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Showing 30801 - 30850Immunologic Factors Predict Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy With or Without Carboplatin in Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Denkert et al found that increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the presence of lymphocyte-predominant breast cancer were associated with increased rates of pathologic complete response in patients receiving neoadjuvant...
Acceptable Cardiac Safety of Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine After Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Early-Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Krop et al found that ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) had an acceptable cardiac safety profile when used after anthracycline-based (neo)adjuvant therapy in women with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. Study Details In the study,...
New Study Assesses Inclusion of Family in Cancer Patients’ Treatment Decisions
Family members often play an important role in providing care for patients with cancer, but which patients are more or less likely to involve family members in decisions regarding their care is not well known. A new study published by Hobbs et al in Cancer provides some insights and may help...
Lower Household Net Worth and Black Race Associated With Nonadherence to Hormonal Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hershman et al found that nonadherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy for early-stage breast cancer was more common among black women and patients with lower household net worth, with the latter factor partly accounting for the racial...
Oral Bisphosphonate Use Reduces Risk of Postmenopausal Endometrial Cancer
Bisphosphonate use for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women has been associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, including in a study in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) population. In a WHI study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Newcomb et al...
Colorectal Cancer Benefits With Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening in SCORE Trial Are Generalizable to Broader Population
The Italian SCORE trial is among several recent large European randomized trials showing the benefit of flexible sigmoidoscopy screening on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Senore et al found that characteristics of...
FDA Approves First Biosimilar Product Filgrastim‑Sndz
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved filgrastim-sndz (Zarxio), the first biosimilar product approved in the United States. A biosimilar product is a biologic product that is approved based on a showing that it is highly similar to an already-approved biologic. The biosimilar...
Preclinical Study Shows Promise for the Development of Personalized Cellular Therapy for Brain Cancer
Immune cells engineered to seek out and attack a type of deadly brain cancer were found to be safe and effective at controlling tumor growth in mice that were treated with these modified cells, according a team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the Novartis...
No Improvement in Overall Survival With Addition of Anti-EGFR Antibody Necitumumab to First-Line Pemetrexed-Cisplatin in Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC
In the phase III INSPIRE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Paz-Ares et al found that the addition of the anti-EGFR IgG1 monoclonal antibody necitumumab to first-line pemetrexed (Alimta)-cisplatin did not improve overall survival in patients with previously untreated stage IV nonsquamous...
Harold Varmus, MD, Stepping Down as Director of the National Cancer Institute
Harold Varmus, MD, who has led the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for nearly 5 years, has announced that he will step down from his post, effective March 31, 2015. Dr. Varmus will be joining Weill Cornell Medical College's faculty as the Lewis Thomas...
Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor Alisertib Active in Solid Tumors
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Melichar et al found that the oral aurora kinase A inhibitor alisertib was active in solid tumors, particularly breast cancer and small cell lung cancer. Aurora kinases play central roles in mitosis. Inhibition of aurora kinase A, which is...
Study Finds Websites That Market Personalized Cancer Care Services Overemphasize Benefits
A recent analysis of 55 Internet websites marketing a broad range of tests and services that promise the ability to personalize cancer treatment has found that the websites often overemphasize their purported benefits and downplay their limitations. In addition, the study results show that the...
FDA Approves Nivolumab to Treat Metastatic Squamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of patients with metastatic squamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds ...
Early Study Shows Cabazitaxel May Be More Effective Than Docetaxel in Some Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a new study reported by de Leeuw et al in Clinical Cancer Research, researchers found that the novel taxane cabazitaxel (Jevtana) has properties that could make it more effective than docetaxel in some patients with advanced prostate cancer. This hypothesis is currently being tested in a phase...
Meta-Analysis Shows Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer With Menopausal Hormone Therapy
In a study reported in The Lancet, the Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer found that use of menopausal hormone therapy was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, with the risk being highest among current users. The study consisted of meta-analyses of...
No Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Orteronel to Prednisone in Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III ELM-PC 4 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Saad et al found that the addition of the CYP 17,20 lyase inhibitor orteronel to prednisone did not improve overall survival in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Improvement in...
Decision Aid Including Information on Overdetection Increases Informed Choice in Breast Screening and Reduces Intention to Be Screened
In a study reported in The Lancet, Hersch et al found that use of a decision aid containing information on overdetection in breast cancer screening was associated with an increased rate of informed choice regarding screening, a reduced rate of positive attitudes toward screening, and reduced...
Phase III Trial Shows Improved Survival With Long‑Term Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Plus High-Dose Radiotherapy in Localized Prostate Cancer
In the Spanish phase III DART01/05 GICOR trial reported in Lancet Oncology, Zapatero and colleagues found that long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) increased biochemical disease-free survival and overall survival vs short-term ADT when combined with high-dose radiotherapy in men with...
CLEOPATRA Study: Significant Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Swain et al, the final prespecified overall survival analysis in the phase III CLEOPATRA study showed a significant 15.7-month increase in median overall survival over 50 months of follow-up with the addition of pertuzumab (Perjeta) to...
Study Finds Improved Survival for Young Patients With Brain Metastases Who Receive Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
Cancer patients with limited brain metastases (one to four tumors) who are 50 years old and younger should receive stereotactic radiosurgery without whole-brain radiotherapy, according to a study by Saghal et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics....
Human Reovirus Formulation Receives FDA Orphan Drug Designation for Fallopian Tube Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug designation for Oncolytics Biotech’s proprietary formulation of the human reovirus (Reolysin) for the treatment of fallopian tube cancer. The designation was granted on the basis of the company's December 2014 application for ...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
Patients who received chemotherapy after bladder cancer surgery demonstrated an approximately 30% lower risk of death than those who underwent surgery alone, according to an analysis presented by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai at the 2015 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, ...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to EBV-Targeted T Cells for Treatment of EBV-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disease
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Atara Biotherapeutics’ optioned cytotoxic T lymphocytes activated against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV-CTL) in the treatment of patients with rituximab...
NRAS Mutations in Advanced Melanoma Correlate With Increased Benefit From Immunotherapies
Researchers investigating whether tumor genotype correlates with benefit from immune therapy in melanoma has found that patients whose tumors had NRAS mutations had better response to immunotherapy and better outcomes than patients whose tumors had other genetic subtypes. The results suggest that...
Study Finds Immunohistochemistry Is More Effective Than FISH in Detecting EML4-ALK Rearrangments in Lung Cancer
A retrospective study by Pekar-Zlotin et al investigating fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting EML4-ALK rearrangement in patients with lung cancer has found that FISH may miss a significant number of patients who tested positive with...
Sipuleucel-T Demonstrates Sustained Immune Response 2 Years After Treatment in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Preliminary results from the phase II STAND trial have demonstrated a robust immune response with sipuleucel-T (Provenge) that continues 2 years after completing treatment in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. The findings, along with data from an ongoing phase IV registry related to ...
Study Shows Lack of RNA Editing Leads to Melanoma Growth and Metastasis
In a new study reported by Shoshan et al in Nature Cell Biology, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center established a link between melanoma and lack of RNA editing, which leads to tumor growth and progression through manipulation of proteins. Study Findings Study lead...
Novel Cell Profiling Technique May Help Personalize Cancer Treatments
Researchers have developed a lab test called Dynamic BH3 Profiling (DBP) to measure early changes in net proapoptotic signaling at the mitochondrion induced by chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cells. In cell-line and clinical experiments, the test accurately predicted chemotherapy response across...
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of First- and Second-Line Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a U.S.-based cost-effectiveness analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Goldstein et al found high costs per quality-adjusted life-year with the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy in first- and second-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Study Details...
Active Surveillance of Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Associated With Decreased Survival
An analysis of data on 945 patients with prostate cancer that is managed with active surveillance shows differences in outcomes depending on whether the patient was low or intermediate risk at diagnosis. Compared to patients with low-risk disease, those with intermediate-risk cancer (PSA > 10...
Adjuvant Sorafenib and Sunitinib Do Not Improve Outcomes in Locally Advanced Kidney Cancer
Findings from a federally funded study suggest that patients with locally advanced kidney cancer should not be treated with either adjuvant sorafenib (Nexavar) or sunitinib (Sutent). The average period to disease recurrence was similar between those who received sorafenib or sunitinib after surgery ...
Men Who Have Had Testicular Cancer May Be More Likely to Develop Prostate Cancer
A case-control study of close to 180,000 men suggests that the incidence of prostate cancer is higher among men with a history of testicular cancer (12.6%) than among those without a history of testicular cancer (2.8%). Men who have had testicular cancer were also more likely to develop...
Inconclusive Outcome for Lapatinib vs Trastuzumab Plus Capecitabine in Preventing CNS Metastases as First Relapse Site in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III CEREBEL study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pivot et al compared lapatinib (Tykerb)-capecitabine vs trastuzumab (Herceptin)-capecitabine in the prevention of central nervous system (CNS) metastases as first relapse site in patients with metastatic HER2-positive...
Early Evidence of Increase in Higher-Risk Prostate Cancers From 2011 to 2013
An analysis of data on roughly 87,500 men treated for prostate cancer since 2005 found a notable increase in higher-risk cases of the disease between 2011 and 2013. The retrospective analysis of patient data found the proportion of men diagnosed with intermediate- and high-risk disease increased by ...
Androgen Receptor Abnormality May Not Be Associated With Primary Resistance to Taxane Chemotherapy
Findings from a small prospective study suggest that androgen receptor V7 (or AR-V7) status does not significantly affect response to taxane chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Treatment outcomes were largely similar for the 17 patients with...
FDA Approves Panobinostat Combination for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved panobinostat (Farydak) in combination with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Panobinostat is the first histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved to treat multiple myeloma. It is...
Classic vs Rare EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Have Distinct Epidemiology, Clinical Implications
Certain rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with tobacco smoking, worse prognosis, and poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, compared with more common, classic EGFR mutations. However, as not all rare mutations are the same, testing and therapy...
New Model Provides Improved Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk in African American Women
Breast cancer risk prediction models have underestimated the risk for African American women, a factor that has contributed to lower rates of recruitment to prevention trials in this population. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boggs et al developed a risk model, derived...
Final 8-Year Analysis of Intergroup Trial Shows Survival Benefit With Addition of Radiotherapy to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer
In the final prespecified analysis of an Intergroup trial (NCIC Clinical Trials Group PR.3/Medical Research Council PR07/Intergroup T94-0110) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mason et al found that overall survival and cancer-specific survival at 8 years were significantly greater with ...
Japanese Study Indicates Death at Home Is Better for Terminally Ill Cancer Patients
In a Japanese study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kinoshita et al found that death at home vs palliative care units or hospitals was better for terminally ill cancer patients and was not associated with an increased caregiver burden. Study Details The study included two...
Prior Cancer Does Not Affect Outcomes Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Analysis of data from 102,929 patients with stage IV lung cancer found that “prior cancer does not convey an adverse effect on clinical outcomes, regardless of prior cancer stage, type, or timing.” Based on these findings, investigators from the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center,...
Improved Prognosis for Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer With Large Reductions in Mammographic Density After Tamoxifen Initiation
Improved prognosis for women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer who experience a large reduction in mammographic density following the initiation of tamoxifen treatment extends to premenopausal as well as postmenopausal women, researchers reported in the Journal of the National...
Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations Are Common Among Women With Early Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy
Emergency room visits and hospitalizations are common among patients with early breast cancer receiving chemotherapy, particularly among those receiving a regimen containing docetaxel, according to a report by Enright et al in the Journal of Oncology Practice. “In this population-based cohort ...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Adding Bevacizumab to Endocrine Therapy in First-Line Treatment for Advanced Breast Cancer
In a Spanish-German phase III LEA trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Martín et al found that adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to endocrine therapy with letrozole or fulvestrant (Faslodex) in the first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer did not...
Sensor Technology May Help Improve the Accuracy of Clinical Breast Exams
Sensor technology has the potential to significantly improve the teaching of proper technique for clinical breast exams, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. The results of the study were published in a correspondence in The...
Axillary Ultrasound After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive Breast Cancer Could Reduce Sentinel Lymph Node False-Negative Rate
In the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z1071 trial, sentinel lymph node surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a 12.6% false-negative rate in breast cancer patients with cN1 disease. In an analysis of axillary ultrasound findings in the trial, a secondary endpoint,...
Patient Request/Demand for Clinically Inappropriate Intervention Uncommon in Outpatient Setting
Increases in medical costs are often attributed to ‘demanding’ patients. In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Gogineni et al found that approximately 9% of patient encounters in outpatient oncology clinics included patient demands or requests for tests or treatment, that the majority...
Lower 30-Day Mortality, Increased Likelihood of Chemotherapy With Laparoscopic vs Open Colectomy for Stage III Colon Cancer
“In routine clinical practice, laparoscopic colectomy is associated with lower 30-day mortality, shorter length of stay, and greater likelihood of adjuvant chemotherapy initiation among stage III colon cancer patients when compared with open colectomy,” according to an analysis of data...
Improved TNM Prediction of Survival in HPV‑Related Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Huang et al showed that recursive portioning analysis (RPA) could be used to provide TNM stage grouping with improved prediction of survival in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related nonmetastatic oropharyngeal carcinoma. ...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
