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Showing 8551 - 8600USPSTF Issues Final Recommendation Statement on Medications for the Risk Reduction of Primary Breast Cancer in Women
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) released today its final recommendation statement on medications to reduce the risk of primary breast cancer in women. Clinicians are recommended to prescribe risk-reducing medications, such as tamoxifen or raloxifene, for women who are at increased...
HERA Trial Shows No Benefit of 2 Years vs 1 Year of Trastuzumab, Significant Survival Benefits of 1 Year vs Observation in Early Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by Aron Goldhirsch, MD, of the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, and colleagues, 2 years of trastuzumab (Herceptin) showed no advantage over 1 year of trastuzumab treatment in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer in the phase III HERA trial. An update of...
ASTRO: Fewer Weeks of Neoadjuvant Hormone Therapy Reduces Side Effects in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
A shorter course of androgen suppression therapy prior to radiation therapy, when compared to an extended course of androgen suppression therapy, yields comparable outcomes and fewer adverse effects for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients, according to research presented today at the...
Deficient DNA Mismatch Repair Associated With Favorable Prognosis in Proximal Tumors in Stage III Colon Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant FOLFOX
In an analysis reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Frank A. Sinicrope, MD, of the Mayo Clinic and North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG), and colleagues investigated the association of deficient DNA mismatch repair with prognosis in patients with stage III colon cancer treated with...
Reduced Long-Term Survival and Increased Risk of Secondary Cancer in Younger Women After External Pelvic Radiation for Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mathias Onrud, MD, of Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, and colleagues assessed outcomes in the follow-up of the Norwegian Radium Hospital trial to determine long-term effects of external beam radiation therapy in the adjuvant...
Widespread Contraindicated Use of Bevacizumab in Elderly Patients
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dawn L. Hershman, MD, MS, of Columbia University, and colleagues assessed the use of bevacizumab in older patients with metastatic breast, lung, or colon cancer. They found that bevacizumab (Avastin) was contraindicated in approximately one-third ...
Young Breast Cancer Patients May Overestimate Benefit of Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy
Young women with breast cancer may overestimate the risk that cancer will occur in their other healthy breast and decide to undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, a survey conducted by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators indicated. The survey also shows that many patients may opt for ...
Addition of Bevacizumab to Capecitabine Improves Progression-Free Survival in Elderly Patients with Previously Untreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Elderly patients are often underrepresented in clinical trials of metastatic colorectal cancer. In a phase III study (AVEX trial) reported in The Lancet Oncology, David Cunningham, MD, of Royal Marsden Hospital in London and colleagues assessed the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to capecitabine...
Tremelimumab Shows Some Activity in Chemotherapy-Resistant Advanced Malignant Mesothelioma, Phase II Study Finds
Tremelimumab is an anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) monoclonal antibody, a class of inhibitor that has shown activity in multiple tumor types. Ipilimumab (Yervoy), another agent in this class, was found to significantly prolong overall survival in metastatic melanoma despite a...
New Medical Device Treats Urinary Symptoms Related to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has authorized the marketing of the UroLift system, a permanent implant to relieve low or blocked urine flow in men age 50 and older with benign prostatic hyperplasia. As men age, the prostate can become enlarged, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia....
Exploratory Analysis Suggests Response-Guided Neoadjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer May Improve Survival
In an exploratory analysis of long-term survival data from the GeparTrio trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gunter von Minckwitz, MD, of the German Breast Group in Neu-Isenburg, and colleagues found that response-guided neoadjuvant chemotherapy appears to improve disease-free survival...
Phase II Study Shows Durable Effect of Lenalidomide in Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In a phase II study (MCL-001, EMERGE) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Andre Goy, MD, of Hackensack University Medical Center, and colleagues evaluated the use of single-agent lenalidomide (Revlimid) in bortezomib (Velcade)-treated patients who had relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma. ...
Tivozanib Improves Progression-Free Survival but Not Overall Survival vs Sorafenib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Tivozanib is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), -2, and -3. In a phase III trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Robert J. Motzer, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and colleagues, tivozanib was found to...
Models Estimate Probability of Cancer in Pulmonary Nodules Detected on First Screening CT
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Annette McWilliams, MD, of Vancouver General Hospital, and colleagues analyzed data from subjects undergoing low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer to identify factors that might predict whether lung nodules found on...
Brachytherapy to Treat Cervical Cancer on the Decline in the United States
A study by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital found that brachytherapy was associated with better cause-specific survival and overall survival in women with cervical cancer. The population-based analysis also revealed geographic disparities and decline in brachytherapy treatment in the...
Modifiable Risk Factors Potentiate Therapy-Associated Risk for Major Cardiac Events in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gregory T. Armstrong, MD, of St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, and colleagues assessed the frequency of major cardiac events and cardiovascular risk factors among adult survivors of childhood cancer and their siblings. They...
Nonanthracycline Regimen Plus Trastuzumab Effective in Early Breast Cancer Irrespective of TOP2A Status
Available data suggest that docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide improves disease-free survival and overall survival compared with doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide in early-stage breast cancer. Other findings suggest that amplification of TOP2A, the gene positioned next to HER2, is predictive of...
FLT3 Inhibitor Quizartinib Shows Activity in Relapsed/Refractory AML
Internal tandem duplications (ITDs) in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) juxtamembrane region are observed in 20% to 30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and point mutations in the FLT3 activation loop are observed in 5% to 10%. FLT3-ITD mutations are associated with early relapse ...
Majority of Breast Cancer Deaths Occur in Younger, Unscreened Women, Study Finds
A new analysis has found that most deaths from breast cancer occur in younger women who do not receive regular mammograms. Published early online in Cancer, the study indicates that regular screening before age 50 should be encouraged. The use of mammograms to prevent breast cancer deaths has been ...
Cabozantinib Improves Disease-Free Survival in Progressive Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Cabozantinib (Cometriq) is an inhibitor of hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), VEGFR2, and rearranged during transfection (RET) tyrosine kinases. In a phase III trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rosella Elisei, MD, of the University of Pisa, and colleagues found that cabozantinib ...
Swallowing Exercises Preserve Function in Patients Receiving Radiation for Head and Neck Cancer
A study from UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC) has found that patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiation as part of their treatment were less likely to suffer unwanted side effects such as worsening of diet, need for a feeding tube, or narrowing of the throat passage if...
MRI Around the Time of Surgery Does Not Reduce Recurrence Rates in Women With DCIS
A large retrospective study reported that adding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to mammography before or immediately after surgery was not associated with reduced local recurrence or contralateral breast cancer rates among women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast who were treated...
Large Study Shows That Radiation Therapy for DCIS May Not Increase Cardiovascular Disease Risk
A large population-based study in the Netherlands found that women who had received radiation therapy to treat ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS) have no increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to the general population of Dutch women, nor compared to DCIS patients treated with ...
Most Women Have an Inaccurate Perception of Their Breast Cancer Risk, Study Reveals
A large-scale survey of women undergoing mammography screening on Long Island, New York, indicates that the majority (90.6%) either underestimate or overestimate their lifetime risk for developing breast cancer. Furthermore, 4 in 10 women surveyed reported they had never discussed their...
Quality of Life Improves Over Time and Is Similar in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors and Women With No History of Breast Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pamela J. Goodwin, MD, and Tina Hsu of University of Toronto and colleagues assessed changes in quality of life from time of breast cancer diagnosis to long-term survivorship and compared quality of life in long-term survivors to that of...
Survival Trend With Palliative FOLFOX4 vs Doxorubicin in Asian Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shukui Qin, MD, of People’s Liberation Army Cancer Centre, Bayi Hospital, in Nanjing, and colleagues compared FOLFOX4 (infusional fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) with doxorubicin as palliative chemotherapy in patients with ...
No Apparent Benefit of Adjuvant Gefitinib in Resected NSCLC in Prematurely Closed Trial
As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Glenwood D. Goss, MD, of the Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, and colleagues, the prematurely closed NCIC CTG BR19 study showed no apparent survival benefit of adjuvant gefitinib (Iressa) vs placebo in patients with completely resected non–small...
No Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Ibandronate in High-Risk Early Breast Cancer
The effect of bisphosphonate treatment in early breast cancer is controversial, with some data indicating survival benefit in the adjuvant setting. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gunter von Minckwitz, MD, of the German Breast Group in Neu-Isenberg and colleagues compared...
School-Age Drinking Increases Breast Cancer Risk
The more alcohol young women drink before motherhood, the greater their risk of future breast cancer, according to new research from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. Previous studies have looked at breast cancer risk and alcohol consumption later in life or at the effect of...
Study Compares Rituximab Maintenance to Observation After First-Line Treatment in Older Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma
In an Italian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Umberto Vitolo, MD, and colleagues in the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi, treatment-naive patients aged > 60 years with advanced follicular lymphoma were randomized to rituximab [Rituxan] maintenance or observation after brief ...
Danish Study Evaluates Risk of Mental Disorders in Siblings of Childhood Cancer Survivors
Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for long-term adverse physical and mental effects, but little is known about the effects of illness in siblings of these patients. In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Lasse Wegener Lund, MD, of the Danish Cancer Society Research Centre in...
Vertebral Compression Fracture Risk Increased After Spinal Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Arjun Sahgal, MD, of Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, and colleagues evaluated the occurrence of vertebral compression fractures in patients undergoing spinal stereotactic body radiotherapy. Vertebral compression fracture ...
Cord Blood Transplantation Benefits Some Children With Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
A retrospective analysis of 110 patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia found that single-unit, unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation resulted in a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 44%. “Our data document that a significant proportion of children with this disease,...
In International Study, Patients Prefer Subcutaneous Over Intravenous Trastuzumab for Breast Cancer
Subcutaneous trastuzumab (not available in the United States) has been shown to have noninferior efficacy and similar pharmacokinetic and safety profiles compared with intravenous trastuzumab (Herceptin) in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. In the PrefHer trial reported in...
Chinese Study Shows Icotinib Noninferior to Gefitinib in Advanced NSCLC
In the noninferiority ICOGEN trial reported in Lancet Oncology, Yuankai Shi, MD, of the Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs. Beijing, and colleagues compared the oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor icotinib with gefitinib...
NCI Study Links Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment to Risk of Stomach Cancer
Hodgkin lymphoma survivors who received subdiaphragmatic radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens containing high doses of the alkylating agent procarbazine (Matulane) were at an increased risk of developing stomach cancer, according to a large study by scientists at the National Cancer Institute...
Decreased White Matter Integrity and Neuropsychological Function Seen Decades After Cranial Radiotherapy for Pediatric Lymphoid Malignancies
CNS-directed chemotherapy and cranial radiation therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma have neurotoxic effects. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ilse Schuitema, MSc, of Leiden University, The Netherlands, and colleagues evaluated white matter changes ...
Survival Advantage Seen in Foreign-Born Hispanics With NSCLC
Foreign-born Hispanics with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a decreased risk of disease-specific mortality compared with non-Hispanic whites and United States-born Hispanics with NSCLC, according to a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Manali I. Patel, MD, and...
Many Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Report Being Depressed, But Few Use Mental Health Services
Despite a relatively high rate of depression among patients with head and neck cancer following radiation therapy, mental health services were severely underutilized in this group, concluded researchers who analyzed questionnaire results from 211 patients. The patients had been previously treated...
Cost-Effectiveness of MRI Screening for Women With Familial Risk of Breast Cancer in the Netherlands
Annual screening for breast cancer with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been found to be cost-effective in women aged 30 to 60 years who are BRCA1 or BRCA2 carriers or who have a 50% chance of being a carrier, and such screening is recommended in these women by many authorities. It is unclear...
Yoga Improves Sleep Quality in Cancer Patients With Sleep Disruption
It is estimated that 30% to 90% of cancer patients experience impairment of sleep quality post-treatment and such impairment can be severe enough to increase morbidity and mortality. Preliminary evidence indicates that yoga may improve sleep in cancer patients. In a study reported in the Journal of ...
Indoor Tanning Common Among Young White Females Despite Skin Cancer Risk
Indoor tanning, defined as using a tanning booth, sun bed, or sunlamp, is common among non-Hispanic white female high school students and young adults, despite risks of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, according to Gery P. Guy, Jr, PhD, MPH, and colleagues of the Centers for Disease...
NSABP B-38 Trial Shows No Benefit of Adding Fourth Drug to Standard Adjuvant Treatment in Women With Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Anthracycline- and taxane-based three-drug chemotherapy regimens have proven benefit as adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer. As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sandra M. Swain, MD, FACP, of Washington Cancer Institute–MedStar Washington Hospital Center, and colleagues,...
Night or Rotating Shift Work Associated With Increased Risk for High PSA
Some data support an association between circadian disruption and prostate cancer. In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, PhD, of the Division of Sleep Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and colleagues assessed the association between...
Study Determines Optimal Chemotherapy Regimen for Younger Patients With AML
In a study (Medical Research Council AML 15 Trial) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alan K. Burnett, MD, of Cardiff University School of Medicine and colleagues compared induction with daunorubicin/cytarabine, daunorubicin/cytarabine plus etoposide, and fludarabine/cytarabine/granulocyte...
No Progression-Free Survival Difference for Cediranib or Cediranib/Lomustine vs Lomustine in Recurrent Glioblastoma
In a phase III study (REGAL trial) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tracy T. Batchelor, MD, MPH, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues compared oral monotherapy with the pan-VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor cediranib and the combination of cediranib plus lomustine (CeeNu) vs...
Poor Oral Health Is an Independent Risk Factor for Cancer-Causing Oral HPV Infection
Poor oral health, including gum disease and dental problems, is a newly recognized independent risk factor for oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which causes between 40% and 80% of oropharyngeal cancers, according to a study published in Cancer Prevention Research. Researchers from the...
Similar 10-Year Survival in Patients With Early-Onset BRCA1-Negative and BRCA1-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tomasz Huzarski, MD, PhD, of Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, and colleagues from the Polish Hereditary Breast Cancer Consortium assessed survival among women with early-onset breast cancer with and without BRCA1 mutation and...
Multicenter Trial Finds BI-RADS 3 Breast Lesions Have Low Cancer Rate
Based on data from a multisite imaging trial involving more than 2,600 women, researchers say breast lesions categorized as “probably benign” on supplemental screening ultrasound could be reevaluated with imaging in 12 months, reducing patient anxiety, follow-up exams, and unnecessary...
Risk-Directed Treatment Intensification Significantly Improves Outcomes in Children With ALL and Intrachromosomal Amplification of Chromosome 21
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Anthony V. Moorman, PhD, of Newcastle University, and colleagues compared outcomes in children and adolescents with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) in a trial in...
