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Showing 1451 - 1500Chemotherapy Pretreatment May Boost Effectiveness of CAR T-Cell Therapy in Patients With Lymphoma and Leukemia
A small phase I/IIa study of third-generation CD19 CAR (chimeric-antigen receptor) T-cell therapy combined with chemotherapy pretreatment has resulted in complete responses in 6 of the 11 patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma and leukemia enrolled in the study. Although CAR T-cell...
Long-Term Infusion of Immunotherapy May Reduce Pain in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma
Changing the infusion delivery method of the monoclonal antibody ch14.18/CHO (dinutuximab-beta, the European counterpart of dinutuximab [Unituxin]) in combination with interleukin-2 and oral 13-cis-retinoic acid from short-term infusion to long-term infusion in the treatment of children with...
AACR’s Cancer Progress Report Details Major Advances in Cancer and Rising Costs of Treatment
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2015 Cancer Progress Report highlighted the accelerated pace of the number of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved targeted therapies over the past 5 years, which reached 52 this year; the dramatic increase in the 5-year survival rate...
Study Finds Nearly Half of Testicular Cancer Risk Is Inherited
A large European study that combined both population-based and genomic techniques to investigate the heritability of testicular germ cell tumor has found that 48.9% of all the possible factors contributing to risk for the disease are inherited. Rather than being the result of one faulty gene,...
Combination of Chemotherapy and T-Cell Immunotherapy May Provide Novel Treatment Strategy for Glioblastoma
A preclinical study has found that a combination of decitabine and T-cell immunotherapy demonstrated antitumor activity against glioblastomas in mouse models and was about 50% effective at curing the disease. The results, reported by Everson et al in Neuro-Oncology, show an innovative,...
Study Finds Modified CAR T Cells Can Selectively Target Solid Tumor Cells While Sparing Healthy Cells
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that are currently being tested to treat B-cell malignancies target a specific protein present on leukemia and lymphoma cells, but these immune cells cannot distinguish the cancer cells from healthy cells. However, the side effects from these CAR T cells...
Study Finds Many Women Experience Long-Term Psychosocial Consequences of False-Positive Screening Mammography
Although mammographic screening leads to reductions in breast cancer mortality, some women experience psychosocial side effects and do not benefit from screening, according to a study by Bolejko et al investigating the prevalence and predictors of the psychosocial consequences of false-positive...
Long-Term Use of Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs May Be Associated With Reduced Colorectal Cancer Risk
A large population-based control study of the use of low-dose aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colorectal cancer risk has found that taking 75 mg to 150 mg of aspirin for 5 years or longer was associated with a 27% reduced risk of colorectal cancer. In addition, 5 or more...
Study Identifies Gene Mutations Associated With Aggressive Multiple Myeloma
Using whole-exome sequencing on newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, British researchers identified 15 genes that were significantly mutated in a subset of patients and mapped how these mutations related to long-term survival. They found 90% of patients with very aggressive disease who...
Higher Coffee Intake Associated With Significantly Reduced Cancer Recurrence and Increased Survival in Patients With Late-Stage Colon Cancer
A large observational study investigating the effect of coffee consumption on advanced-stage colon cancer and survival has found that patients who drank four or more cups of coffee a day were 42% less likely to experience a recurrence than non-coffee drinkers and were 33% less likely to die from...
Clinical Scoring System May Help Identify Appropriate Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods
Researchers investigating a risk index for colorectal cancer and advanced precancerous polyps among average-risk people have found that patients classified as low risk had fewer advanced adenomas than patients classified as high risk. Their findings suggest that those at low risk for colorectal...
Study Identifies Genetic Mutations That Predict Response to Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Although cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy is the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, only between 25% and 50% of patients achieve a pathologic response. A study investigating biomarkers that can predict response to chemotherapy in patients with...
Intraperitoneal Plus Intravenous Chemotherapy—an Underused Strategy—May Improve Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer
An observational study investigating the use and effectiveness of a combination regimen of intraperitoneal and intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced-stage ovarian cancer has found that although the dual approach substantially improved survival—81% of those treated with the...
Study Finds Exercise in Adolescence Is Linked to Reduced Mortality From Cancer and All Causes in Later Life
A large, population-based prospective cohort study of about 75,000 women has found that adolescent exercise is associated with reduced risk of death due to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all causes among middle-aged and older women. After adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, the...
Study Shows Palliative Chemotherapy in Patients With End-Stage Cancer Did Not Improve Quality of Life and May Be Harmful
Although palliative chemotherapy is used to improve quality of life for patients with end-stage cancer, a study evaluating its use found that palliative chemotherapy did not improve quality of life near death for patients with a moderate or poor performance status and that it worsened quality of...
Study Finds One-Third of Colorectal Cancers Diagnosed Before Age 35 Are Hereditary
Although the prevalence of genetic risk factors, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis, has been studied in the general population of individuals with colorectal cancer, patients diagnosed as adolescents and young adults are not well represented in colorectal cancer studies. A...
High-Volume Exercise Effectively Cuts Body Fat in Postmenopausal Woman, May Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
A study comparing the effects of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise on body fat in inactive postmenopausal women has found that 300 minutes of vigorous exercise each week was superior in reducing total fat and other adiposity measures, especially in obese women, than shorter amounts of exercise. ...
Study Finds Breast Cancer Survivors Gain More Weight Than Cancer-Free Women
A prospective study examining weight gain in breast cancer survivors compared with cancer-free women from a familial risk cohort has found that, overall, breast cancer survivors gained significantly more weight than cancer-free women of the same age and menopausal status. According to the study...
Preclinical Studies Demonstrate Activity of Type II JAK2 Inhibitor in B-Cell ALL
Laboratory and animal tests of the type II inhibitor CHZ868, which stabilizes the kinase domain in an inactive conformation, are showing that the compound is highly potent against B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) with CRLF2 rearrangements. When combined with dexamethasone, CHZ868 induced ...
Study Identifies Geographic Hot Spots With the Highest Colorectal Cancer Death Rates
Gains have been made in the overall reduction in the death rates of colorectal cancer in the United States. A new study by Siegel et al has identified three distinct geographic hot spots where colorectal cancer death rates remain elevated over other parts of the country. These hot spots were found...
Citrus Fruit Consumption May Be Linked to An Increased Risk of Melanoma
A large population-based prospective analysis of the consumption of psoralen-rich citrus products and the risk of malignant melanoma has found that the melanoma risk was 36% higher in people who consumed citrus fruit or juice at least 1.6 times daily compared with those who consumed it less than...
Study Finds Annual Low-Dose CT Screening Effective in Identifying Precancerous Lung Nodules
A large international prospective study investigating the safety and effectiveness of using annual low-dose computed tomography (CT) as a screening tool to monitor nonsolid lung nodules has found that CT was accurate in identifying nodules that were likely to become cancerous. The study also found...
ASCO Publishes Conceptual Framework to Assess the Value of New Cancer Treatment Options
In a press conference today, ASCO detailed the contents of the initial version of a conceptual framework for assessing the value of new cancer treatment options based on the treatment’s clinical benefit, side effects, and cost. Other important measures, such as quality of life and...
HPV Serum Antibodies May Predict Survival and Disease Progression in Patients With HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
A study by Dahlstrom et al investigating the usefulness of serum antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 DNA antigens as predictors of survival for patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma has found that E1, NE2, and E6 antibody positivity were all strongly associated with improved overall and...
Study Finds ALK1 May Be a Therapeutic Target for Metastatic Breast Cancer
A study investigating the process involved in metastatic breast cancer has found that patients with high levels of the protein activin-like receptor kinase (ALK) 1 in the blood vessels of their tumors were more likely to develop metastatic disease than patients without endothelial expression of...
Investigators Identify Gene That Prevents Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer
Researchers have identified a gene in dendritic cells that disables an effective immune response against ovarian cancer tumors. In preclinical studies, the researchers found that silencing this gene, XBP1, in dendritic cells restores their function and enhances T-cell antitumor immunity. XBP1 is...
Study Finds Prostate Cancer Survivors Who Maintained a Western Diet Had an Increased Risk of Death
A large study evaluating the relationship of dietary patterns with prostate cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer has found that the men who ate a Western-style diet of foods rich in processed meats, red meats, and high-fat dairy...
ASCO 2015: African Americans Prone to Display Negative Perceptions of Cancer-Related Clinical Trials
African American patients have a disproportionately high rate of cancer and yet are less likely than Caucasian patients to participate in oncologic clinical trials that can significantly improve quality of life. Researchers from Fox Chase Cancer Center and Temple University explored the differences ...
ASCO Releases Proposal for Payment Reform to Support Higher-Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care
Expanding on the Consolidated Payments for Oncology Care (CPOC) payment model circulated last year to improve the quality and affordability of care for patients with cancer, ASCO’s new Patient-Centered Oncology Payment: Payment Reform to Support Higher Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care...
American College of Physicians Offers Advice on High-Value Screening in Five Cancers
To provide guidance on high-value cancer care screening strategies, the American College of Physicians (ACP) recently reviewed clinical guidelines issued by various medical organizations for screening strategies in five common cancers for asymptomatic, average-risk adults. The five cancers focused...
Breast Density Should Not Be the Only Criterion for Supplemental Breast Cancer Screening
A large prospective study investigating the association between dense breast tissue and the risk for interval breast cancer has found that breast density alone should not be the sole criterion for recommending supplemental breast imaging, because not all women with dense breasts have high interval...
TAS-102 Significantly Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
A large, phase III international study of the oral agent TAS-102 in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer has found that the therapy improved overall survival by 1.8 months and also delayed disease progression. TAS-102 had few side effects and was also effective in patients...
New Study Finds Racial Differences in Survival Among Men With Breast Cancer
A study by Sineshaw et al has found that black men with early-stage breast cancer who were younger than age 65 had a 76% higher risk of death than whites. However, the disparity was significantly reduced after adjusting for differences in insurance and income, suggesting the importance of...
Long-Term Use of Statins May Reduce Risk of Lung Cancer Death
A large population-based British study of newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer has found that those who had prolonged use of statins, especially simvastatin, had a 19% reduction in lung cancer deaths. Among all patients, those who used statins in the year before their lung cancer diagnosis had ...
American College of Physicians Releases Best Practice Advice for Cervical Cancer Screening in Average-Risk Women
The American College of Physicians (ACP) released its clinical advice for cervical cancer screening in asymptomatic, average-risk women 21 years or older. Women at average risk are defined as those with no history of a precancerous lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or a more severe ...
AZD9291 Shows Durable Responses in Patients With EGFR-Positive Lung Cancers
A clinical trial of the EGFR inhibitor AZD9291 in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had disease progression after previous treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors has found that the drug was highly active—achieving a 95% disease control rate—in...
FDA Announces Clinical Trial Endpoints for Approval of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Drugs
This week, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released its guidance for industry document Clinical Trial Endpoints for the Approval of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Drugs and Biologics, which allows companies to use several types of clinical trial endpoints, including overall survival...
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Clarifies Mammography Recommendations for Women in Their 40s
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued its updated draft recommendation statement on mammography screening guidelines. The revised guidelines still recommend that women aged 50 to 74 get mammography screening for breast cancer every 2 years and now states that the decision to...
Study Finds Large Disparities in Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A large, diverse study of 16,827 adolescents and young adults with differentiated thyroid cancer has found that African Americans and Hispanics were six times and three times more likely, respectively, to die of their cancer than Caucasians. Residing in low-socioeconomic neighborhoods, insurance...
Cancer Experts Find Too Many People Are Being Screened, Diagnosed, and Treated for Disease
A recent commentary published in Annals of Internal Medicine discusses the paradoxical finding that most patients are at below-average risk of disease and can expect to experience less-than-average benefits from a treatment. Yet, argue Vickers et al, too many people are being screened, diagnosed,...
One in Five Medicare Patients With Melanoma Experience Surgical Delays
A large retrospective cohort study of more than 32,000 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with melanoma has found that one in five patients experience a delay of surgery that is longer than 1.5 months. Those patients undergoing biopsy and surgery by dermatologists had the lowest risk for delay, which ...
Study Finds Oncology Drug Pricing Models ‘Not Rational’
A statistical analysis of 51 oncology drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, has found that cancer drug prices are rising faster than the prices in other sectors of health care and that the high cost of the drugs is not...
Circulating Tumor DNA in Blood May Predict Recurrence in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
A study assessing whether circulating tumor DNA encoding the clonal immunoglobulin gene sequence could be detected in the serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has found that surveillance circulating tumor DNA enabled detection of microscopic disease before it could be seen on CT...
Study Finds Both the Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors and the Prevalence of Morbidity Are Increasing
Researchers investigating the prevalence of childhood cancer survivors and the population-level burden of morbidity in these survivors have found that although the number of childhood cancer survivors has increased by nearly 60,000 since 2005, the majority of those who have survived 5 or more years ...
American Gastroenterological Association Releases New Guidelines on the Management of Asymptomatic Neoplastic Pancreatic Cysts
The growing use of sophisticated abdominal imaging techniques, which has led to a marked increase in the findings of incidental pancreatic cysts, has prompted the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) to issue new recommendations in the management of asymptomatic neoplastic pancreatic...
Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Provides Better Understanding of Tumor Evolution and Metastasis
Scientists from the Broad Institute and the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT used CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology to “knock out,” or turn off, all genes across the genome systematically in a mouse model of non–small cell lung cancer cells and then tested...
NIH-Funded Study Suggests Novel Strategy to Improve Vaccine Efficacy in the Treatment of Glioblastoma
Although dendritic cell–based immunotherapy has shown limited promise in the treatment of patients with advanced cancers, including glioblastoma, the factors dictating dendritic cell–based vaccine efficacy have been poorly understood. Now, a clinical trial funded by the National...
Age-Stratified Predictive Model May Provide Surgical Guidelines for Uterine Leiomyomas
A study by Brohl et al investigating the case incidence of unexpected uterine sarcoma following surgery for presumed benign leiomyoma (fibroids or myomas) has found that the risk of unexpected uterine sarcoma varies significantly across age groups, with a more than fivefold difference between the...
AACR Names Nancy E. Davidson, MD, President-Elect for 2015-2016
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) today announced the election of Nancy E. Davidson, MD, Director of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and UPMC CancerCenter in Pittsburgh, as its President-Elect for 2015–2016. Dr. Davidson will officially become President-Elect...
Study Finds Websites That Market Personalized Cancer Care Services Overemphasize Benefits
A recent analysis of 55 Internet websites marketing a broad range of tests and services that promise the ability to personalize cancer treatment has found that the websites often overemphasize their purported benefits and downplay their limitations. In addition, the study results show that the...
