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Showing 1551 - 1600Study Finds More Selective Ordering of Breast Biomarker Tests Could Save Millions in Health-Care Dollars
A review of medical records for almost 200 patients with breast cancer suggests that more selective use of biomarker testing for such patients has the potential to save millions of dollars in health-care spending without compromising care, according to Johns Hopkins researchers. Specifically,...
Phase II Trial Indicates No Benefit of Sorafenib, Temsirolimus, or Bevacizumab Doublets vs Bevacizumab Alone in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial (BEST; ECOG-ACRIN E2804) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Flaherty et al found that adding the VEGFR inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) or the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (Torisel) to the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab (Avastin) or using sorafenib-temsirolimus in...
High Graft CD8 Cell Dose Predicts Improved Survival in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation With Reduced-Intensity Conditioning
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Reshef et al found that high graft CD8 cell dose was associated with improved overall survival among patients with hematologic malignancy receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning....
Addition of Necitumumab to First-Line Gemcitabine-Cisplatin Improves Overall Survival in Stage IV Squamous NSCLC
In the phase III SQUIRE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Thatcher et al found that the addition of the second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody necitumumab to first-line gemcitabine-cisplatin improved overall survival among patients with stage IV squamous...
ASCO 2015: Pembrolizumab Produces Clinically Meaningful Response in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer
Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced a clinically meaningful overall response rate in a study among 132 patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The overall objective response rate was 24.8%, and 57% of patients experienced some tumor...
Hedgehog Inhibitor Sonidegib Active in Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma
In the phase II BOLT trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Migden et al found that the hedgehog pathway signaling inhibitor sonidegib produced responses in patients with locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma at 200-mg and 800-mg dose levels. The lower dose appeared to be associated...
ASCO Releases Proposal for Payment Reform to Support Higher-Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care
Expanding on the Consolidated Payments for Oncology Care (CPOC) payment model circulated last year to improve the quality and affordability of care for patients with cancer, ASCO’s new Patient-Centered Oncology Payment: Payment Reform to Support Higher Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care...
Safety of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Without Hematopoietic Support in Jehovah’s Witnesses With Hematologic Malignancies
In a single-center study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ford et al found that autologous stem cell transplantation can be safely performed without hematopoietic support in Jehovah’s Witnesses with hematologic malignancies. Jehovah’s Witnesses traditionally refuse...
Circulating Tumor DNA Is a Promising Biomarker for Progression in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Roschewski et al found that interim monitoring of circulating tumor DNA in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma distinguished more and less rapid progression and that surveillance monitoring identified recurrence well before clinical evidence was...
Addition of Ramucirumab to Second-Line FOLFIRI Improves Overall Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the phase III RAISE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tabernero et al found that the addition of the antiangiogenic anti-VEGFR2 antibody ramucirumab (Cyramza) to second-line FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan) improved overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal...
Improved Quality Metrics for Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy With Increased Performance
In a retrospective single-institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Boone et al found significant improvements in blood loss, incidence of conversion to open surgery, pancreatic fistula incidence, and operative time with increased number of patients treated with robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy....
Circulating Tumor DNA in Blood May Predict Recurrence in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
A study assessing whether circulating tumor DNA encoding the clonal immunoglobulin gene sequence could be detected in the serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has found that surveillance circulating tumor DNA enabled detection of microscopic disease before it could be seen on CT...
No Improvement in Complete Remission Rate With Cytarabine Plus Amonafide L-Malate vs Daunorubicin in Secondary AML
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stone et al found that the combination of cytarabine and amonafide L-malate, a DNA intercalator and non–ATP-dependent topoisomerase II inhibitor, did not improve complete remission rate compared with cytarabine plus...
PET-Adapted Sequential Salvage Therapy With Brentuximab and Augmented ICE Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moskowitz et al found that a salvage strategy involving brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) treatment followed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (PET) and augmented ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) in PET-positive...
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Shows Distribution of Targetable Alterations in Carcinomas of Unknown Primary Site
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Ross et al found potentially targetable genomic alterations in most carcinomas of unknown primary site using comprehensive genomic profiling. Adenocarcinomas of unknown primary site frequently harbored receptor tyrosine kinase/Ras/MAPK pathway alterations....
Left-Sided Primary Tumor Location More Common and Associated With Better Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Loupakis et al found that most treatment-naive patients with metastatic colorectal cancer had left-sided primary tumor location and that left-sided tumor location was associated with improved overall survival. Study Details The...
No Benefit of High- vs Standard-Dose Radiotherapy or for Addition of Cetuximab to Chemoradiation in Stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bradley and colleagues, the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0617 trial showed no survival benefit of high- vs standard-dose radiotherapy or for addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to concurrent paclitaxel-carboplatin chemoradiation in patients with...
Addition of Linifanib to Carboplatin-Paclitaxel Increases Progression-Free Survival and Toxicity in Advanced Nonsquamous NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ramalingam et al found that the addition of the VEGFR and PDGFR inhibitor linifanib to carboplatin-paclitaxel increased progression-free survival in patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The...
Are Physicians Choosing Wisely When Imaging for Distant Metastases in Early-Stage Breast Cancer?
Patients with early-stage breast cancer still undergo imaging for distant metastases despite evidence-based local, national, and international guidelines, and a recommendation from ASCO to avoid such imaging, according to a retrospective review of staging imaging for distant metastases in patients...
Long Noncoding RNAs Are a Novel Prognostic Marker in Older Patients With Acute Leukemia
A new study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) describes a novel marker that might help doctors choose the least toxic, most effective treatment for many...
About 25% of Patients Undergoing Breast-Conservation Surgery for Stage 0 to II Carcinoma Have Subsequent Surgery
“Approximately one-fourth of all patients who undergo initial breast-conservation surgery for breast cancer will have a subsequent operative intervention,” concluded a study published online in JAMA Surgery. “The rate of repeat surgeries varies by patient, tumor, and facility...
Wide Geographic Variation in Use of Laparoscopic Colectomy for Colon Cancer
There has been a dramatic increase in the use of laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer. In a Medicare data study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Reames and colleagues found that use of laparoscopic colectomy varied from 0% to 66.8% across hospital referral regions in the United...
Higher Levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides May Increase the Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence
Prostate cancer survivors with higher levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides had an increased risk for disease recurrence, according to a study by Allott et al. The study findings, coupled with evidence that statin use is associated with reduced recurrence risk, suggest that lipid levels...
Improved Outcomes in Myeloma With High-Dose Melphalan Plus Autologous Transplant and Lenalidomide Maintenance
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Palumbo et al found that consolidation therapy with high-dose melphalan plus autologous stem cell transplantation improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared with melphalan/prednisone/lenalidomide (Revlimid)...
Improved Survival with Adjuvant FOLFOX vs Fluorouracil/Leucovorin After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a Korean phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hong et al found that adjuvant FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin) prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival vs 5-FU/leucovorin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant...
Adding Cediranib to Olaparib Improves Progression-Free Survival and Increases Toxicity in Recurrent Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer
In a randomized phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Liu et al found a significant improvement in progression-free survival and an increase in toxicity with the addition of the antiangiogenic agent cediranib (VEGFR-1,-2,-3 inhibitor) to the PARP inhibitor olaparib in women with recurrent ...
Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Identifies Men Most Likely to Undergo Challenging Study Procedures
Healthy men participating in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial who actively participate in all steps of the clinical trial are most likely to undergo a biopsy, according to a study by Gritz et al published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, ...
Study Identifies New Gene Fusion in Aggressive Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Researchers from the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine have reported new information about the genetic alterations that may contribute to the development of a breast cancer subtype typically associated with more aggressive forms of the disease and higher recurrence...
Metabolic Enzyme Stops Growth of Most Common Type of Kidney Cancer
In an analysis of metabolites in human kidney tissue, a research team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania identified an enzyme key to applying the brakes on tumor growth. The new study, published in Nature by Simon et al, demonstrated that an enzyme called FBP1,...
New Androgen Receptor Inhibitor Shows Activity in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
ODM-201 is a novel androgen receptor inhibitor—structurally distinct from enzalutamide (Xtandi)—that acts via high-affinity binding to the androgen receptor and inhibition of receptor nuclear translocation. In the phase I/II ARADES trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al...
Study Identifies Novel Genomic Changes in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and other centers have identified novel mutations in a well-known cancer-causing pathway in lung adenocarcinoma, the most common subtype of lung cancer. Knowledge of these mutations could potentially identify a...
High-Dose Melphalan Plus Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation as Consolidation Shows Benefit in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma After Previous Transplant
In a UK phase III trial (NCRI Myeloma X Relapse [Intensive] Trial) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cook et al found that high-dose melphalan plus salvage autologous stem cell transplantation significantly prolonged time to progression vs cyclophosphamide in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma...
Cyclophosphamide Noninferior to Ifosfamide as Part of Consolidation Treatment in Standard-Risk Ewing Sarcoma
In a European phase III noninferiority trial (Euro-EWING99-R1) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Le Deley et al found that cyclophosphamide was noninferior in event-free survival vs ifosfamide in combination with vincristine/dactinomycin as consolidation therapy in patients with...
Adding Oxaliplatin to Leucovorin/Fluorouracil Increases Survival in Second-Line Treatment of Gemcitabine-Refractory Pancreatic Cancer
In the German phase III CONKO-003 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Oettle et al found that second-line oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil (5-FU) significantly increased overall survival and time to progression vs leucovorin/5-FU in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer...
Telephone-Based Intervention Produces Weight Loss in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer Receiving Letrozole
Obesity is associated with poorer outcome in women with operable breast cancer. In the LISA study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Goodwin et al found that a 24-month telephone-based intervention was effective in reducing body weight in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving...
Priming Pancreatic Cancer Cells With a Vaccine May Allow Them to Respond to Immunotherapy
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is considered a “nonimmunogenic” neoplasm and does not typically respond to immunotherapy, in part due to a complex tumor microenvironment that provides a formidable barrier to immune infiltration and function. A new study by Lutz et al has found that by ...
Lung-MAP Launches: First Precision Medicine Trial From National Clinical Trials Network
A unique public-private collaboration among the National Cancer Institute (NCI), SWOG Cancer Research, Friends of Cancer Research, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), five pharmaceutical companies (Amgen, Genentech, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and AstraZeneca’s global...
Phase III Trial of Adding Figitumumab to Chemotherapy in Advanced Nonadenocarcinoma NSCLC Stopped Early for Futility and Increased Harm
In the first phase III trial assessing the combination of an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced nonadenocarcinoma non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the addition of the fully human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal...
Modeling Shows Digital vs Film Mammography Screening for Breast Cancer Produces Small Benefit at Increased Cost
A study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Stout et al suggests that the switch from film to digital mammography screening in the United States has produced a small health benefit at increased cost and with an increased false-positive rate. Biennial digital screening...
ASCO 2014: Cediranib Plus Olaparib Significantly Increases Progression-Free Survival in Women With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
The combination of two investigational oral drugs, the PARP inhibitor olaparib and the antiangiogenic drug cediranib, significantly extended progression-free survival and increased the overall response rate compared to olaparib alone in a phase II study among women with recurrent,...
Glutamine Ratio Is Key Indicator of Tumor Aggression in Ovarian Cancer, Study Finds
An analysis of the metabolic profiles of hundreds of ovarian tumors has revealed a new test to determine whether ovarian cancer cells have the potential to metastasize. The study, which was published in Molecular Systems Biology, also suggests how ovarian cancer treatments can be tailored based on...
High Preoperative Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Level Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in Patients With Low HBV DNA
In a Chinese study reported in JAMA Surgery, Huang et al found that preoperative elevated hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) level is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and mortality in patients with low HBV DNA levels undergoing hepatic resection....
Modafinil Not Better Than Placebo for Fatigue in Lung Cancer Patients
In a trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Spathis et al found that that the central nervous system (CNS) stimulant modafinil had no effect on fatigue compared with placebo in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fatigue improved in both groups during the...
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Proves Effective in Women With HIV
Women infected with HIV are disproportionally affected by human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anogenital disease, particularly with increased immunosuppression. In a clinical study of 319 HIV-infected women in the United States, Brazil, and South Africa, researchers assessed the immunogenicity and...
Gene Signatures Identified by Meta-Analysis Predict Survival and Suboptimal Debulking in Late-Stage Ovarian Cancer
As reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Riester et al have identified gene-expression signatures predictive of survival and debulking status in late-stage ovarian cancer. Study Details The study involved meta-analytic techniques using integrated data from 13 publicly...
Study Finds Routine Mammograms Offer Limited Benefit to Oldest Female Patients
Doctors should focus on life expectancy when deciding whether to order mammograms for their oldest female patients, since the harms of screening likely outweigh the benefits unless women are expected to live at least another decade, according to a review published online in JAMA by Walter and...
Preclinical Study Suggests Benefits of Increased Tumor Perfusion and Reduced Tumor Hypoxia With Exercise in Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, McCullough et al used an orthotopic rat model of prostate cancer to assess the effects of exercise on tumor hemodynamics and tissue hypoxia. Their findings of enhanced tumor perfusion and diminished tumor hypoxia suggest that...
Continued Survival Benefits With Radical Prostatectomy in Longer-Term Follow-up in Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-4 Trial
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Bill-Axelson et al, additional long-term follow-up in the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group-4 trial (SPCG-4) continues to show significant benefits of radical prostatectomy vs watchful waiting in early prostate cancer, including reduced risk of ...
Bevacizumab Added to Radiotherapy/Temozolomide Improves Progression-Free Survival but Not Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
In a double-blind phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Chinot et al assessed adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to radiotherapy and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. This was the second of two similar studies published in the February 20 issue of...
Pathologic Complete Response Has Prognostic Value in Breast Cancer, But Is Not Supported as Surrogate for Event-Free or Overall Survival
Pathologic complete response has been proposed as a surrogate endpoint for long-term clinical benefit in breast cancer. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) established the international Collaborative Trials in Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer working group to perform a pooled analysis of...
