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Showing 10051 - 10100Annual ASCO Report Shows Widespread Disturbance in Oncology Practice, Amid Growing Patient Demand and Administrative Burden
The U.S. cancer care system faces tremendous turbulence while dealing with growing numbers of cancer patients and survivors, mounting pressures to control rising health-care costs, and widespread oncology practice transformation, reports a new study by the American Society of Clinical Oncology...
NCCN Publishes New Guidelines for Smoking Cessation
Tobacco-related diseases are the most preventable cause of death worldwide; smoking cessation leads to improvement in cancer treatment outcomes, as well as decreased tumor recurrence. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2015, nearly 171,000 of the estimated 589,430 cancer deaths in the...
BRAF Wild-Type Melanomas During Dabrafenib Treatment for Metastatic BRAF V600E Melanoma
In a case report in JAMA Dermatology, Carrera et al described development of multiple wild-type BRAF melanomas and a metastasis with a different BRAF mutation in a patient receiving dabrafenib (Tafinlar) for BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic melanoma. Development of Melanomas As described...
Clinical Trial Suggests Temozolomide-Based Chemoradiation Is Best for Low-Grade Brain Tumors
New clinical trial findings provide further evidence that combining chemotherapy with radiation therapy is the best treatment for people with a low-grade form of brain cancer. The findings come from a phase II study co-led by a researcher at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer...
Similar Local Recurrence Rates But Increased Distant Metastases With Adjuvant Localized vs Whole-Brain Radiotherapy in Patients With Brain Metastases
In patients who had undergone surgery for brain metastases, the rate of recurrence at the resected site was similar between patients who received adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy vs those who underwent adjuvant localized radiotherapy, according to a retrospective study by Hsieh et al in the...
Thyroid Cancer Rare in Patients With Asymptomatic Benign Nodules
A prospective, multicenter, observational study involving 992 consecutive patients with one to four asymptomatic, sonographically or cytologically benign thyroid nodules found that “the majority of nodules exhibited no significant size change during 5 years of follow-up or they actually...
Age-Stratified Predictive Model May Provide Surgical Guidelines for Uterine Leiomyomas
A study by Brohl et al investigating the case incidence of unexpected uterine sarcoma following surgery for presumed benign leiomyoma (fibroids or myomas) has found that the risk of unexpected uterine sarcoma varies significantly across age groups, with a more than fivefold difference between the...
Researchers Map Genomic Landscape of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors for the First Time
In an advance that could lead to better identification of malignant pediatric adrenocortical tumors, and ultimately to better treatment, researchers have mapped the genomic landscape of these rare childhood tumors. Their genomic mapping has revealed unprecedented details, not only of the aberrant...
Addition of Orteronel to Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Does Not Meet Overall Survival Endpoint in Phase III Trial
In a phase III trial (ELM-PC 5) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fizazi et al found that the addition of the 17,20-lyase inhibitor orteronel to prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel therapy resulted in an overall...
Study Shows Targeting Cancer Cell ‘Cloak’ Could Benefit Drug Delivery
Cancer cells can cloak themselves within tumors by hiding behind a dense layer of cellular stroma. According to a new study by the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), drugs that target and strip away the stroma would pave the way for other drugs to reach the cancerous cells within the ...
AACR Names Nancy E. Davidson, MD, President-Elect for 2015-2016
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) today announced the election of Nancy E. Davidson, MD, Director of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and UPMC CancerCenter in Pittsburgh, as its President-Elect for 2015–2016. Dr. Davidson will officially become President-Elect...
New Study Assesses Inclusion of Family in Cancer Patients’ Treatment Decisions
Family members often play an important role in providing care for patients with cancer, but which patients are more or less likely to involve family members in decisions regarding their care is not well known. A new study published by Hobbs et al in Cancer provides some insights and may help...
No Improvement in Overall Survival With Addition of Anti-EGFR Antibody Necitumumab to First-Line Pemetrexed-Cisplatin in Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC
In the phase III INSPIRE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Paz-Ares et al found that the addition of the anti-EGFR IgG1 monoclonal antibody necitumumab to first-line pemetrexed (Alimta)-cisplatin did not improve overall survival in patients with previously untreated stage IV nonsquamous...
Harold Varmus, MD, Stepping Down as Director of the National Cancer Institute
Harold Varmus, MD, who has led the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for nearly 5 years, has announced that he will step down from his post, effective March 31, 2015. Dr. Varmus will be joining Weill Cornell Medical College's faculty as the Lewis Thomas...
Early Study Shows Cabazitaxel May Be More Effective Than Docetaxel in Some Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a new study reported by de Leeuw et al in Clinical Cancer Research, researchers found that the novel taxane cabazitaxel (Jevtana) has properties that could make it more effective than docetaxel in some patients with advanced prostate cancer. This hypothesis is currently being tested in a phase...
Study Finds Improved Survival for Young Patients With Brain Metastases Who Receive Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
Cancer patients with limited brain metastases (one to four tumors) who are 50 years old and younger should receive stereotactic radiosurgery without whole-brain radiotherapy, according to a study by Saghal et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics....
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
Patients who received chemotherapy after bladder cancer surgery demonstrated an approximately 30% lower risk of death than those who underwent surgery alone, according to an analysis presented by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai at the 2015 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, ...
NRAS Mutations in Advanced Melanoma Correlate With Increased Benefit From Immunotherapies
Researchers investigating whether tumor genotype correlates with benefit from immune therapy in melanoma has found that patients whose tumors had NRAS mutations had better response to immunotherapy and better outcomes than patients whose tumors had other genetic subtypes. The results suggest that...
Novel Cell Profiling Technique May Help Personalize Cancer Treatments
Researchers have developed a lab test called Dynamic BH3 Profiling (DBP) to measure early changes in net proapoptotic signaling at the mitochondrion induced by chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cells. In cell-line and clinical experiments, the test accurately predicted chemotherapy response across...
Early Evidence of Increase in Higher-Risk Prostate Cancers From 2011 to 2013
An analysis of data on roughly 87,500 men treated for prostate cancer since 2005 found a notable increase in higher-risk cases of the disease between 2011 and 2013. The retrospective analysis of patient data found the proportion of men diagnosed with intermediate- and high-risk disease increased by ...
Classic vs Rare EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Have Distinct Epidemiology, Clinical Implications
Certain rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with tobacco smoking, worse prognosis, and poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, compared with more common, classic EGFR mutations. However, as not all rare mutations are the same, testing and therapy...
Sensor Technology May Help Improve the Accuracy of Clinical Breast Exams
Sensor technology has the potential to significantly improve the teaching of proper technique for clinical breast exams, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. The results of the study were published in a correspondence in The...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
12-Year Study Suggests Procedures to Prevent Cervical Cancer Do Not Affect Fertility
Common surgical procedures used to diagnose and treat precancerous cervical lesions do not decrease women's chances of becoming pregnant, according to a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente Northwest, which followed nearly 100,000 women for up to 12 years. In fact, researchers found that women ...
Early Study Suggests Olaparib May Be Effective in Ovarian Cancers Expressing High Levels of POLQ
Last December, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved olaparib (Lynparza) in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. Now, a laboratory study by Ceccaldi et al has found that the drug may also be effective in breast and ovarian tumors that...
Nutrient-Wide Association Study Shows Increased Coffee Intake May Be Associated With Lower Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Women who drank about four cups of coffee per day appeared to have decreased endometrial cancer risk compared with those who drank less than a cup each day, according to a study published by Merritt et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A New Approach “We used a...
Lenvatinib Shows Promise for Patients With Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer in Phase III Study
In a phase III study led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the oral antiangiogenic therapy lenvatinib has shown dramatic improvement in progression-free survival in patients with advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. Their findings are published by...
Study Identifies Eight Signs Associated With Impending Death in Cancer Patients
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified eight highly specific physical and cognitive signs associated with imminent death in cancer patients. The findings, published by Hui et al in Cancer, could offer clinicians the ability to better communicate with...
Phase III Study Shows Significant Benefit of Obinutuzumab in Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a preplanned interim analysis of the phase III GADOLIN trial, obinutuzumab (Gazyva) plus bendamustine (Trenada) followed by obinutuzumab alone was found to significantly improve progression-free survival compared to bendamustine alone in patients with indolent, refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma....
New Approach to Colorectal Surgical Care Results in Shorter Recovery Times, Lower Costs
A new, multidisciplinary approach to managing patients undergoing a colorectal operation results in shorter hospital stays, fewer complications, and lower medical costs, according a study published by Thiele et al in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. Currently, patients undergoing...
Reduced Use of Radiotherapy for Unresectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in the United States
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Surgery, Shapiro et al found that use of radiotherapy in unresectable pancreas cancer has decreased over time and that disparities in use can be identified. Decreasing Use The study involved Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data...
Widespread Use of Docetaxel Preceded Phase III Evidence of Usefulness in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Docetaxel was being widely used by patients with metastatic prostate cancer before phase III evidence that it was more effective than standard-of-care for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, according to an analysis of Medicare claims from before and after the trial results and...
Study Shows Immunosuppressives, Chemotherapy May Reactivate Hepatitis B
Individuals previously infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that receive chemotherapy or immunosuppressive treatment may be at risk of reactivating the virus, according to a report published by Di Bisceglie et al in Hepatology. Reactivation of HBV can be fatal, and researchers suggest routine...
Patients With Detectable PSA After Radical Prostatectomy May Benefit From More Aggressive Radiotherapy, 10-Year Post-Treatment Analysis Shows
Prostate cancer patients with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following radical prostatectomy should receive earlier, more aggressive radiotherapy, according to a study published by Wiegel et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics. German ARO ...
Study Identifies New Pathway for Stalling BRCA-Mutated Tumor Growth in Mice and Human Cells
Inhibiting the action of a particular enzyme dramatically slows the growth of tumor cells tied to BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations that are closely tied to breast and ovarian cancers, according to researchers at New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center. Senior investigator Agnel Sfeir,...
Vitiligo Predicts Improved Survival in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy for Stage III or IV Melanoma
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Teulings et al found that development of vitiligo in patients receiving immunotherapy for stage III or IV melanoma was a significant predictor of improved progression-free and overall survival. The study...
Immune Gene Profile Strongly Associated With Benefit of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Perez et al found that an immune function gene profile was associated with significantly improved relapse-free survival among patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer who had trastuzumab (Herceptin) added to adjuvant chemotherapy ...
Study Sheds New Light on Syndrome Associated With Aggressive Pediatric Cancer
A new study involving researchers at The University of Nottingham has revealed how children with an aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome experience a never-before- seen flood of mutations in their disease in very short periods of time. The findings were published by Shlien et al in Nature...
Dabrafenib May Stimulate Radioiodine Uptake in Patients With Iodine-Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer
In patients with iodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer, the addition of dabrafenib (Tafinlar) therapy was shown to stimulate radioiodine uptake in thyroid cancer cells, according to a report by Rothenberg et al in Clinical Cancer Research. This approach has the potential advantage of requiring ...
European Trial Indicates That Neither Dacarbazine Nor Bleomycin Should Be Omitted From ABVD Regimen for Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a European open-label noninferiority trial (German Hodgkin Study Group [GHSG)] HD13) reported in The Lancet, Behringer et al found poorer outcomes with omission of dacarbazine or bleomycin from treatment with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) in patients with...
Study Finds Metformin May Reduce Lung Cancer Risk Among Diabetic Nonsmokers
A large retrospective cohort study of diabetic patients taking metformin, a first-line treatment for type II diabetes, has found that while metformin use was not associated with lower lung cancer risk overall, the risk was 43% lower among diabetic patients who had never smoked. In addition, the...
High-Risk Prostate Cancer Detection More Likely With Targeted MRI/Ultrasound Fusion Technique Than With Standard Biopsy
Targeted biopsy using new fusion technology that combines magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasound is more effective than standard biopsy in detecting high-risk prostate cancer, according to a study by Siddiqui et al published in JAMA. More than 1,000 men participated in the research at the ...
Researchers Pinpoint Two Genes That Trigger Most Severe Form of Ovarian Cancer
Researchers at University of North Carolina School of Medicine have created the first mouse model of the most aggressive form of ovarian cancer and found a potential route to better treatments and much-needed diagnostic screens. Led by Terry Magnuson, PhD, the Sarah Graham Kenan Professor and Chair ...
Protein-Based Therapy Shows Promise Against Resistant ALL in Preclinical Study
Chemotherapy resistance is one of the most formidable obstacles to treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common form of childhood cancer. Now researchers at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) have designed and developed a new protein-based therapy that may prove highly...
Retrospective Study Indicates Improved Disease-Free Survival for Complete Mesocolic Excision vs Conventional Surgery for Colon Cancer
In a Danish retrospective population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bertelsen et al found that complete mesocolic excision resulted in better disease-free survival compared with conventional colon resection in patients with stage I to III colon cancer. Study Details The study...
Study Uncovers Range of Molecular Alterations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas, New Potential Drug Targets
Investigators with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have discovered genomic differences—with potentially important clinical implications—in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancers. These findings were reported in Nature. The researchers also uncovered ...
Study Finds Many Women Lack Understanding of Their Breast Cancer, Especially Minority Patients
A population-based study of women who had undergone surgery for breast cancer has found that many lacked understanding of the basic characteristics of their disease, including stage, grade, and tumor characteristics. Minority patients were less likely than white patients to have the correct...
New Breast Exam Nearly Quadruples Detection of Invasive Breast Cancers When Added to Screening Mammography in Women With Dense Breast Tissue
A new breast imaging technique developed at Mayo Clinic nearly quadruples detection rates of invasive breast cancers in women with dense breast tissue, according to the results of a study published by Rhodes et al in the American Journal of Roentgenology. What Is MBI? Molecular breast imaging...
Head and Neck Cancers in Young Adults More Likely to Be a Result of Inherited Factors
Data from 25 case-control studies and separate analyses show that head and neck cancers in young adults are more likely to occur as a result of inherited factors rather than lifestyle factors, such as smoking or drinking alcohol, according to a new study by Toporcov et al published in the...
Researchers Identify Potential Treatment Targeting Proliferation Pathway in Some Aggressive Tumors
Researchers from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center and Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) have identified a potential treatment targeting a pathway by which several aggressive tumors maintain their ability to proliferate, according to a study by Flynn et al published...
