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Showing 5851 - 5900RSNA 2015: Study Suggests Breast Density Alone Not a Risk Factor for Cancer
Breast density may not be a strong independent factor for breast cancer risk, according to a new study presented (BR267-SD-THA1) by Katavic et al December 2, 2015, at the Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in Chicago. Prior research has shown an association between...
Researchers Develop Mathematical Model to Forecast Metastatic Breast Cancer Survival Rates
University of Southern California (USC) researchers have developed a mathematical model to forecast metastatic breast cancer survival rates using techniques usually reserved for weather prediction, financial forecasting, and surfing the Web. For decades, medical schools have taught doctors that...
Patients With Breast Cancer Who Have Prescription Drug Benefits, Higher Incomes More Likely to Start and Continue Hormonal Therapy
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study published by Bradley et al in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment showed that patients with breast cancer whose health insurance plans included prescription drug benefits were 10% more likely to start important hormonal therapy than patients who did not ...
Researchers Call for Hospitals to Establish Bereavement Programs for Families of Deceased Patients
Backed by a growing body of research, investigators at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute are calling for all hospitals to establish bereavement programs for families of deceased patients. In a report published by Morris and Block in the Journal of Palliative Medicine, researchers say such...
ABC3: Experts Create New Consensus Guidelines for Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment
Although advanced breast cancer is incurable, there are some patients who have just a few small metastases who would respond well to systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy. In new guidelines agreed on by participants at the Advanced Breast Cancer Third International Consensus...
Most Women Undergoing BRCA Genetic Testing Do Not Receive Pretest Genetic Counseling
In the ABOUT study reported in JAMA Oncology, Armstrong et al found that the majority of BRCA-tested women in a commercially insured population responding to a questionnaire about their experience had not received genetic counseling from a genetics clinician prior to testing. The study was...
Liquid Biopsy Promotes Precision Medicine by Tracking Patient's Cancer
A team of researchers, including scientists from the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), has reported that analyzing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can track how a patient's cancer evolves and responds to treatment. In a study published in Nature Communications, Muhammed Murtaza, PhD, ...
Experimental Drug Shown to Prevent Neuroblastoma in Preclinical Study
Australian scientists have identified a critical molecular “feedback loop” that helps initiate and drive neuroblastoma, a cancer of the nervous system in children that is triggered in embryonal nerve cells. This feedback loop massively accelerates cancer development. The research team...
ABC3: Patients Speak Out Against 'Damaging Messages' About Metastatic Breast Cancer, Call for Inclusion in Discussion About Treatment Costs
Organizations that issue “damaging messages” about advanced breast cancer need to be identified and educated to change the way they talk about the disease, a patient told the Advanced Breast Cancer Third International Consensus Conference in Lisbon, Portugal, on November 5, 2015. In...
Researchers Discover SEC23B, Gene Associated With Cowden Syndrome, Contributes to Thyroid Cancer Risk
Cleveland Clinic researchers have discovered a gene associated with Cowden syndrome, an inherited condition that carries high risks of thyroid, breast, and other cancers, and a subset of noninherited thyroid cancers. These findings were published by Yehia et al in the American Journal of Human...
Immunotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer Boosts Survival by More Than 75% in Preclinical Models
A new study in mice by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has found that a specialized type of immunotherapy—even when used without chemotherapy or radiation—can boost survival from pancreatic cancer by more than 75%. The findings are promising, and human clinical...
Telotristat Etiprate Shows Clinical Benefit in Treating Carcinoid Syndrome in Cancer Patients When Added to Standard of Care
Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc's telotristat etiprate was shown to have clinical benefit in treating carcinoid syndrome in cancer patients not adequately controlled by long-acting somatostatin analog therapy, the current standard of care, according to data from the phase III TELESTAR study presented...
Newly Discovered Tumor-Suppressor Gene Affects Melanoma Survival
Of the hundreds of genes that can be mutated in a single case of melanoma, only a handful may be true drivers of cancer. A new study published by Arafeh et al in Nature Genetics, a Weizmann Institute of Science team has revealed one of the drivers of a particularly deadly subset of melanomas that...
A Cancer Diagnosis Can Lead to Significant Loss of Working Hours, Income
A new analysis indicates that when American adults are diagnosed with cancer, they experience significant decreases in the probability of working, in the number of hours they work, and correspondingly, in their incomes. Such negative impacts of a cancer diagnosis are particularly pronounced among...
NCCN Unveils Evidence Blocks for CML and Multiple Myeloma
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), a not-for-profit alliance of 26 of the world's leading cancer centers, has unveiled its new value initiative—the NCCN Evidence Blocks, published within new versions of the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for...
ASTRO 2015: Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation With Brachytherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery Is as Effective as Whole-Breast Irradiation
For some early-stage breast cancer patients, accelerated partial-breast irradiation using multicatheter brachytherapy following breast-conserving surgery may be an excellent treatment option, as it has now been proven to be as effective as the current standard treatment—whole-breast...
Study Examines Links Between Viral and Bacterial Microbial Signatures and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Cancer is the result of normal cellular functions going wildly awry on a genetic level. That fact has been known for some time, but increasing evidence is showing that the human microbiome, the diverse population of microorganisms within every person, may play a key role in either setting the stage ...
Anticancer Effects of Drugs Overestimated by as Much as 45% in Preclinical Animal Studies
Badly designed studies may lead to the efficacy of drugs being overestimated and money being wasted on trials that prove fruitless, according to new a study from McGill University in Montreal. The findings, published by Henderson et al in eLife, highlight the importance of ensuring that other...
12-Year Ipsilateral Breast Invasive Recurrence in 7.5% to 13.4% of Women With Low-Risk DCIS Receiving Surgical Excision Without Radiation
As reported by Solin et al in Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12-year results from the ECOG-ACRIN E5194 trial indicate that among women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with low-risk clinical and pathologic characteristics, surgical excision without radiation therapy was associated with...
Surgical Resection Prolongs Survival for Patients Whose Melanoma Has Spread to the Abdomen
Surgical removal of melanoma that has metastasized to the abdomen appears to help patients live more than twice as long as those who receive only medical therapy, according to study results presented at the 2015 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons. In more than 1,600 patients...
Many Patients Do Not Accurately Recall Important Colonoscopy Details as Time Lapses
As time lapses, many patients who have undergone a colonoscopy become less and less likely to recall when and where they last had the procedure performed, who the doctor was who performed it, whether polyps were found, and, if so, the number and size of those polyps, according to new study results...
Palliative Care 2015: Panel Presents Recommendations to Improve Primary Palliative Care Services in Medical Oncology
When integrated into routine oncology care, palliative care can improve symptom burden, quality of life, and patient and caregiver satisfaction. However, because the number of palliative care specialists in the United States is too small to meet the number of patients requiring palliative care, the ...
Palliative Care 2015: Collaboration Between Radiation Oncologists and Palliative Care Specialists Improves Care for Patients With Advanced Cancer
An innovative service model that partners radiation oncology with palliative care leads to better results for patients, according to a new analysis. The model of care, established at Mount Sinai Medical Center, is one of only a handful in the country. The study (Abstract 110) will be presented at...
ASCO Endorses CHEST Guideline on Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed the current American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) guideline on treatment of small cell lung cancer, released in 2013. After review of evidence from an updated literature search covering 2011 to March 2015, an ASCO...
Palliative Radiotherapy May Be Overused in Late-Stage Lung Cancer
Almost half of patients with advanced lung cancer receive more than the recommended number of radiation treatments to reduce their pain, according to a new study published by Koshy et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Radiation therapy that is palliative can reduce the pain from...
Bariatric Surgery May Resolve Precancerous Uterine Lining Changes in Obese Women
A study evaluating the effects of bariatric surgery on obese women most at risk for cancer has found that the weight-loss surgery slashed participants' weight by one-third and eliminated precancerous uterine growths in those who had them. Other effects included improving patients' physical quality...
ECC 2015: Advanced Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Results From the NETTER-1 Trial
Results from a multicenter randomized international trial of an innovative treatment show a marked improvement in the length of time patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumors experience progression-free survival, researchers reported at the 2015 European Cancer Congressin Vienna, Austria, on...
ECC 2015: Children Exposed to Prenatal Cancer Treatment Show Normal Mental Processes and Heart Function
In a special session on cancer in pregnancy at the 2015 European Cancer Congress (Abstract 3205), Frédéric Amant, MD, PhD, said that new results from a study of 129 children, aged 1–3, born after prenatal exposure to cancer treatment, showed normal development of their...
RAB35 Protein Implicated in Oncogenic Process in the PI3K/AKT Pathway
A protein known to play a role in transporting the molecular contents of normal cells into and out of various intracellular compartments can also turn such cells cancerous by stimulating a key growth-control pathway. By conducting a large-scale search for regulators of the signaling pathway known...
Unprecedented Number of Mutations Identified in Rare Melanoma
A rare form of skin cancer known as desmoplasmic melanoma may possess the highest burden of gene mutations of any cancer, suggesting that immunotherapy may be a promising approach for treatment, according to an international team led by University of California San Francisco (UCSF) scientists. One...
Preclinical Study Shows Small-Protein Immunotherapeutic May Have More Antitumor Activity Than Conventional Antibodies
An engineered high-affinity programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) small protein that can bind to PD-L1 (PD-1 ligand) on tumors was found to be a more effective anticancer immunotherapeutic than conventional anti–PD-L1 antibodies, and this small protein was more effective in synergizing with...
Study Explores Link Between Breast Cancer Recurrence Score and Chemotherapy Use
A genetic test that helps predict whether some women’s breast cancer will recur might influence how chemotherapy is used, according to a study from Duke Medicine. The study found that low-risk patients who had the test appeared to opt for more treatment, and high-risk patients who were...
Internationally Acclaimed Cancer Researcher, Gianni Bonadonna, MD, Dies at 81
Gianni Bonadonna, MD, was considered the “Father of Italian Oncology,” but his scientific contributions to the field and his generous collegial spirit extended far beyond the shores of his native land. Dr. Bonadonna was at the forefront in the battle to convince the surgical...
Online Database Helps Organize Clinically Important Cancer Gene Mutations
Many clinical trials use genome sequencing to learn which genetic mutations are present in a patient’s tumor cells. The question is important, because targeting the right mutations with the right drugs can stop cancer in its tracks. But it can be difficult to determine which particular...
Stiffer Breast Tissue in Obese Women May Promote Tumor Growth
Women who are obese have a higher risk and a worse prognosis for breast cancer, but the reasons why remain unclear. A Cornell study published by Seo et al in Science Translational Medicine suggests that obesity changes the consistency of breast tissue in ways that predispose an individual to tumor...
ASCO Releases Updated Policy Statement on Genetic and Genomic Testing for Cancer Susceptibility
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) issued an updated policy statement on genetic and genomic testing for cancer susceptibility. Published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the statement reviews the ways in which new technologies are transforming the assessment and identification of ...
High Use of Complementary or Alternative Medicines in Older Patients With Cancer
Alternative medicines are widely thought to be at least harmless, and very often helpful, for a wide range of discomforts and illnesses. However, although they’re marketed as “natural,” they often contain active ingredients that can react chemically and biologically with other...
Study Finds Music Therapy Lowers Anxiety During Surgical Breast Biopsies
A first-of-its-kind study published by Bradley Palmer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that music therapy lessened anxiety for women undergoing surgical breast biopsies for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The 2-year study, conducted at University Hospitals (UH) Seidman Cancer Center, ...
Malaria-Causing Parasite May Contribute to Development of Burkitt Lymphoma
In an equatorial African region known as the “lymphoma belt,” children are ten times more likely than in other parts of the world to develop Burkitt lymphoma. This area is also plagued by high rates of malaria, and scientists have spent the past 50 years trying to understand how the two ...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Imiquimod and Topical Retinoid Therapy May Be Effective Against Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma
A novel combination therapy appears to be effective in treating patients with melanoma skin metastases, according to new research from the University of California (UC) Davis. Led by Emanual Maverakis, MD, of the UC Davis Department of Dermatology, the research found that interleukin-2...
Long-Term Survival in Ovarian Cancer May Be Better Than Expected in Some Patients
Combing data collected on thousands of California patients with ovarian cancer, University of California Davis researchers have determined that almost one-third of patients survived at least 10 years after diagnosis. The findings upend the notion that women diagnosed with cancer of the ovaries...
Delay in Treatment, Missed Diagnostic Testing Found Among Patients With Lung Cancer
Patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer may wait too long to receive treatment, and too many patients skip vital diagnostic steps that are needed to help determine the best possible treatment, according to findings published by Faris et al in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. The 5-year relative ...
Birinapant in Combination With Carboplatin May Be Effective Against Serous Ovarian Cancer
High-grade serous ovarian cancer often responds well to the chemotherapy drug carboplatin, but it frequently recurs after the first line of treatment. A team of University of California, Los Angeles, researchers has discovered that a subset of tumor cells that don’t produce the protein CA125, ...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Use of Biomarkers to Guide Decisions on Systemic Therapy for Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Van Poznak et al, ASCO has issued a clinical practice guideline on the use of biomarkers to guide decisions on systemic therapy in women with metastatic breast cancer. The statement is based on an ASCO expert panel assessment of systematic reviews, ...
Study Finds Underinvestment in Long-Term Cancer Research
Pharmaceutical firms underinvest in long-term research to develop new cancer-fighting drugs due to the greater time and cost required to conduct such research, according to a newly published study authored by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) economists. These findings were published by...
Protein Imbalance in Akt Pathway May Trigger Cancer
Cancer can be caused solely by protein imbalance within cells, a study of ovarian cancer has found. Until now, genetic aberrations have been seen as the main cause of almost all cancer. The research, published by Timsah et al in Oncogene, demonstrates that protein imbalance is a powerful prognostic ...
Risk-Appropriate Therapies Now Commonplace in Prostate Cancer Treatment
After decades of overtreatment for low-risk prostate cancer and inadequate management of its more aggressive forms, patients are now more likely to receive medical care matched to level of risk, according to a study by researchers at the University of California, San...
Researchers Decode Molecular Action of Combination Therapy for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
In their bid to find the best combination of therapies to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer, researchers at Mayo Clinic's Florida campus demonstrated that all histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are not created equal. In testing multiple HDAC inhibitors in combination with the chemotherapy drug...
Poor Survival in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Linked to Genetic Variation
As part of a multi-institutional effort, researchers with Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah have found that patients with multiple myeloma with a genetic variation in the gene FOPNL die, on average, 1 to 3 years sooner than patients without it. The finding was identified with...
30-Year Study Shows Moderate Hormone Suppression May Be Sufficient in Thyroid Cancer
A study of long-term thyroid cancer outcomes shows, among other findings, that moderate suppression of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which drives the disease, may be as beneficial as more extreme hormone suppression. Extreme thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression is associated with increased side...
