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Showing 21851 - 21900Further Improvement Needed in Breast MRI Use in Community Practice
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Wernli et al evaluated use of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the community setting from 2005 to 2009. They found that although recommended use of MRI for screening of high-risk women is increasing, considerable progress is needed in...
Increase in Breast MRIs Does Not Reflect Recommendations for Appropriate Use
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Stout et al assessed use of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the community setting from 2000 to 2011. They found a steep increase in use in screening and surveillance, with most women not meeting American Cancer Society (ACS) criteria for...
FDA Approves Sorafenib to Treat Late-Stage Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today expanded the approved uses of sorafenib (Nexavar) to treat late-stage differentiated thyroid cancer. The new indication is for patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive differentiated thyroid cancer that no longer responds to radioactive...
Epigenetic Modification of HAND2 May Be Associated With the Development of Endometrial Cancer
In a study reported in the journal PLoS One, Allison Jones, MD, of the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, and colleagues analyzed the functional role of epigenetic factors in endometrial cancer development. They found that HAND2 methylation...
Study Finds Possible Link Between Allergies and Increased Risk of Hematologic Cancers in Women
A team of researchers looking into the interplay of the immune system and cancer have found a link between a history of airborne allergies—in particular to plants, grass, and trees—with risk of blood cancers in women. The same association was not found in men, suggesting a possible...
PIK3CA Mutation Fails to Predict Outcome of Irinotecan-Based Therapy in Stage III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Shuji Ogino, MD, PhD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, and colleagues from the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology evaluated the association of PIK3CA mutations with outcome in patients with stage III...
Increasing Proportion of Head and Neck Cancer Patients Treated at Teaching Hospitals
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Neil Bhattacharyya, MD, of Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, and Elliot Abemayor, MD, PhD, of David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, analyzed recent patterns of hospitalization for head and neck...
Smoking Increases Risk of Death for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Survivors
Survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who are former or current smokers are more likely to have their disease progress, relapse, or spread, and are more likely to die of their disease, compared with survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who have never smoked, according to a study published in...
Internet-Based Intervention Improves Cancer-Related Sexual Dysfunction in Women
An Internet-based intervention may significantly improve both sexual function and satisfaction in women with sexual dysfunction years after treatment for breast or gynecologic cancer, according to a randomized trial reported in the November issue of the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer...
Brentuximab Vedotin Plus ABVD or AVD Is Highly Active in Newly Diagnosed Hodgkin Lymphoma
Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) is active in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In a phase I study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Anas Younes, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (formerly of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center), and colleagues...
Studies Reveal Multiple Gene Alterations Responsible for Drug Resistance in BRAF-Mutated Melanoma
Two studies using whole-exome sequencing of treatment-resistant BRAF-mutated melanomas have identified multiple gene alterations, mostly affecting the MAPK pathway. Molecularly profiling BRAF-mutated melanoma patients at the time of resistance may improve their care by tailoring combinations of...
Tasquinimod May Improve Survival in Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
An investigational prostate cancer treatment slows the disease’s progression and may increase survival, especially among men whose cancer has spread to the bones, according an analysis led by the Duke Cancer Institute. The study, published in the journal Clinical Cancer Research, adds...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Minimal Residual Disease in Children With High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) with conventional chemotherapy may improve the outcome of bone marrow transplantation for some children battling high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study led by St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The results appear in the...
MicroRNA Signature Predicts Risk of Recurrence After Surgery for Stage II Colon Cancer
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jia-Xing Zhang, MD, of Sun Yat-sen University, and colleagues identified a six-microRNA (miRNA) signature that predicted risk of recurrence after surgery for stage II colon cancer and that may help to identify patients most likely to benefit from adjuvant ...
New Studies Provide Insight Into Melanoma Drug Resistance Pathways and Strategy for Obtaining Durable Responses
Approximately 50% of metastatic melanomas harbor the BRAF mutation, and although most of these melanomas respond dramatically to treatment with BRAF inhibitors, such as vemurafenib (Zelboraf) and dabrafenib (Tafinlar), nearly all develop resistance to the drugs within 7 to 8 months. While previous...
Predictors of Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis Identified in Thin Melanomas
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dale Han, MD, of Moffitt Cancer Center, and colleagues in the Sentinel Lymph Node Working Group attempted to identify factors predictive of sentinel lymph node metastasis in thin melanomas. They found that Breslow thickness ≥ 0.75 mm, ...
STAT3 Activation Is Associated With Poor Survival in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With R-CHOP
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xin Huang, PhD, of the National Clinical Research Center of Cancer in Tianjin, and colleagues investigated whether STAT3 activation can identify patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP (rituximab [Rituxan] plus...
Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy Concurrent With Lumpectomy Noninferior to External-Beam Radiotherapy in Preventing Local Breast Cancer Recurrence
In a randomized noninferiority trial (TARGIT-A) reported in The Lancet, Jayant S. Vaidya, PhD, and Michael Baum, MD, of University College London, and colleagues compared risk-adapted radiotherapy using single-dose targeted intraoperative radiotherapy vs fractionated external-beam radiotherapy in...
No Advantage of Concurrent vs Sequential Trastuzumab/Anthracycline Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III Z1041 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Aman U. Buzdar, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and colleagues compared neoadjuvant therapy with FEC-75 (fluorouracil [5-FU], epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide) followed by paclitaxel plus trastuzumab (Herceptin) ...
Alternate VEGF Ligands Associated With Bevacizumab Resistance in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Results from a University of Colorado Cancer Center study indicated that bevacizumab (Avastin) resistance in patients with colorectal cancer may be due to increases in growth factors other than the targeted VEGF-A. The study, led by Christopher Lieu, MD, and published in the journal PLoS One,...
Most Patients Experience Nocturnal Care Disturbances Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
In a study reported in the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, Eileen Danaher Hacker, PhD, APN, AOCN, of the University of Illinois College of Nursing, and colleagues attempted to identify and quantify nocturnal care disruptions in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. They ...
Timing and Choice of Treatment May Affect the Quality of Life of Young Breast Cancer Survivors
The choice and timing of therapeutic interventions may significantly affect the quality of life of young breast cancer survivors in the short term, although other quality-of-life domains such as family relationships may not be negatively impacted after treatment. These findings were reported by...
U.S. Pancreatic Cancer Death Rates Increasing in White Adults, Decreasing in Black Adults
In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Jiemin Ma, PhD, MHS, and colleagues from the American Cancer Society investigated trends in pancreatic cancer death rates in the United States between 1970 and 2009. They found that death rates have been increasing in white men and...
No Overall Increased Risk of Cancer in Children Born After Assisted Conception in UK
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Carrie L. Williams, MB, BCh, of University College London, and colleagues analyzed risk for cancers among UK children born after assisted conception. They found no increased risk of cancer overall or for individual cancer types except...
No Benefit From Adding Cetuximab to Pemetrexed in Recurrent/Progressive NSCLC After Platinum-Based Therapy
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Edward S. Kim, MD, of Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, and colleagues investigated whether the addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to pemetrexed (Alimta) improved progression-free survival in patients with recurrent or...
Number and Distribution of Childhood Nevi Predict Melanoma in Subjects From Families With Familial Melanoma
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Astrid Vredenborg, MD, of Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands, and colleagues evaluated whether acquired melanocytic nevi in childhood are an indicator of melanoma risk in children from families with familial melanoma. They found that number...
Surgical Management of Male Breast Cancer Differs Dramatically From That of Female Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Emma C. Fields, MD, of the University of Colorado School of Medicine, and colleagues analyzed the stage-specific management of male breast cancer with surgery and radiation therapy and related them to outcomes...
Intraoperative Radiotherapy Inferior to External Radiotherapy in Preventing Local Recurrence in Early Breast Cancer
A single session of intraoperative radiotherapy with electrons permits delivery of a radiotherapy dose equivalent to that of conventional postoperative whole-breast irradiation. In the ELIOT trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Umberto Veronesi, MD, of the European Institute of Oncology, and...
Dasatinib Plus Docetaxel Does Not Improve Overall Survival in Men With Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Data suggest that Src kinase-mediated interactions between prostate cancer cells and osteoclasts might promote bone metastasis and that the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib (Sprycel) might exhibit synergy with docetaxel in prostate cancer. In a phase III trial (READY) reported in The Lancet Oncology, ...
FDA Approves Ibrutinib for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved ibrutinib (Imbruvica) for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma, an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that represents about 6% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases in the United States. The drug, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is ...
Personal History of Prostate Cancer Increases Risk of Melanoma
History of severe acne, which is a surrogate for high androgen activity, has been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer and recent data suggest that severe teenage acne is a risk factor for melanoma. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wen-Qing Li, PhD, of the...
Persistent Significant Neurocognitive Impairment in Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kevin R. Krill, PhD, and colleagues from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital assessed neurocognitive function in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). They found pervasive significant impairment across...
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma Not Predictive of Worse Outcome vs Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okechukwu R. Linton, MD, MBA, of Indiana University School of Medicine, and colleagues assessed the prognostic significance of head and neck basaloid squamous cell carcinoma, which is considered a more aggressive form of squamous...
Novel Oncogenetic Classifier Identifies Low- and High-Risk Patients With Adult T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The Group for Research in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GRAALL) recently reported significantly better outcome in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) harboring NOTCH1 or FBXW7 (N/F) mutations, although relapse was still observed in one-third of patients with N/F-mutated T-cell ALL. In a ...
Pegfilgrastim Prophylaxis Throughout Chemotherapy Is More Effective in Preventing Febrile Neutropenia in Breast Cancer (and More Costly)
Available data suggest that risk of febrile neutropenia is greatest during the first two cycles of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maureen J. Aarts of Maastricht University Medical Centre in the Netherlands, and colleagues...
Phase II Trial of Ponatinib Shows Activity in Heavily Pretreated CML and Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive ALL
On October 31, 2013, Ariad Pharmaceuticals, the manufacturer of ponatinib, agreed to an FDA request to suspend marketing and sales of the drug due to the risk of life-threatening blood clots and severe narrowing of blood vessels. The FDA states that it will continue to evaluate ponatinib to further ...
Novel Agents Produce Encouraging Trends in Gastric Cancer
Several novel agents targeting the HER2, C-MET, and VEGF receptors have achieved encouraging results in gastric cancer, which is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Charles Fuchs, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, reviewed these new approaches in a presentation at the...
New Mutation Found in the Estrogen Receptor May Cause Resistance to Breast Cancer Treatment
Most patients with estrogen receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer who initially respond to endocrine treatments will eventually develop resistance to the therapies. A study by Ido Wolf, MD, Head of the Oncology Department at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center in Israel, and colleagues...
HPV Screening Better Than Cytology in Preventing Invasive Cervical Cancer
In a study reported in The Lancet, Guglielmo Ronco, MD, of the Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, AO City of Health and Science, in Turin, Italy, and colleagues in the International HPV Screening Working Group performed a follow up of four randomized trials of human papillomavirus...
Vemurafenib Produces Rapid Responses in Hairy Cell Leukemia
Preliminary results of an ongoing clinical trial suggest that the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf)—indicated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation—may have an important role in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. The cornerstone of therapy for this...
Imaging Studies May Predict Tumor Response to Antiangiogenic Drugs
Advanced imaging techniques may be able to distinguish which patients' tumors will respond to treatment with antiangiogenic drugs and which will not. In a report published online in PNAS, researchers studied patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma who were treated with the antiangiogenic agent...
Increased Use of Local Excision to Treat Early-Stage Rectal Cancer
Recommended treatment for most stage I rectal cancers is total mesorectal excision. However, local excision is considered an alternative for T1 tumors that are < 30% of the bowel circumference, < 3 cm in size, mobile, well to moderately differentiated, and lack lymphovascular invasion in...
Early Autologous Transplantation Improves Progression-Free Survival in Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
The strategy of autologous stem cell transplantation as consolidation in high-intermediate– or high-risk diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has not been specifically examined in the rituximab (Rituxan) era. In a phase III trial (Southwest Oncology Group 9704) reported in The New...
Description of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Affects Reported Treatment Preferences
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Internal Medicine, Zehra B. Omer, BA, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues assessed how the description of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) affected selection of treatment options. They found significant differences in treatment...
FDA Approves Transducer Array Layout System for Use in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Novocure announced today that it has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its NovoTAL (Transducer Array Layout) System through a Premarket Approval supplement. The NovoTAL System allows certified physicians to use the individual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of...
Atorvastatin May Prevent Graft-vs-Host Disease in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Because statins exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects that may ameliorate graft-vs-host disease, they may be a safe strategy following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mehdi Hamadani, MD, and colleagues ...
Most Gastroenterologists and Endoscopy Nurses Prefer Propofol Over Moderate Sedation in Screening Colonoscopies, but Would Pay Little Extra for It
Propofol is increasingly being used for sedation in screening colonoscopies in low-risk patients. In the United States, propofol can be administered only by an anesthesiologist, which can raise the cost of the procedure by $600 to $2,000. In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Internal...
Investigational Anti–PD-1 Immunotherapy Provides Durable Objective Responses in Patients With Previously Treated NSCLC
The investigational anti–PD-1 immunotherapy MK-3475 showed promising objective response rates in patients with previously treated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The interim data were presented by Edward Garon, MD, Director of Thoracic Oncology at Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center ...
One Dose of HPV 16/18 Vaccine Produces Durable Response Against New Infections
Results from the Costa Rica HPV16/18 Vaccine Trial (CVT) has found that 4-year efficacy against 12-month HPV16/18 persistent infection was similarly high among women who received one, two, or the recommended three doses of the bivalent HPV16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine (Cervarix). The...
Measuring Hormone Levels Could Improve Risk Assessment for Breast Cancer
The inclusion of multiple hormones—rather than just adding one or two individually—in breast cancer risk prediction models may improve prediction of the disease and could help better identify women who would benefit from chemoprevention, according to a study by Shelley S. Tworoger, PhD, ...
