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Showing 4801 - 4850Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Early Breast Cancer: A ‘Win-Win’ Treatment Approach
INCREASING THE DOSE density of chemotherapy lowers the risk of recurrence and breast cancer death by about 15% in women with early breast cancer, according to a large, meticulously conducted meta-analysis by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG).1 The trials included in...
Extended Endocrine Therapy in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer: 2 Years as Effective as 5 Years
An additional 5 years of aromatase inhibitor therapy after 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy failed to improve disease-free survival compared with an additional 2 years of aromatase inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, according to the results ...
Ribociclib Doubles Progression-Free Survival in Premenopausal Breast Cancer
PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer benefited substantially from the addition of ribociclib (Kisqali) to first-line endocrine therapy plus medical ovarian suppression, according to results from the MONALEESA-7 study.1 At the 2017 San Antonio...
Front-Line Brentuximab Plus AVD vs Standard ABVD in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma
FRONT-LINE TREATMENT of advanced Hodgkin lymphoma with brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) plus doxorubicin/ vinblastine/dacarbazine (A+AVD) achieved superior outcomes compared with the standard four-drug regimen of doxorubicin/bleomycin/vinblastine/dacarbazine (ABVD). The substitution of brentuximab...
Reports From the Journal of Clinical Oncology
Immunotherapy in PD-L1–Positive Advanced Cervical Cancer Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) treatment was active in patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive advanced cervical cancer enrolled in the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 trial. The findings were reported by Jean-Sebastien Frenel, MD, of...
Phase II Data for Venetoclax/Ibrutinib Combination in Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
THE COMBINATION of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) plus venetoclax (Venclexta) achieved favorable responses in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to initial results of the phase II CLARITY trial presented at the 2017 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual ...
Daratumumab Improves Progression-Free Survival in Front-Line Myeloma Setting
FOR NEWLY DIAGNOSED multiple myeloma patients not eligible for transplant, the addition of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab (Darzalex) to subcutaneous bortezomib (Velcade), melphalan, and prednisone (VMP) reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 50%, the phase III ALCYONE...
Bosutinib Improves Response Rate vs Imatinib as First-Line Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
IN THE PHASE III BFORE trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jorge E. Cortes, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and colleagues, the SRC/ABL kinase inhibitor bosutinib (Bosulif) improved response rates vs imatinib in the first-line treatment of patients with...
Updated Follow-up of ZUMA-1 Confirms Benefit of CAR T-Cell Therapy in Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma
POSITIVE DATA about chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in lymphoma continue to accrue. Long-term follow-up of the pivotal ZUMA-1 trial shows that patients with refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) continue to have durable responses to the CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy...
ICER Releases Draft Evidence Report on CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Cancers
On December 19, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) released a Draft Evidence Report assessing the comparative clinical effectiveness and value of tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta). The draft report, along with draft voting...
BTK Inhibitor in Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
A phase II study (ACE-LY-004) reported in The Lancet by Wang et al showed durable responses with the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor acalabrutinib (Calquence) in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. The study supported the recent approval of acalabrutinib in this setting....
Study Finds Racial Disparities in Treatment of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Bickell et al found underuse of treatment for clinically significant prostate cancer was infrequent among white and black patients at two New York City hospitals, but black men accounted for nearly all such underuse of treatment. As noted by...
Does Warfarin Have Anticancer Potential in Persons Older Than Age 50?
A Norwegian population–based cohort study indicated that the use of warfarin was associated with a reduced risk of cancer overall and site-specific cancers among patients aged > 50 years. The findings were reported in JAMA Internal Medicine by Haaland et al. As noted by the investigators,...
Phase I Study Finds ERK1/2 Inhibitor Safe and Active in Advanced Solid Tumors
Ulixertinib (BVD-523) is an ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor with potent preclinical activity in BRAF- and RAS-mutant cell lines. Now, a multicenter phase I study investigating its safety and efficacy in the treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors has found that ulixertinib to have an acceptable...
ASH 2017: Acalabrutinib Demonstrates Activity in Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
At the 59th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, Wang et al presented results from the open-label, single-arm phase II ACE-LY-004 clinical trial, which served as the basis for the recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accelerated approval of acalabrutinib...
Anti–PD-L1 Antibody in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma After Platinum Failure
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Patel et al, the anti–programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody avelumab (Bavencio) produced durable responses in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma after failure of platinum-based therapy in two expansion cohorts of...
ASH 2017: People Aged 75 Years and Older Are Underrepresented in Blood Cancer Clinical Trials
In the first comprehensive analysis of clinical trial enrollment among older adults with blood cancers, researchers from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found significant gaps in participation among those aged 75 and older when considered against the incidence of these malignancies in...
Prevalence of Prior Cancer in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Cancer
In a study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data reported in JAMA Oncology, Murphy et al found that among persons newly diagnosed with cancer, 25% of those aged ≥ 65 years and 11% of those aged < 65 years had a history of a prior primary cancer. Prevalence of Prior...
Brian T. Hill, MD, PhD, on Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Younger Patients: Improvement in Overall Survival
Brian T. Hill, MD, PhD, of the Cleveland Clinic, discusses study findings that showed consolidation with autologous hematopoietic cell transplant in the first remission improves overall survival in patients younger than age 65 (Abstract 341).
ASH 2017: Clinical Activity Seen With Anti-BCMA CAR T-Cell Therapy in Heavily Pretreated Multiple Myeloma
A one-time infusion of an investigational chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that targets a protein found on most multiple myeloma cells elicited an 86% overall response rate in 21 patients whose disease had come back or had not responded after a median of seven prior treatments,...
ASH 2017: JULIET Trial: 6-Month Analysis of Tisagenlecleucel in Relapsed/Refractory DLBCL Shows Sustained Responses
Six months after receiving a single dose of tisagenlecleucel, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that targets CD-19, high response rates persist among adult patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), according to findings reported by Schuster et al at...
ASH 2017: CLARITY Trial: Combination Treatment With Two Targeted Agents Shows Promise in Previously Treated CLL
One-third of patients with previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) had no detectable disease after 6 months of combination therapy with the targeted agents ibrutinib (Imbruvica) and venetoclax (Venclexta), with no increase in the occurrence of tumor-lysis syndrome, a serious treatment ...
ASH 2017: RESONATE-2 Trial: Patient-Reported Outcomes on Ibrutinib Treatment in Patients With CLL
At the 2017 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, the 3-year follow-up data from the RESONATE-2 study (PCYC-1115/1116) were presented. The investigators found that patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL)...
SABCS 2017: Older Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer May Receive Similar Benefit From CDK4/6 Inhibitors as Younger Women
Older women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who were treated with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors achieved progression-free survival at a rate similar to that of younger women, according to data presented by Singh et al at the 2017 San...
Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
An observational study reported in The Lancet Oncology by -Wolthers et al in the Ponte di Legno Toxicity Working Group identified characteristics and the course of asparaginase-associated pancreatitis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Kjeld Schmiegelow, MD, of The University Hospital...
Untangling the Controversies of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
BOOKMARK Title: Hematopoietic Cell Transplants: Concepts, Controversies, and Future DirectionsEditors: Hillard M. Lazarus, MD; Robert Peter Gale, MD, PhD, DSc (hon), FACP; Armand Keating, MD, FRCP(C); Andrea Bacigalupo, MD; Reinhold Munker, MD; Kerry Atkinson, MBBS, MD, DTM&H, FRCP, FRACP; and...
Radiation Oncologist Gives Clear Advice to Patients With Cancer
BOOKMARK Title: Cancer: What You Need to Know: Overcome the 10 Common Mistakes Patients MakeAuthor: Stephen A. Rosenberg, MDPublisher: Stephen Rosenberg, MDYear Published: November 2017Price: $9.99, paperback, 248 pages Stephen A. Rosenberg, MD, is Chief Resident in Radiation Oncology at the...
Love Triumphs Amid a Battle With Cancer
BOOKMARK Title: The Red Devil: To Hell With Cancer—and BackAuthor: Katherine Russell RichPublisher: CrownDate Published: October 1999Price: $23.95, hardcover, 256 pages Over the past year or so, there have been several best-selling memoirs of people fighting and ultimately losing their battle with ...
Liposome-Encapsulated Daunorubicin and Cytarabine for AML Subtypes
On August 3, 2017, a liposome-encapsulated combination of daunorubicin and cytarabine (Vyxeos) was approved for treatment of adults with newly diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes.1,2 This is the first U.S. Food and Drug...
Ibrutinib in Chronic Graft-vs-Host Disease
On August 2, 2017, ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was approved for treatment of adult patients with chronic graft-vs-host disease after failure of one or more lines of systemic therapy.1,2 This is the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapy for treatment of chronic graft-vs-host...
Acalabrutinib in Previously Treated Mantle Cell Lymphoma
On October 31, 2017, the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor acalabrutinib (Calquence) was granted accelerated approval for treatment of adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma who have received at least one prior therapy.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on objective response...
SABCS 2017: Combined Residual Risk Score Test and Predicting Breast Cancer Risk in Women Who Tested Negative for Hereditary Mutations
Results from a validation study to better define the risk of breast cancer in women of European ancestry who tested negative for a hereditary cancer mutation with a hereditary cancer risk test (myRisk Hereditary Cancer test) were reported earlier this week in a spotlight presentation at the 2017...
Born in Chicago, Lymphoma Specialist Sonali M. Smith, MD, Never Left the Windy City
Nationally recognized lymphoma expert Sonali M. Smith, MD, was born and reared in Chicago to a mother who was a pediatrician and allergist, and a father who was an engineer. Her parents were first-generation immigrants from India who placed the value of education second to none. “I became used to...
Immunotherapy Has Indelibly Changed the Treatment Paradigm in Urothelial Carcinoma
Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy is the preferred first-line therapy for metastatic urothelial cancer and the only treatment shown to improve survival in patients with previously untreated disease for many years. This chemotherapy also has proven to be beneficial in the neoadjuvant and...
First-Line Pembrolizumab in Cisplatin-Ineligible Advanced Urothelial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Arjun V. Balar, MD, of Perlmutter Cancer Center of New York York Langone Medical Center, and colleagues, first-line pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic...
Answers to Hematology Expert Review Questions
Question 1 Which statement about epidemiology and clinical features of atypical CML is correct? Correct answer: C. Symptoms of atypical CML may be related to anemia and thrombocytopenia. Expert PerspectiveThe exact incidence of atypical CML is unknown, but the median patient age at diagnosis is in ...
New WHO Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues
The ASCO Post is pleased to present Hematology Expert Review, an ongoing feature that quizzes readers on issues in hematology. In this installment, Drs. Abutalib and Medeiros explore the recently updated World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue...
Vemurafenib in Erdheim-Chester Disease
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On November 6, 2017, vemurafenib (Zelboraf) was granted...
Cancer and Obesity: Not Such a Linear Relationship
Obesity has been established as a strong risk factor for the development of cancer. African Americans and Hispanics are particularly at risk, and their access to health care is often poor. How do racial and ethnic disparities in the development of obesity as well as access to care intersect to...
Caring for the Frail, Older Patient With Cancer: Four Practical Approaches
Cancer may be a disease of aging, but data suggest that older patients with cancer are undertreated, especially with respect to chemotherapy. One analysis showed that approximately 40% of patients in their 70s—and 60% of patients in their 80s—do not receive adjuvant therapy after surgery for colon...
Preparing for Steep Increase in Breast Cancer Among the Elderly
“We are in the midst of a steep increase” in the incidence of breast cancer among women aged 65 years and older, Arti Hurria, MD, reported at the 19th Annual Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium, Chicago.1 “Are we prepared as a health-care system and as providers to address this burgeoning need?” she...
Evidence-Based Support for Triplet Therapies in Multiple Myeloma
Over the past 15 years, multiple myeloma has garnered among the highest number of regulatory approvals by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of all phases of the disease. This fast-expanding repertoire of treatment options has pushed the median survival of multiple...
HPV Vaccination and Oral HPV Infections in Young Adults in the United States
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chaturvedi et al found that whereas prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has reduced the incidence of oral HPV infection in young adults compared with no vaccination, low uptake of the vaccine has resulted in a modest overall...
SABCS 2017: Increasing the Dose Intensity of Chemotherapy May Lower the Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Death
Increasing the dose intensity of chemotherapy—by either shortening the intervals between the cycles or by sequential administration instead of concurrent administration of the drugs—reduced the risk of early-stage breast cancer recurrence and death compared with standard chemotherapy...
FGFR Kinase Inhibitor in FGFR-Altered Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Javle et al found that the oral pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) kinase inhibitor BGJ398 was active in FGFR-altered advanced cholangiocarcinoma. It is estimated that FGFR2 fusions/translocations are present in 13% to 17%...
Extended Intermittent vs Continuous Adjuvant Therapy for Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
The phase III SOLE trial has shown no disease-free survival benefit with extended intermittent vs continuous adjuvant letrozole in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. These findings were reported by Colleoni et al in The Lancet Oncology. As noted by the investigators, the findings suggest an...
Comparison of EGFR Inhibitors in Untreated Advanced EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Soria et al, the phase III FLAURA trial has shown a significant progression-free survival benefit with the third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib (Tagrisso) vs standard EGFR TKIs in...
Association of Fiber Intake After Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Survival
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Song et al found that higher fiber intake after diagnosis of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer is associated with improved colorectal cancer–specific and overall survival. The benefit was also observed with a higher intake of whole grains. Study Details...
Immunotherapy in Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Doi et al, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) showed activity in patients with previously treated advanced esophageal carcinoma in the phase Ib multicohort KEYNOTE-028 study. Study Details In the study, eligible patients with squamous cell carcinoma or...
Climbing Costs for Treating Breast Cancer Poised to Strain Medicare in the Near Future
With cancer care costs projected to increase 32% from 2010 to 2020, researchers are working to determine the main drivers of costs for treating breast cancer. In a study led by Ami Vyas, PhD, MS, MBA, of the University of Rhode Island, published in the November issue of JNCCN–Journal of the...
