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Showing 3851 - 3900Drainage of Massive Ascites: Patient of Nicholas Senn, MD
Prior to the 20th century, there were very few specific therapies for disease. Many diseases, especially cancers and infections, resulted in accumulations of fluid or pus in body cavities. Physicians had to become masters of the trocar, needle, and catheter. They learned to artfully remove fluid...
Factors Predictive of Outcomes With Dabrafenib/Trametinib in Metastatic BRAF-Mutant Melanoma
Long et al identified factors predictive of progression-free and overall survival with combined dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus trametinib (Mekinist) in patients with BRAF V600E–mutant or BRAF V600K–mutant metastatic melanoma, according to a pooled individual data analysis reported in The...
How When Breath Becomes Air Is Helping the Public—and Physicians—Confront Their Mortality
It should not come as a surprise to anyone who has read Dr. Paul Kalanithi’s brilliant—and unforgettable—memoir, When Breath Becomes Air (Random House, 2016), that nearly a year after publication, it remains on The New York Times best-seller list, its popularity only increasing with time. Written...
Pembrolizumab in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
On October 24, 2016, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was approved for use in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (tumor proportion score ≥ 50%) as determined by a U.S. Food and Drug Administration...
At ESMO 2016, Many Phase III Trials Fail to Meet Primary Endpoints
The 2016 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress revealed many important positive findings from key trials in a number of tumor types, but many highly anticipated phase III trials in advanced disease failed to meet their primary endpoints. The ASCO Post has summarized several of these ...
Numerous ESMO Presentations Focused on Anti–PD-1 Therapy in Lung Cancer and Melanoma
The 2016 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress was jam-packed with studies of the anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies in non–small cell lung cancer and melanoma, where they have clearly changed the treatment paradigm. Here is a roundup of some of those trials,...
Lack of Standardized Definitions of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas Hampers the Collection of Reliable Data
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers. Some subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are often misdiagnosed as benign skin diseases, making it challenging to gather reliable epidemiologic data. At the 3rd World Congress of Cutaneous Lymphomas (sponsored by the International...
Prospective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index Initiative Moves Forward
A collaboration of international experts is tackling the challenges involved in understanding and managing the treatment of cutaneous lymphomas. The Prospective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (PROCLIPI) study from the Cutaneous Lymphoma International Consortium brings together...
Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancers Report Long-Term Health Issues
Although progress in treatment and supportive care for children with cancer has resulted in improved survival of these patients, some survivors experience ongoing medical conditions from their cancer or its treatment, including poor general health, poor mental health, functional impairment,...
Cautious Optimism About Olaratumab in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
The current plethora of drugs in development for oncology is leading to the testing of novel agents in common as well as rare diseases. Targeted therapies have been a focus of great interest in soft-tissue sarcomas, with testing of a variety of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors leading to the...
Cabozantinib Shows Activity in Advanced RET-Rearranged NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Drilon et al found that cabozantinib (Cabometyx) produced responses in some patients with advanced RET-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RET rearrangements are found in 1% to 2% of NSCLCs. In the single-arm study, 25 evaluable ...
Expert Point of View: Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD
Commenting on ASCEND-5, Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD, Director of Thoracic Oncology at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, noted that it is the first randomized study to examine how a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor compares to standard second-line...
Studies Confirm Ceritinib’s Benefit in ALK-Positive Patients
For patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring the ALK gene rearrangement, ceritinib (Zykadia) provided longer progression-free survival than chemotherapy in patients previously treated with chemotherapy and crizotinib (Xalkori), but gastrointestinal toxicity was...
Expert Point of View: Paul Baas, MD, PhD
Invited discussant Paul Baas, MD, PhD, of The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, first commented on the need for measures to improve outcomes in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). “Even in stage I patients, we still have a failure rate of 30% to 40% at 5 years, and that...
Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Appears Safe and Feasible in Lung Cancer
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) is safe and feasible in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results come from the first report of PD-1 blockade prior to surgery in this tumor, according to Patrick Forde, MD, of...
Immunotherapy Clinical Trials Actively Recruiting Patients With Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The information contained in this Clinical Trials Resource Guide includes actively recruiting clinical studies focused on immunotherapy as treatment for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These studies are researching programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody therapy; hypofractionated...
‘Breakthrough’ in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: Niraparib Extends Progression-Free Survival in Platinum-Sensitive Disease
A landmark study showed that the investigational PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase) 1/2 inhibitor niraparib, when used as maintenance therapy, significantly improves the outcome of platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Specifically, niraparib significantly prolonged progression-free survival ...
Pembrolizumab as First-Line Therapy in Metastatic NSCLC: Practice-Changing Implications of KEYNOTE-024 Trial
We are in the midst of a paradigm shift in lung cancer. In the past 2 years, the anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) inhibitors nivolumab (Opdivo) and pembrolizumab (Keytruda) were found to improve overall survival in the second-line setting compared with docetaxel for patients with...
Pembrolizumab Improves Outcomes vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced PD-L1–Positive NSCLC
In the phase III KEYNOTE-024 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Martin Reck, MD, PhD, of the German Center of Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, and colleagues, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) significantly improved progression-free and overall survival vs platinum-based chemotherapy in...
Update on Neoplastic Hematology: Review of Recent Clinical Trials
Here is a brief look at the study findings and clinical implications of several recent and important clinical trials in neoplastic hematology. Attention is focused on myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Myelodysplastic Syndromes Clinical Trial:...
ASCO’s TAPUR Study Has More Than 100 Participants Receiving Treatment Drugs and 25 New Clinical Trial Sites
More than 100 participants are now enrolled on study drug in ASCO’s Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) Study. The trial launched in March 2016 at 37 sites, and in November, it welcomed its newest participating clinical sites: Cancer Treatment Centers of America,...
SITC 2016: Phase I/II Data Combining Urelumab With Nivolumab Suggest Increased Antitumor Effect in Patients With Melanoma
Safety and efficacy data from a phase I/II study of urelumab in combination with nivolumab (Opdivo) in patients with hematologic and solid tumors, including biomarker analyses by level of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, was recently presented at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer ...
‘Exceptional Response’ to First-Line Vismodegib Reported in Patient With Unresectable/Multifocal Adult Medulloblastoma
In a case report in Cancer Biology & Therapy, Lou et al described an exceptional response to first-line treatment with the hedgehog inhibitor vismodegib (Erivedge) in a 51-year-old patient with a history of basal cell carcinoma who was diagnosed with an unresectable/multifocal form of adult...
Factors in Clonal Evolution of Chemotherapy-Resistant Urothelial Carcinoma Identified
Faltas et al identified factors in the clonal evolution of chemotherapy-resistant urothelial carcinoma, according to a study reported in Nature Genetics. Findings included wide intrapatient mutational heterogeneity and enrichment for clonal mutations involving L1 cell–adhesion molecule...
Study Finds Cabozantinib Alone or With Erlotinib Improves Outcome in EGFR Wild-Type NSCLC
Treatment with the multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib (Cabometyx) alone or with erlotinib (Tarceva) improved progression-free survival vs erlotinib alone in second- or third-line treatment of advanced nonsquamous epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type non–small cell lung cancer...
New ALK Inhibitor, Brigatinib, Active in ALK-Rearranged Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a phase I/II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gettinger et al found that the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor brigatinib, which showed preclinical activity against ALK mutants resistant to crizotinib (Xalkori) and other ALK inhibitors, was active in patients with ALK-rearranged...
NCCN Challenges Medical Community to ‘Just Bag It’ to Eradicate Deadly Medical Error
As part of its mission to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of cancer care so that patients can live better lives, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®) has announced the launch of Just Bag It: The NCCN Campaign for Safe Vincristine...
Do Cancer Survivors Use Medications for Anxiety and Depression at a Higher Rate Than Those Without Cancer?
In a study of population-based data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hawkins et al found that adult cancer survivors receive medication for anxiety and depression at twice the rate of that in adults without cancer. The study involved data from the National Health Interview Survey for...
Enrollment Disparity in National Lung Cancer Trials
Pang et al found that the enrollment disparity in clinical trials in lung cancer has been reduced in recent years for older patients and women overall, according to a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. However, disparities persist for elderly women, blacks, Asian/Pacific Islanders, ...
Risk for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients
In the HIV-negative population, there is growing evidence suggesting that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are both associated with the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), although the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. The incidence rate of NHL ...
Enrollment Completed for Phase III ECHELON-2 Clinical Trial Evaluating Front-Line Brentuximab Vedotin in Mature T-Cell Lymphoma
Seattle Genetics, Inc, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited have announced completion of patient enrollment in the ECHELON-2 clinical trial. ECHELON-2 is a global phase III randomized trial evaluating brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) as part of a front-line combination chemotherapy regimen in...
Modified Indication for Erlotinib in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
On October 18, 2016, the indication for erlotinib (Tarceva) in the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was modified to limit use to patients with tumors with specific epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in maintenance or second- or greater-line treatment; these mutations...
Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, Honored With Goizueta Chair for Cancer Research at Winship Cancer Institute
Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, Deputy Director of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and Assistant Dean for Cancer Research in the Emory School of Medicine, was honored with the Roberto C. Goizueta Distinguished Chair for Cancer Research. The endowment was established to support a key leader...
Diagnosing and Managing Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of cancer treatment—the incidence is reported to be as high as 70% in the first month of chemotherapy1—and can cause significant disability in patients. The extent of the neurotoxicity incurred by patients varies depending on the...
Forging Collaboration Between Children’s and Adult Oncology Groups in Designing Trials for Adolescents and Young Adults
Nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft-tissue sarcomas account for about 5% of all childhood malignancies and are also diagnosed in adolescents and young adults, as well as in older adults, and can require different approaches to treatment based on a patient’s age and stage of disease. These sarcomas comprise...
Atezolizumab in Previously Treated Metastatic NSCLC
On October 18, 2016, the anti–PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) antibody atezolizumab (Tecentriq) was approved for the treatment of metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressing during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy.1,2 Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ...
FDA Approves Pembrolizumab as First-Line Treatment for PD-L1–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
On October 24, 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the treatment of patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as determined by an FDA-approved test. This is the first...
Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancers Report Long-Term Health Issues
Although progress in treatment and supportive care for children with cancer has resulted in improved survival of these patients, some survivors experience ongoing medical conditions from their cancer or its treatment, including poor general health, poor mental health, functional impairment,...
Improved Outcome Reported With Local Consolidative Therapy in Oligometastatic NSCLC Without Progression After First-Line Systemic Therapy
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gomez et al found that local consolidative therapy (with or without maintenance therapy) improved progression-free survival in patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had up to three metastatic disease lesions and no...
Expert Point of View: Jean-Charles Soria, MD, PhD
A number of lung cancer specialists were anxious to comment on the positive findings of KEYNOTE-024 and were equally perplexed about the negative results of CheckMate-026. All agreed that the overall survival benefit makes pembrolizumab (Keytruda) a game-changer for the first-line treatment of...
Pembrolizumab, but Not Nivolumab, Improves Outcomes in Front-Line Setting for PD-L1–Positive Advanced NSCLC
Checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but evidence of their benefit was restricted to the second-line setting. However, early-phase trials with both pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo) demonstrated favorable results in...
7 Substances Added to HHS 14th Report on Carcinogens
The release of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) 14th Report on Carcinogens on November 3, 2016, included 7 newly reviewed substances, bringing the cumulative total to 248 listings. The chemical trichloroethylene (TCE), the metallic element cobalt, and cobalt compounds...
Introduction
As expensive cancer biologics move off patent, biosimilar products are coming on board. These are highly similar versions of licensed biologics that demonstrate near-fingerprint identity to their reference products in terms of structure and potency. Biosimilars represent a major opportunity for...
Expert Point of View: Jean-Charles Soria, MD, PhD
Formal discussant Jean-Charles Soria, MD, PhD, of Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, and Editor-in-Chief of Annals of Oncology (the official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology [ESMO]), tried to put these findings into perspective. He pointed out that when applying the...
Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy Improves Outcomes Over Chemotherapy Alone in Advanced NSCLC
Combining immunotherapy with a standard chemotherapy doublet appears to be an attractive option for the front-line treatment of advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to the results of a phase II study presented at the 2016 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)...
Expert Point of View: Axel Bex, MD, PhD
The formal discussant of this trial, Axel Bex, MD, PhD, of The Netherlands Cancer Institute in Amsterdam, was cautious in interpreting these results to be practice-changing. “I congratulate the investigators for the first-ever positive trial for adjuvant treatment of renal cell carcinoma,” he...
Expert Point of View: Corey J. Langer, MD
Corey J. Langer, MD, Director of Thoracic Oncology and Professor of Medicine at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, discussed the OAK study with The ASCO Post. Robust Data “In some ways, the OAK data are some of the most robust we have seen in the second-line setting. For ...
Personalized Risk Assessment Tool for Lung Cancer in Never, Light, and Heavy Smokers
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have developed a new personalized assessment tool that could better predict lung cancer risk in never, light, and heavy smokers using a large Taiwanese prospective cohort study. By incorporating risk factor—in addition to...
Notable Gains in Survival Achieved With Atezolizumab in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor atezolizumab (Tecentriq) significantly improved overall survival, compared to docetaxel, in previously treated, advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to preliminary results of the phase III OAK study. The findings are the first...
Poorer Outcomes Reported After ASCT in Double-Hit and Double-Expressor Relapsed and Refractory Lymphomas
Patients with double-hit and double-expressor relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphomas have poorer outcomes after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), according to the findings of a retrospective analysis reported by Herrera et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Double-hit...
