematologic malignancies, including relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and untreated AML. The findings were...
ASH 2014: Combination Therapy Shown to Be Effective for Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome and AML
A phase II study investigating the potential of the drugs azacitidine and lenalidomide (Revlimid) demonstrated that the two therapies in combination may be an effective frontline treatment regimen for patients with higher-risk forms of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The...
ASH 2014: Pediatric Leukemia Treatment Regimens Lead to Improved Outcomes in Adolescents, Young Adults
Results from a large prospective study suggest that children and young adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) may respond better to a chemotherapy regimen pioneered in pediatric patients. The findings were presented at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
ASH 2014: PD-1 Blockade Moves Into Hematology
The promise of the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors seen in solid tumors, especially melanoma, may hold true for at least one hematologic malignancy, according to studies presented at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition. At a press briefing,...
ASH 2014: HIV-Related Lymphoma Can Be Safely Treated With Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related relapsed/refractory lymphoma can safely undergo autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, according to results of a phase II multicenter trial. At many centers, patients with HIV-related lymphoma are currently excluded from this potentially...
‘Wound Response’ of Cancer Stem Cells May Explain Chemoresistance in Bladder Cancer
A novel mechanism—similar to how normal tissue stem cells respond to wounding—might explain why bladder cancer stem cells actively contribute to chemoresistance after multiple cycles of chemotherapy drug treatment. Targeting this “wound response” of cancer stem cells can...
Intensified Chemotherapy Based on Tumor Marker Decline May Improve Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Poor-Prognosis Germ Cell Tumors
In the phase III GETUG 13 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al found that treatment intensification based on early tumor marker decline resulted in a numeric and borderline statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival in patients with poor-prognosis germ cell...
Cigarette Smoking Associated With Changes in Inflammation Markers
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Shiels et al found significant changes in levels of inflammatory/immune markers in current cigarette smokers vs nonsmokers. There was a significant relationship between time since quitting and return to nonsmoker levels for...
Telomere Length Genes Are Associated With Melanoma Risk
Longer telomeres have been associated with increased risk of melanoma. In a GenoMEL Consortium genome-wide association study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Iles et al found that several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with leukocyte telomere...
No Disease-Free Survival Differences Among Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide Plus Paclitaxel Regimens in High-Risk Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In the phase III SWOG S0221 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Budd et al found no differences in disease-free survival among four different doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide plus paclitaxel regimens in patients with node-positive or high-risk node-negative breast cancer. A subgroup...
FDA Approves Ruxolitinib to Treat Patients With Polycythemia Vera
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved a new use for ruxolitinib (Jakafi) to treat patients with polycythemia vera, a chronic type of bone marrow disease. Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, is the first drug approved by the FDA for this condition. Polycythemia vera occurs when too...
Effect of Computer-Aided Detection in Mammography Screening on Cost and DCIS Diagnosis in Medicare Population
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Surgery, Fenton et al found that a sizable proportion of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnoses are attributable to computer-aided detection in mammography screening in the Medicare population and that use of computer-aided detection in this...
FDA Approves Blinatumomab to Treat Rare Form of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to blinatumomab (Blincyto) for the treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome–negative, relapsed or refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL). Blinatumomab is a bispecific...
Bisphosphonates May Block the Development of HER-Driven Tumors, Preventing Breast, Lung, and Colon Cancers
Two studies have found that bisphosphonates may be effective in preventing certain cancers—including lung, breast, and colon—by blocking abnormal growth signals passed through HER family receptors. The studies suggest that bisphosphonates, the most commonly prescribed medications for...
Despite Popularity of Alternative Medicine, Most U.S. Oncologists Do Not Discuss Herb and Supplement Use With Their Patients
Available data indicate that a majority of cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lee et al found that oncologists responding to a survey on herb and supplement use did not discuss herb and supplement use with most of...
FDG-PET Predicts Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the French phase II AVATAXHER trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Coudert et al found that 18F–fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) predicted complete response to trastuzumab (Herceptin)/docetaxel neoadjuvant therapy and that adding bevacizumab (Avastin) in...
Addition of Vosaroxin to Cytarabine Demonstrates Antileukemic Activity in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
In a phase Ib/II study of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the addition of vosaroxin to cytarabine demonstrated antileukemic activity and an acceptable risk-benefit profile, according to a study by Lancet et al in Haematologica. Based on the findings from this...
FDA Warns Against Using Laparoscopic Power Morcellators to Treat Uterine Fibroids
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced that it is taking immediate steps to help reduce the risk of spreading unsuspected cancer in women being treated for uterine fibroids. In an updated safety communication, originally issued in April 2014, the FDA warned against using...
Adult Survivors of Retinoblastoma Experience Few Cognitive or Social Setbacks
Adult survivors of retinoblastoma, a type of eye cancer that usually develops in early childhood, have few cognitive or social problems decades following their diagnosis and treatment, according to a study by Brinkman et al published in Cancer. The findings offer good news for patients, but the...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors May Work in Brain Cancers
New evidence that immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in glioblastoma and brain metastases was presented today at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology 2014 in Geneva (Abstract 1O). The novel research shows that brain metastases of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, providing an immunoactive...
Novel Genomic Signature Predicts Postcystectomy Recurrence in High-Risk Bladder Cancer
As reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Mitra et al have identified a novel genomic-based signature that improves prediction of postcystectomy recurrence in patients with high-risk bladder cancer. Use of the signature could help guide selection of patients for adjuvant therapy...
FDA Approves Extended-Release, Single-Entity Hydrocodone Product With Abuse-Deterrent Properties
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved hydrocodone bitartrate (Hysingla ER), an extended-release opioid analgesic to treat pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate. The product...
PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score Helps Predict Late Distant Recurrence After 5 Years of Endocrine Treatment for Breast Cancer
In a combined analysis of outcomes in the translational research cohort of the Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination trial (TransATAC) and the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group 8 (ABCSG 8) trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sestak and colleagues found that the ...
Galeterone Shows Activity in Variant Form of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Results from the ARMOR2 of the anticancer drug galeterone shows that it is successful in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with a variant form castration-resistant prostate cancer. The findings, presented at the 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer...
Patients With Advanced Papillary Kidney Cancer Respond Well to Bevacizumab/Erlotinib Combination Therapy
Researchers have found that patients with an advanced form of kidney cancer, for which there is no standard treatment and a very poor prognosis, respond well to a combination of two existing anticancer drugs. The combination of bevacizumab (Avastin) and erlotinib (Tarceva) produced excellent...
Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Sun Behaviors May Influence Future Melanoma Risk
The combination of different patterns of sun exposure experienced by children and biomarkers of melanoma risk, such as the number of freckles or moles that develop as a result, may play a large role in future melanoma risk, a study investigating gene and environmental interactions has found....
FDA Approves Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Platinum-Resistant, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bevacizumab (Avastin) in combination with paclitaxel, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, or topotecan for the treatment of patients with platinum-resistant, recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. AURELIA Trial ...
Outcomes With Lobectomy, Sublobar Resection, and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy in Medicare Patients With Early-Stage NSCLC
In a study on use of the most common definitive therapies for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Medicare patients reported in JAMA Surgery, Shirvani et al found that lobectomy was associated with improved outcome vs sublobar resection and that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy may be of...
