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Showing 1051 - 1100PARP inhibitor Plus Immunotherapy Added to Chemotherapy Lowers Risk of Disease Progression in Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer
Immunotherapy with the anti–PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab improved progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer compared with chemotherapy alone, with further benefits gained from the addition of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in the...
FDA Expands Pediatric Indication for Entrectinib and Approves New Pellet Formulation
On October 20, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to the small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor entrectinib (Rozlytrek) for pediatric patients aged 1 month and older with solid tumors that have a neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusion...
Tislelizumab vs Sorafenib in First-Line Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In the phase III RATIONALE-301 trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Shukui Qin, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that tislelizumab was noninferior to sorafenib in terms of overall survival as first-line treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label...
Efficacy of Radiotherapy in Rhabdomyosarcoma
In an analysis of data from two clinical trials and a soft-tissue sarcoma registry reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Koscielniak et al identified which patients aged ≤ 21 years with localized rhabdomyosarcoma appeared to derive benefit from radiation therapy. Study Details The study...
Blood-Based Testing for Multicancer Early Detection
In a prospective cohort study (PATHFINDER) reported in The Lancet, Deb Schrag, MD, MPH, FASCO, and colleagues evaluated the performance of blood-based testing for multicancer early detection in adults without signs or symptoms of cancer. As stated by the investigators, “Multicancer early detection ...
Almost Half of Oncology Drugs Approved Since 1998 Have Been Precision Therapies, New Study Finds
Among the 198 new oncology drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between 1998 and 2022, approximately 43% of them were precision therapies, according to a recent study published by Suehnholz et al in Cancer Discovery. Background Precision oncology therapies often require...
Combination of Ceralasertib and Durvalumab Shows Activity in Phase II Trial of Advanced NSCLC
The combination of the ATR inhibitor ceralasertib and the immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab has demonstrated notable survival rates and clinical benefits among patients who have advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with RAS mutations, according to data presented at the International...
Breast Cancer 2022–2023 Almanac
The past year has been an exciting time for breast oncologists and patients with all stages of breast cancer, with new agents approved and long-term results from pivotal trials showing improved survival for patients with metastatic disease. Let’s take a look at some of the highlights in early-stage ...
Recent FDA Approvals in Breast Cancer
Over the past year, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval to several novel drugs and expanded indications for older therapeutic agents used in breast cancer. Abemaciclib Plus Endocrine Therapy On March 3, 2023, the FDA expanded the indication for abemaciclib with endocrine...
Overall Survival in Two Monarch Trials of Abemaciclib in Advanced Breast Cancer
Overall survival results from two trials of abemaciclib in advanced breast cancer were reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2022. Both MONARCH 3 and monarcHER previously met their primary endpoints of progression-free survival. The current results for overall...
Can Younger Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Safely Pause Endocrine Therapy to Pursue Pregnancy?
Preserving fertility is a driving concern for many young women with breast cancer. Many of these women have hormone receptor–positive breast cancer and are treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy for 5 to 10 years, which is known to compromise fertility. Younger women who may want to take a break...
Expert Point of View: Polly Niravath, MD and Virginia Kaklamani, MD
The invited discussant of the SOFT analysis was Polly Niravath, MD, Associate Professor and Director of the Cancer Survivorship Program at Houston Methodist Hospital in Texas. She noted that the study evaluated the use of the Breast Cancer Index (BCI) as a prognostic tool in early hormone...
SOFT Analysis: Breast Cancer Index May Identify Which Patients Need Ovarian Suppression
In an analysis of the SOFT trial, the Breast Cancer Index accurately identified premenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer who may benefit from ovarian function suppression in addition to adjuvant endocrine therapy. The findings were reported by Ruth O’Regan, MD, Chair...
Capivasertib Plus Fulvestrant Doubles Progression-Free Survival in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
The combination of capivasertib, an AKT pathway inhibitor, plus fulvestrant, an estrogen receptor antagonist, significantly improved progression-free survival compared with fulvestrant alone in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, according to results of...
Expert Point of View: Debu Tripathy, MD
Debu Tripathy, MD, Professor of Medicine and Chair of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, said that the study points the way to further exploration of the benefit of adding immunotherapy to treatment after patients develop resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors for ...
Palbociclib/Fulvestrant Does Not Improve Progression-Free Survival After Progression on a CDK4/6 Inhibitor in Metastatic Breast Cancer
The combination of palbociclib and fulvestrant did not prolong progression-free survival compared to fulvestrant alone in patients with hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who had disease progression on prior treatment with a CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy,...
T-DXd Confirmed as Preferred Second-Line Therapy for Metastatic HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
The antibody-drug conjugate fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) proved to be superior to the antibody-drug conjugate ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), significantly improving progression-free survival and overall survival, in women with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer as ...
EMERALD Trial: Elacestrant vs Standard Endocrine Monotherapy for Advanced Breast Cancer After CDK4/6 Inhibition
Elacestrant—an investigational oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD)—achieved longer progression-free survival vs standard-of-care endocrine monotherapy as second- or third-line therapy in patients with estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer in the ...
Update From monarchE: Benefit of Abemaciclib Increases Over Time in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Results of a planned interim overall survival analysis of the phase III monarchE trial offered further support for the addition of abemaciclib to adjuvant endocrine therapy for patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative, node-positive, high-risk disease, according to Stephen R.D....
Expert Point of View: Ines Vaz-Luis, MD, PhD
The invited discussant of the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) meta-analysis, Ines Vaz-Luis, MD, PhD, of the Breast Cancer Survivorship Group, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, pointed out that the benefit of ovarian suppression or ablation in reducing breast cancer...
EBCTCG Meta-analysis Confirms Benefit of Ovarian Ablation or Suppression in Preventing Breast Cancer Recurrence
A meta-analysis of randomized trials has revealed a benefit to ovarian ablation or suppression in preventing breast cancer recurrence in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive tumors.1 The findings, based on almost 15,000 women in studies spanning several decades, were presented at the ...
Lung ART Trial: End of the Road for Postoperative Radiotherapy?
Lung cancer is a significant global health issue, remaining the leading cause of cancer-related deaths with 2.1 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for operable early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and resectable stage IIIA...
Can AI Help Identify Kidney Tumors That May Respond to Immunotherapy?
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer, comprising 80% of all malignant tumors found within the kidney. Although some clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumors are sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, currently, there are no measures to predict whether a tumor...
How War Has Disrupted the Management of Patients With Breast Cancer in Sudan
Sudan is the third-largest country in Africa, spanning 1,886,068 km2. It is situated in an area surrounded by North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East. As of 2020, Sudan had a population of approximately 43.8 million people, with a significant proportion being younger than age 15....
Expert Point of View: Michail Ignatiadis, MD, PhD and Stephen R.D. Johnston, MD, PhD
The September 2023 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Virtual Plenary presentation of the NATALEE health-related quality-of-life (QOL) findings was discussed by Michail Ignatiadis, MD, PhD, and Stephen R.D. Johnston, MD, PhD. Dr. Ignatiadis is Director of the Breast Medical Oncology...
NATALEE Trial: Quality of Life Maintained for Many Patients Treated With Ribociclib for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
An analysis of patient-reported outcomes in the adjuvant phase III NATALEE trial of ribociclib plus endocrine therapy in early-stage breast cancer showed maintenance of health-related quality of life (QOL), as determined by a number of factors. For patients receiving the inhibitor of...
IVIG May Reduce Infection Risk Among Patients With Multiple Myeloma Receiving Anti-BCMA Therapy
Although the 5-year survival rate for multiple myeloma has increased over the past 2 decades—from about 35% in 2000 to approximately 62% in 2015—due to more effective therapies, the cancer remains incurable. According to the American Cancer Society, this year, nearly 36,000 individuals will be...
Adjuvant Canakinumab in Completely Resected NSCLC
In the phase III CANOPY-A trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Edward B. Garon, MD, and colleagues found that adjuvant therapy with the interleukin (IL)-1β pathway inhibitor canakinumab did not significantly improve disease-free survival vs placebo in patients with completely resected...
Guideline Update Reflects Recent Surge of New Data in Systemic Therapy for Melanoma
A guideline update on systemic treatment for melanoma offers new guidance in several areas, including the selection of front-line therapy for patients with metastatic disease with and without BRAF mutations, treatment of patients with earlier-stage disease in the adjuvant setting, and emerging...
ASCO and State Affiliates Wrap Up Successful State Sessions
After a fast-paced first half of the year, most state legislatures across the 50 states and Washington, DC, have adjourned for the year. The Association for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and State Affiliates successfully collaborated to advance many shared 2023 state advocacy priorities, including those ...
NUC-1031/Cisplatin Fails to Improve Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
As a first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer, an experimental formulation of gemcitabine, NUC-1031, given with cisplatin failed to improve outcomes over standard gemcitabine/cisplatin in the global phase III NuTide:121 trial.1 “NuTide:121 has not advanced the field in biliary tract...
Checkpoint Inhibitors Offer Limited Benefit in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer After Disease Progression
In advanced non–small cell lung cancer harboring mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors following disease progression with tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been unclear. Several studies reported at the International Association for the Study ...
FLAURA2 Trial: Osimertinib Plus Chemotherapy Improves Outcomes in Advanced EGFR-Positive NSCLC
First-line treatment with osimertinib plus platinum-based chemotherapy achieved a statistically significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival improvement compared with osimertinib alone in patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non–small cell lung...
HER3-Expressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: Patritumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated Patients
In a Japanese-U.S. phase I/II trial (U31402-A-J101) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ian E. Krop, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the HER3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) produced durable responses in previously treated patients with HER3-expressing ...
Individualized SABR for Lung Tumors
In a phase II study (iSABR) reported in JAMA Oncology, Gensheimer et al found that individualized stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for up to four lung cancer tumors was associated with a high degree of local control and the ability to minimize radiation doses. Study Details Two hundred and ...
KRAS G12C Inhibitors: Durability of Response, Efficacy in Combination, in NSCLC
At the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2023 World Conference on Lung Cancer, the benefit of two KRAS G12C inhibitors in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was upheld by the 2-year follow-up analysis of adagrasib in the KRYSTAL-11 and the early-phase CodeBreaK 101...
Dendritic Cell Vaccine Plus Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Myeloma
Although the development of new therapies for multiple myeloma has significantly improved response rates and outcomes for patients with the blood cancer, most patients eventually relapse, including those who initially achieved remission. A phase I study is investigating whether a dendritic cell...
Small Breast Cancer: Omission of Axillary Surgery vs Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
In a noninferiority phase III trial (SOUND) reported in JAMA Oncology, Gentilini et al found that no axillary surgery was noninferior to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in terms of distant disease–free survival among patients with small breast cancer and negative findings on preoperative...
Chemotherapy Shortages Ongoing, According to New Survey
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) has released a follow-up survey on the ongoing chemotherapy shortages, refreshing findings they originally shared in June 2023. According to their results, 72% of the cancer centers surveyed continue to experience a shortage of carboplatin, and 59% ...
From a Sleepy Town in Pakistan, Seema A. Khan, MD, MPH, Emerges as a Leader in Surgical Oncology
In this installment of The ASCO Post’s Living a Full Life series, guest editor Jame Abraham, MD, FACP, spoke with Seema A. Khan, MD, MPH, Professor of Breast Cancer Surgery at Northwestern Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine. Along with her surgical and academic pursuits, Dr. Khan is an active...
Isa-KrD for Transplant-Eligible and -Ineligible High-Risk Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
In an interim analysis of a German phase II trial (MMG-CONCEPT) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Leypoldt et al found that Isa-KrD (isatuximab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) produced high rates of measurable residual disease (MRD) negativity newly diagnosed patients...
Circulating Tumor DNA Identified in Breast Milk From Women With Breast Cancer: First Results Published
Breast milk from women with breast cancer who were diagnosed during pregnancy or postpartum contains circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), according to researchers at the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) in Barcelona. The investigators noted that ctDNA can be detected through liquid biopsy in...
Liquid Biopsies May Be Predictive of Cancer Recurrence Following Chemoradiation in Patients With Cervical Cancer
Two liquid biopsy tests designed to detect the human papillomavirus (HPV) in the blood may accurately identify patients at high risk of cervical cancer recurrence following the completion of chemoradiation, according to new findings presented by Han et al at the 2023 American Society for Radiation...
Precision Medicine Navigators May Increase Genomic Testing Rates Among Black Patients With Prostate Cancer
The presence of precision medicine navigators may increase the likelihood that patients with prostate cancer, especially Black patients, will receive genomic testing that may help predict the severity of their disease and guide treatment, according to findings presented by Allen et al at the 2023...
Hypofractionated vs Conventionally Fractionated Postmastectomy Radiation: FABREC Trial
In a first-of-its-kind study, patients with breast cancer who underwent implant-based breast reconstruction immediately following a mastectomy reported that getting fewer, higher doses of radiation was just as effective as standard radiation, did not increase side effects, and saved them time and...
Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Patients With Primary RCC Unsuitable for Surgery: FASTRACK II
Older adults diagnosed with kidney tumors that are not suitable for surgery may benefit from targeted, high-dose radiation, a new study from Australian and Dutch researchers suggests. A multi-institutional phase II study—TransTasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) FASTRACK II—found 100% local...
Prophylactic Radiation for High-Risk Asymptomatic Bone Metastases
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Erin F. Gillespie, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that prophylactic radiotherapy in patients with high-risk asymptomatic bone metastases from solid tumors reduced the risk of skeletal-related events compared with standard of care. A...
The Future Priorities of the National Cancer Institute
Fifty-two years ago, President Richard Nixon signed the National Cancer Act of 1971 into law, which established the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in its current form. At the time, the budget was $1.6 billion. Today, it is $7.8 billion, $4.5 billion less than the amount needed to keep up with...
Ambulatory Thromboprophylaxis in Patients With Lung and Gastrointestinal Cancers
In an Australian phase III trial (TARGET-TP) reported in JAMA Oncology, Alexander et al found that ambulatory thromboprophylaxis reduced the risk of thromboembolic events in patients starting systemic therapy for lung or gastrointestinal cancer who were at elevated risk of thrombosis. Study ...
Unconscious Gender Biases and Discrimination Lead to Suboptimal Care for Women
Gender inequalities and discrimination may adversely impact women’s rights and opportunities to avoid cancer risk factors and impede their ability to seek and obtain timely diagnoses and quality cancer care, according to The Lancet Commission on Women, Power, and Cancer published by Ginsburg et al...
