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Showing 15151 - 15200SABCS 2014: PI3K Inhibition With Pictilisib in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Not Ready for Prime Time
Interest is high in studying the PI3K pathway in hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, but it is not clear which of the PI3K inhibitors under development—if any—will be a “home run.” Adding the pan-class I selective PI3K inhibitor pictilisib to fulvestrant...
ASH 2014: Common Genetic Variations May Contribute to Treatment-Related Cognitive Problems in Children With Leukemia
Common variations in four genes related to brain inflammation or cells′ response to damage from oxidation may contribute to the problems with memory, learning, and other cognitive functions seen in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to a study presented at the...
ASH 2014: High Hopes for AG-221 in Advanced Leukemia
Although the data are preliminary, single-agent AG-221 therapy targeted to the IDH2 mutation holds great promise as a nonchemotherapy approach for the treatment of advanced hematologic malignancies, including relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and untreated AML. The findings were...
ASH 2014: Pediatric Leukemia Treatment Regimens Lead to Improved Outcomes in Adolescents, Young Adults
Results from a large prospective study suggest that children and young adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) may respond better to a chemotherapy regimen pioneered in pediatric patients. The findings were presented at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
ASH 2014: Blinatumomab Achieves Complete Molecular Responses in Majority of B-Cell Leukemia Patients
Results from the international phase II BLAST study show that one cycle of blinatumomab (Blincyto) immunotherapy achieved complete minimal residual disease response in 78% of patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete minimal residual disease response was...
ASH 2014: HIV-Related Lymphoma Can Be Safely Treated With Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related relapsed/refractory lymphoma can safely undergo autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, according to results of a phase II multicenter trial. At many centers, patients with HIV-related lymphoma are currently excluded from this potentially...
ASH 2014: Strong Showing for Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Myeloma
An investigational new class of drugs, the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, could be the next blockbuster agents in multiple myeloma, experts in this malignancy predicted at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition. Anti-CD38 antibodies target multiple myeloma...
‘Wound Response’ of Cancer Stem Cells May Explain Chemoresistance in Bladder Cancer
A novel mechanism—similar to how normal tissue stem cells respond to wounding—might explain why bladder cancer stem cells actively contribute to chemoresistance after multiple cycles of chemotherapy drug treatment. Targeting this “wound response” of cancer stem cells can...
Approximately 4% of New Cancers Worldwide Attributed to High BMI
In a population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Arnold et al estimated that 3.6% of all new cancers worldwide in 2012 were attributable to high body mass index (BMI). The proportions of such cases were greater in women than in men and in highly developed vs less-developed countries....
FDA Approves Ruxolitinib to Treat Patients With Polycythemia Vera
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved a new use for ruxolitinib (Jakafi) to treat patients with polycythemia vera, a chronic type of bone marrow disease. Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, is the first drug approved by the FDA for this condition. Polycythemia vera occurs when too...
Ixazomib Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Relapsed or Refractory Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy status to Takeda Pharmaceuticals’ investigational, oral proteasome inhibitor, ixazomib (MLN9708), for the treatment of relapsed or refractory systemic light-chain amyloidosis. This is the first proteasome inhibitor...
Surveillance Guidelines Miss 30% of Renal Cell Carcinoma Recurrences After Nephrectomy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stewart et al found that 30% or more of renal cell carcinoma recurrences were missed using National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines for surveillance after surgery for renal cell...
FDA Approves Blinatumomab to Treat Rare Form of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to blinatumomab (Blincyto) for the treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome–negative, relapsed or refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL). Blinatumomab is a bispecific...
Risk-Based Screening Misses Over 75% of Invasive Breast Cancers in Women in Their 40s
A study of breast cancers detected with screening mammography found that strong family history and dense breast tissue were commonly absent in women between the ages of 40 and 49 diagnosed with breast cancer. Results of the study were presented today at RSNA 2014, the annual meeting of the...
Bisphosphonates May Block the Development of HER-Driven Tumors, Preventing Breast, Lung, and Colon Cancers
Two studies have found that bisphosphonates may be effective in preventing certain cancers—including lung, breast, and colon—by blocking abnormal growth signals passed through HER family receptors. The studies suggest that bisphosphonates, the most commonly prescribed medications for...
3D Mammography Improves Cancer Detection in Dense Breasts
A new study presented at RSNA 2014, the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, has found that digital breast tomosynthesis, also known as three-dimensional (3D) mammography, has the potential to significantly increase the cancer detection rate in mammography screening of women ...
DNA Vaccine Targeting Mammaglobin-A Produces Robust Immune Response in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a phase I study, a DNA vaccine targeting the breast cancer–associated antigen mammaglobin-A (MAM-A) was found to be safe and effective in eliciting immune responses in women with metastatic breast cancer. Preliminary evidence also suggests that the vaccine improved progression-free...
More Than 40% of U.S. Women Have Mammographically Dense Breasts
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Sprague et al found that more than 40% of U.S. women have mammographically dense breasts, with the prevalence being inversely proportional to age and body mass index (BMI). As noted by the authors: “National legislation is...
Addition of Vosaroxin to Cytarabine Demonstrates Antileukemic Activity in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
In a phase Ib/II study of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the addition of vosaroxin to cytarabine demonstrated antileukemic activity and an acceptable risk-benefit profile, according to a study by Lancet et al in Haematologica. Based on the findings from this...
FDA Warns Against Using Laparoscopic Power Morcellators to Treat Uterine Fibroids
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today announced that it is taking immediate steps to help reduce the risk of spreading unsuspected cancer in women being treated for uterine fibroids. In an updated safety communication, originally issued in April 2014, the FDA warned against using...
Adult Survivors of Retinoblastoma Experience Few Cognitive or Social Setbacks
Adult survivors of retinoblastoma, a type of eye cancer that usually develops in early childhood, have few cognitive or social problems decades following their diagnosis and treatment, according to a study by Brinkman et al published in Cancer. The findings offer good news for patients, but the...
High-Dose Interleukin-2 Effective in Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Pretreated With VEGF-Targeted Therapies
High-dose interleukin-2 can be effective in selected metastatic renal cell cancer patients pretreated with VEGF-targeted agents, according to research presented recently at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology in Geneva (Abstract 4O). “Despite the wide and increasing range of therapies...
Two- vs One-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation Does Not Improve 1-Year Overall Survival in Children and Adolescents With Hematologic Cancers
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Wagner et al found that use of two units vs one unit of umbilical cord blood in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation did not improve 1-year overall survival in children and adolescents with hematologic cancers. Use of...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors May Work in Brain Cancers
New evidence that immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in glioblastoma and brain metastases was presented today at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology 2014 in Geneva (Abstract 1O). The novel research shows that brain metastases of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, providing an immunoactive...
FDA Approves Extended-Release, Single-Entity Hydrocodone Product With Abuse-Deterrent Properties
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved hydrocodone bitartrate (Hysingla ER), an extended-release opioid analgesic to treat pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate. The product...
Researchers Identify Biomarker of Response to New Ovarian Cancer Drug
Researchers have found a way to identify which ovarian cancer patients are likely to respond well to a new anticancer drug called rucaparib. Previous clinical trials have shown that women with platinum-sensitive tumors with BRCA1/2 mutations respond well to rucaparib. In new findings presented...
Galeterone Shows Activity in Variant Form of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Results from the ARMOR2 of the anticancer drug galeterone shows that it is successful in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with a variant form castration-resistant prostate cancer. The findings, presented at the 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer...
Patients With Advanced Papillary Kidney Cancer Respond Well to Bevacizumab/Erlotinib Combination Therapy
Researchers have found that patients with an advanced form of kidney cancer, for which there is no standard treatment and a very poor prognosis, respond well to a combination of two existing anticancer drugs. The combination of bevacizumab (Avastin) and erlotinib (Tarceva) produced excellent...
IDH1 Inhibitor Demonstrates Anticancer Activity in Advanced Leukemia
A phase I trial of the first drug designed to inhibit the cancer-causing activity of a mutated enzyme known as isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1, which is involved in cell metabolism, has shown clinical activity in patients with advanced acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the IDH1 mutation. The...
FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation to BGB324 for Acute Myeloid Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation to BGB324 for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). BGB324 is a first-in-class, highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase. It blocks the epithelial-mesenchymal transition...
Metabolic ‘Reprogramming’ by the p53 Gene Family Leads to Tumor Regression
Scientists have found that altering members of the p53 gene family, known as tumor-suppressor genes, causes rapid regression of tumors that are deficient in or totally missing p53. Study results suggest existing diabetes drugs, which impact the same gene-protein pathway, might be effective for...
ASCO Calls for Major Medicaid Reform to Improve Quality Cancer Care for Low-Income Americans
ASCO issued its new Policy Statement on Medicaid Reform yesterday, which calls for major changes to the program to ensure access to high-quality cancer care for all low-income individuals. The Society’s recommendations call for Medicaid expansion in all 50 states to close coverage gaps,...
No Benefit of Adding Iniparib to Gemcitabine/Carboplatin in Metastatic Triple‑Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, O’Shaughnessy et al found that the addition of iniparib to gemcitabine and carboplatin did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. An exploratory...
Even With Equal Health-Care Access, Cancer Survival Rates Are Worse in American Indians and Alaskan Natives
The 5- and 10-year cancer survival rates were lower among American Indians and Alaskan Natives compared with non-Hispanic whites even when they had approximately equal access to health care, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) conference on The Science ...
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Technique for Pneumonectomy Shown to Be Safe
In the largest series of its kind to date, researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have shown that performing thoracoscopic pneumonectomy, removal of the entire lung through a minimally invasive endoscopic approach, at a high-volume center appears to be safe and may provide pain and...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Gefitinib Increased Response Rates in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Adding interleukin-2 to gefitinib (Iressa) therapy resulted in threefold higher response rates in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study by Bersanelli et al in Cancers. The addition of interleukin-2 enhanced the efficacy of gefitinib without negatively ...
Oral Cancer–Causing HPV May Be Transmitted Through Oral and Genital Contact
A study investigating the prevalence and risk factors of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young men has found a higher prevalence of oral HPV among men who had female partners with an oral and/or genital HPV infection, suggesting that transmission may occur through oral or genital...
Olaparib Treatment Yields Promising Response Rates in Patients With BRCA Mutation–Associated Cancers
Olaparib, an experimental twice-daily oral cancer drug, produced an overall tumor response rate of 26% in several advanced cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, according to a phase II study reported by Kaufman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The positive response provides...
FOLFOXIRI/Bevacizumab Bests FOLFIRI/Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer who received FOLFOXIRI (fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab (Avastin) had improved survival compared to patients who received FOLFIRI (5-FU, leucovorin, irinotecan) plus bevacizumab in a phase III...
New Guidelines Issued on Use of Complementary Therapies for Breast Cancer
More than 80% of breast cancer patients in the United States use complementary therapies following a breast cancer diagnosis, but there has been little science-based guidance to inform clinicians and patients about their safety and effectiveness. In newly published clinical practice guidelines...
Similar Local Tumor Recurrence Rates With Hypofractionated vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast who underwent breast-conserving surgery, hypofractionated radiation therapy was not significantly associated with an increased risk of any local recurrence when compared with conventional radiation therapy, according to the study findings...
Cancer Leaders Call for Congress to Act Quickly in 2015 to Reinvigorate Cancer Innovation in the United States
Even before the next Congress is formally elected, a national group of health-care stakeholders called the Cancer Innovation Coalition (CIC) went to Capitol Hill today to call for early legislative and regulatory action in 2015 that will reinvigorate cancer innovation in the United States. The...
Molecular Tumor Markers Could Reveal New Therapeutic Targets for Lung Cancer Treatment
Analysis of 607 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors and neuroendocrine tumors identified common molecular markers among both groups that could reveal new therapeutic targets for patients with similar types of lung cancer, according to research presented at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary...
No Difference in Survival Rates in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma In Situ vs Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma
Lung cancer patients with minimally invasive adenocarcinoma have similar, positive 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates as patients with adenocarcinoma in situ, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology (Abstract...
Medicare Costs Analysis Indicates Need for Decreasing Use of Biopsies as Diagnosis Tool for Lung Cancer
Biopsies were found to be the most costly tool prescribed in lung cancer diagnosis, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology (Abstract 103). The study examined the utilization rates and estimated the Medicare costs of the lung...
Patients at High-Risk for Lung Cancer Are More Likely to Receive Screening When Primary Care Provider Is Familiar With Guideline Recommendations
Patients at high-risk for developing lung cancer are more likely to receive low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening when their primary care provider is familiar with guideline recommendations for low-dose CT screening for lung cancer, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago...
Higher Levels of Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase Hypermethylation May Correlate With Earlier Stage of Colorectal Cancer
Compared with normal colorectal mucosae, nearly half of colorectal tumors showed medium-to-high levels of lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) hypermethylation, according to the results of a study reported by Cheng et al in Medical Oncology. This finding was noted more frequent in earlier tumor...
New Research Shows Association of Kidney Cancer With Use of Aristolochic Acid
New research by the international Cancer Genomics of the Kidney consortium (CAGEKID) reveals an important connection between kidney cancer and exposure to aristolochic acid, an ingredient in some herbal remedies. The findings, published by Scelo et al in Nature Communications, have important...
Low Mitotic Count Is an Independent Predictor of Survival in Women With Recurrent Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
Although low mitotic count, surgery, and disease-free interval of more than 6 months were associated with improved survival in women with recurrent or persistent uterine leiomyosarcoma, only low number of mitoses was identified as an independent predictor of survival post relapse, according to...
Genomic Sequencing More Efficient in Predicting Breast Cancer Risk Than Previously Thought
Using genomic sequencing data on all currently known genetic alterations in breast cancer, it is possible to identify a woman’s genetic risk for the disease, and this approach can bring greater gains in disease prevention than previously estimated, according to a study reported by Sieh et al...
