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Ruben A. Mesa, MD, on Myelofibrosis, Transfusion Independence, and Momelotinib
Ruben A. Mesa, MD, of UT Health San Antonio Cancer Center, discusses new findings on momelotinib, a potent JAK1, JAK2, and ACVR1 inhibitor with clinical activity against hallmark features of myelofibrosis such as anemia and splenomegaly. Results showed that transfusion independence was associated...
Claire Harrison, MD, DM, on Myelofibrosis: Fedratinib as First-Line Therapy After Prior Ruxolitinib
Claire Harrison, MD, of Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital, discusses survival results from the JAKARTA and JAKARTA2 trials, which showed that fedratinib, an oral JAK2 inhibitor, significantly improved progression-free survival vs placebo as a first-line treatment for patients with myelofibrosis...
Martin Hutchings, MD, PhD, on Hodgkin Lymphoma: Brentuximab Vedotin With Chemotherapy
Martin Hutchings, MD, PhD, of Copenhagen University Hospital, discusses a 5-year update of the phase III ECHELON-1 study, which suggested brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine benefits patients with previously untreated stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma...
Gaurav Goyal, MD, on DLBCL: Comparing R-CHOP and R-EPOCH for Overall Survival Benefits
Gaurav Goyal, MD, of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, reports on findings from a large multi-institutional database study, which showed there was no apparent difference in overall survival between R-CHOP and R-EPOCH among patients with advanced-stage MYC-rearranged, double-hit, or...
Addition of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy to Surgery and Adjuvant S-1 in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer
In the Korean phase III PRODIGY trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) to D2 gastrectomy followed by adjuvant S-1 was associated with improved progression-free survival in...
Study Explores Taste and Smell Dysfunction in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
Most survivors of head and neck squamous cell cancers report that their sense of taste is dulled, changed, or lost during radiation treatment. In a study of taste and smell dysfunction in 40 cancer survivors, scientists found that the tips of these individuals' tongues were significantly less...
Study Finds Patients With Bladder Cancer and Ureteric Obstruction May Safely Receive Chemotherapy
A study published by Strother et al in BJU International found that patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer can safely receive cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, even when their tumors are blocking their kidneys. The findings suggest that patients with the most serious type of this...
Survival of Patients With Colon Cancer Enrolled in the U.S. Military Health System
A study by Lin et al comparing patients with colon cancer enrolled in the U.S. Military Health System, which provides universal health-care to its beneficiaries, with those in the general population has found that patients in the Military Health System had an 18% lower risk of death compared with...
Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Patients With Hematologic Cancers Hospitalized for COVID-19
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Michael A. Thompson, MD, PhD, FASCO, and colleagues found that the use of convalescent plasma therapy was associated with improved 30-day mortality among patients with hematologic cancers hospitalized for COVID-19. Study Details The study...
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs Conventional External-Beam Radiotherapy for Pain Control of Spinal Metastases
In a Canadian/Australian phase II/III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Arjun Sahgal, MD, and colleagues found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) produced a higher complete pain response rate vs conventional external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in patients with painful spinal metastases. ...
FDA Pipeline: Priority Reviews in Multiple Myeloma, Cervical Cancer, Neutropenia, and Myelofibrosis
Over the past month, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Priority Review to therapies for multiple myeloma, cervical cancer, chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, and myelofibrosis. The FDA also granted a number of Breakthrough Therapy designations, including those for treatments in ...
Overall Survival With the Addition of Ixazomib to Lenalidomide/Dexamethasone in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Paul G. Richardson, MD, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the phase III TOURMALINE-MM1 trial showed no overall survival benefit with the addition of ixazomib to lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd) in relapsed or refractory multiple ...
Reduced-Dose and Reduced-Volume Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Average-Risk Medulloblastoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jeff M. Michalski, MBA, MD, and colleagues, the Children’s Oncology Group noninferiority phase III ACNS0331 trial has shown no decrease in event-free survival with reduced radiation boost volume in patients with newly diagnosed, average-risk...
ctDNA and Early Relapse After Axicabtagene Ciloleucel Infusion in Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In a prospective study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Frank et al found that monitoring of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) improved detection of early relapse after axicabtagene ciloleucel infusion in patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Study Details A total of...
Adjuvant Metronomic Capecitabine for Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
In a Chinese phase III study reported in The Lancet, Chen et al found that the use of adjuvant metronomic capecitabine improved failure-free survival vs observation after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with high-risk locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details In the...
Martin Reck, MD, PhD, on NSCLC: Nivolumab, Ipilimumab, and Chemotherapy for Advanced Disease
Martin Reck, MD, PhD, of LungenClinic, discusses a 2-year update of the CheckMate 9LA study, which sought to determine whether nivolumab plus ipilimumab combined with two cycles of chemotherapy is more effective than four cycles of chemotherapy alone as a first-line treatment for patients with...
Paolo Ghia, MD, PhD, on CLL/SLL and Ibrutinib Plus Venetoclax: A Primary Analysis of the CAPTIVATE Trial
Paolo Ghia, MD, PhD, of the Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, discusses phase II results from the CAPTIVATE study, which examined ibrutinib plus venetoclax as a fixed-duration first-line treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (Abstract 7501).
Matt D. Galsky, MD, on Bladder Cancer: Neoadjuvant Therapy With Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Nivolumab
Matt D. Galsky, MD, of the Tisch Cancer Institute at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, discusses results from a phase II trial designed to test gemcitabine and cisplatin plus nivolumab as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and to better predict benefit in...
Study Evaluates Residential Racial Segregation and NSCLC Treatment and Outcomes
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% to 85% of cases of lung cancer; when it is diagnosed early, there is a 5-year survival rate of 50% to 80%. Black patients have a lower overall incidence of NSCLC than White patients but are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages. They also...
Phase II Study of Naratuximab Emtansine Plus Rituximab in DLBCL
Adding the antibody-drug conjugate naratuximab emtansine to rituximab resulted in favorable overall survival and complete response rates for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), with a manageable safety profile. These findings from a phase II study were...
ASCO/Friends of Cancer Research Joint Position Statement Encourages Enrollment of Patients With Cancer in COVID-19 Vaccine Studies
Individuals with cancer or a history of cancer should be eligible for clinical trials—including COVID-19 vaccine trials—unless there is safety justification for exclusion, ASCO and Friends of Cancer Research (Friends) asserted in a joint position statement released today. To date, clinical trials...
Is Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab an Effective Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma?
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Chung-Han Lee, MD, and colleagues, findings in a cohort of the phase Ib/II Study 111/KEYNOTE-146 trial showed that the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab produced high response rates among patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma...
Brexucabtagene Autoleucel in Adults With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL: ZUMA-3
As reported in The Lancet by Shah et al, the pivotal phase II ZUMA-3 trial has shown a high rate of complete remission with the autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy brexucabtagene autoleucel (formerly KTE-X19) in adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute...
Testing of Lymph Nodes for Breast Cancer Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
A study published by Sharp et al in The Breast Journal suggests that some patients with breast cancer may be able to forgo certain testing procedures after neoadjuvant chemotherapy without increasing their risk of cancer recurrence. Prior studies on detecting whether breast cancer has spread to...
Study Explores Incidence Rates for Various Pediatric Cancers Across Age and Racial Groups
New research has uncovered substantial differences in the rates of childhood cancers when considering a single year of age rather than grouping several years together. The study, published by Marcotte et al in the journal Cancer, also found that minority children seem to have different risks than...
Ibrutinib/Venetoclax vs Chlorambucil/Obinutuzumab in Previously Untreated Older Patients With CLL/SLL
In a primary analysis of the phase III GLOW study, a once-daily, all-oral, fixed-duration dose of ibrutinib and venetoclax for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) resulted in superior progression-free survival than treatment with chlorambucil and obinutuzumab. Arnon...
Addition of Isatuximab-irfc to Carfilzomib/Dexamethasone in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: IKEMA Trial
As reported in The Lancet by Philippe Moreau, MD, and colleagues, the phase III IKEMA trial has shown that the addition of the anti-CD38 antibody isatuximab-irfc to carfilzomib and dexamethasone resulted in significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed or refractory...
Effect of Radiotherapy Dose Escalation in Definitive Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a Dutch phase III trial (ARTDECO) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hulshof et al found that increasing the dose of radiation therapy in a definitive chemoradiation regimen did not improve local progression-free survival in patients with inoperable, locally advanced esophageal...
Prevalence of Germline BRCA Mutations in Women With Ovarian Cancer in India
In a prospective cross-sectional study reported in JCO Global Oncology, Gupta et al found that women with ovarian cancer in India had a high prevalence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic BRCA variants. As stated by the investigators: “There are deficient data on prevalence of germline mutations in...
Neeraj Agarwal, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Androgen-Deprivation Therapy With Orteronel or Bicalutamide
Neeraj Agarwal, MD, of Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, discusses phase III data from the SWOG S1216 trial, which evaluated the clinical benefit of using androgen-deprivation therapy with either orteronel (or TAK-700, a CYP17 inhibitor) or bicalutamide in patients with newly...
Arnon P. Kater, MD, PhD, on CLL: Fixed-Duration Ibrutinib and Venetoclax vs Chlorambucil Plus Obinutuzumab
Arnon P. Kater, MD, PhD, of the University of Amsterdam, discusses a primary analysis of the phase III GLOW study, which, for the first time, compared the efficacy and safety of fixed-duration ibrutinib plus venetoclax with chlorambucil plus obinutuzumab for first-line treatment of older patients...
Peter C. Black, MD, on Prostate Cancer Health-Care Disparities: Expert Perspective
Peter C. Black, MD, of the Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, reviews three studies on early detection and treatment of Black patients with prostate cancer: a large-scale analysis of genomic profiling; the use of PSA screening; and integrating a patient-specific genomic...
Survivors of Early-Stage Breast Cancer Face Broad Range of Symptoms and Concerns
Patients with early-stage breast cancer may be at low risk of dying of their disease, but they experience a high burden of physical and psychological symptoms long after their treatment has ended, according to data presented during the 2021 American Society of Breast Surgeons Annual Meeting.1...
FDA Oncology Center of Excellence Launches National Black Family Cancer Awareness Week
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE) has announced its inaugural National Black Family Cancer Awareness Week, which is taking place from June 17 through June 23, 2021. Throughout the week, the agency’s social media platforms will serve as the hub for...
Addition of First-Line Nivolumab to Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancers: CheckMate 649
As reported in The Lancet by Yelena Y. Janjigian, MD, and colleagues, the phase III CheckMate 649 trial has shown that the addition of first-line nivolumab to chemotherapy resulted in improved overall and progression-free survival among patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric, gastroesophageal ...
Retrospective Study Explores Variation in Colorectal Cancer Risk in Families With Lynch Syndrome
In a retrospective cohort study reported by Win et al in The Lancet Oncology, researchers in the International Mismatch Repair Consortium found marked variation in the risk of colorectal cancer in families with Lynch syndrome carrying the same pathogenic variant in DNA mismatch repair genes. The...
Effect of Polygenic Risk Score on Estimated Breast Cancer Risk Among Carriers of Pathogenic Variants in Predisposition Genes
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gao et al found that use of a polygenic risk score (PRS) modified the estimated risk of breast cancer among both carriers and noncarriers of established pathogenic variants in breast cancer predisposition genes. Study Details The study...
All-Cause Mortality in COVID-19–Positive and COVID-19–Negative Patients With Cancer
In a large cohort study reported by Sharafeldin et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, researchers from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) found that COVID-19–positive vs –negative status was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality at 1 year among patients with...
Keith W. Pratz, MD, on AML: Venetoclax, Azacitidine, and Disease Response
Keith W. Pratz, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania, discusses the outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who took part in the VIALE-A trial and were treated with venetoclax and azacitidine. The patients had achieved both composite complete remission and measurable residual disease of...
Expert Point of View: Anthony TC Chan, MD
The invited discussant of the JUPITER-02 study was Anthony TC Chan, MD, the Li Shu Fan Medical Foundation Professor of Clinical Oncology at Hong King Cancer Institute and Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He noted that anti–PD-1/L1 therapies are at the forefront...
Novel Monoclonal Antibody Emerges as Potential First-Line Standard in Nasopharyngeal Cancer
A new first-line standard of care may be emerging for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, based on the findings of the global phase III JUPITER-02 trial presented at the 2021 ASCO Annual Meeting by investigators from China.1 In the study, toripalimab, an anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibody, ...
Zanubrutinib vs Ibrutinib in Relapsed/Refractory CLL/SLL: ALPINE Trial
Zanubrutinib—a second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor—significantly improved response rates and delayed disease progression as compared to the standard of care, ibrutinib, in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma...
Alkylating Signature in Colorectal Cancer May Be Linked to High Red Meat Intake
The association between the consumption of red and processed meats and the development of colorectal cancer, as well as pancreatic and prostate cancers, has been known since 2015, when the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified the consumption of red meat as probably...
Addition of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin to Conventional Background Chemotherapy in Pediatric Patients With KMT2A-Rearranged AML
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Pollard et al, a subgroup of pediatric patients with KMT2A-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the phase III Children’s Oncology Group AAML0531 trial had improved outcomes with the addition of the CD33-targeting agent gemtuzumab ozogamicin...
ASCO Releases Rapid Guideline Recommendation Update for Patients With High-Risk, HER2-Negative, Germline BRCA–Mutated Breast Cancer
A new ASCO guideline update recommends offering 1 year of adjuvant olaparib to patients with high-risk, early-stage, HER2-negative breast cancer and germline BRCA mutations after completion of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and local treatment, including radiation. The recommendations update the 2020...
Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Allogeneic HCT Based on Donor Availability in Older Patients With Advanced Myelodysplastic Syndrome
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Nakamura et al found that use of reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in older patients with advanced myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with an available matched donor improved overall survival vs...
FDA Approves Avapritinib for Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis
On June 16, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the tyrosine kinase inhibitor avapritinib (Ayvakit) for adult patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis, including patients with aggressive systemic mastocytosis, systemic mastocytosis with an associated hematologic neoplasm, and...
De-escalating Surgery for Women With Breast Cancer
From routine axillary lymph node dissection to sentinel lymph node surgery, the use of axillary surgery continues to evolve in breast cancer. Recently, surgical oncologists have begun to consider avoiding axillary surgery completely in patients with a low risk of node-positive disease as well as in ...
Trilaciclib to Reduce Chemotherapy-Induced Bone Marrow Suppression in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
On February 12, 2021, the cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor trilaciclib was approved for use to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients when administered prior to a platinum/etoposide–containing regimen or topotecan-containing regimen for...
Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality in European Countries
In a European population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cardoso et al found that colorectal cancer incidence and mortality declined more in European countries with long-standing colonoscopy or fecal test screening programs since the year 2000 compared to countries with more recently...
