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Showing 21801 - 21850Dasatinib/Letrozole Drug Combination Delays Disease Progression in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Adding dasatinib (Sprycel) to a standard antihormone therapy, letrozole, doubled the time before disease progressed for women with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, according to results of a phase II clinical trial presented at the 2013 San Antonio Breast...
Protective Effect of Aspirin for Colorectal Cancer Is Associated With rs6983267 T Allele
It has been posited that aspirin treatment may reduce risk for colorectal cancer through inhibition of WNT/cadherin-associated protein β1 (CTNNB1, or β-catenin) signaling. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Nan et al investigated the potential role of the ...
Second-Line Therapies May Benefit Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Poor Performance Status
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and a poor performance status who were previously treated with docetaxel may benefit from currently available second-line therapies, according to the findings of a meta-analysis by Iacovelli et al published in Prostate Cancer and Prostatic...
Novel BRAF Fusions Identified in 'Pan-Negative' Melanomas
A study by Sosman et al has identified two novel BRAF fusions in melanomas previously considered to be negative for molecular targets. In addition, these “pan-negative” melanomas were found to be sensitive to MEK inhibitors. According to the study, BRAF fusions define a new molecular...
No Benefit of Calcium/Magnesium in Preventing Oxaliplatin-Induced Sensory Neurotoxicity in Patients With Colon Cancer
In a phase III N08CB/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Loprinzi et al assessed whether calcium and magnesium treatment reduced oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity in patients with colon cancer receiving adjuvant FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin). They found ...
CALGB 40603 Trial Supports Adding Carboplatin to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
The addition of carboplatin to a neoadjuvant regimen significantly increased the rate of pathologic complete response in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The results from the CALGB/Alliance 40603 study were reported at the 2013 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (Abstract S5-01)....
Adjuvant Bisphosphonates Improve Breast Cancer Survival, Reduce Bone Recurrence in Postmenopausal Women With Early Disease
Adjuvant use of bisphosphonates reduced the risk of bone recurrence by 34% and the risk of breast cancer death by 17% in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer in a large meta-analysis conducted by the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). The potentially...
Adjuvant Paclitaxel/Trastuzumab Tolerable, Benefits Women With Stage I HER2-Positive, Node-Negative Breast Cancer
There may be a benefit for treating small HER2-positive tumors and this can be done with little toxicity, according to a multicenter study presented at the 2013 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (Abstract S1-04). Previous studies of chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 treatment for node-negative...
Nonsignificant Reduction in Breast Cancer Risk Seen With Low-Dose Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy Users
In postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy, low-dose tamoxifen did not significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer but did increase climacteric symptoms, according to the phase III study results presented by DeCensi et al in the Annals of Oncology. However, beneficial trends...
Increased Cardiovascular Risk Despite Healthier Lifestyle Characteristics in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chow et al compared cardiovascular risk and risk factors in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with those in a matched general population sample. Hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors were at greater risk for cardiomyopathy, ...
Fractionated 90Y-Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Radioimmunotherapy Produces High Response Rate in Initial Therapy for Follicular Lymphoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Illidge et al evaluated radioimmunotherapy with fractionated 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) as initial treatment in patients with mostly advanced follicular lymphoma. The treatment was well tolerated, with manageable...
Anastrozole Reduces Primary Breast Cancer Incidence by More Than 50% in High-Risk Postmenopausal Women
Five years of treatment with anastrozole reduced the risk of primary breast cancer by 53% in postmenopausal women at high risk for developing the disease, according to an analysis of the IBIS II trial. Anastrozole reduced the risk of estrogen receptor–positive invasive cancers by 58%. The...
Less Is More: Postoperative Radiation May Be Avoided in Older Women With Estrogen Receptor–Rich Tumors
Among older women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, it is reasonable to omit whole-breast radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery and neoadjuvant hormone therapy if the patient’s tumors have high levels of estrogen receptor expression, but radiation should remain...
NeoALTTO Trial Links Pathologic Complete Response to Clinical Outcomes
Final results of the phase III NeoALTTO trial have confirmed the value of pathologic complete response to dual HER2 blockade in the neoadjuvant setting. The achievement of pathologic complete response was associated with significantly improved event-free survival and overall survival in some women...
Addition of Bevacizumab Fails to Improve Invasive Disease-Free Survival vs Adjuvant Chemotherapy/Trastuzumab Alone in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Bevacizumab (Avastin) failed to extend invasive disease–free survival when added to trastuzumab (Herceptin)-directed adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer in the phase III BETH trial. Although not specifically designed to answer this question, BETH also...
Benefit of Breast Cancer Screening More Consistent Across Studies Than Previously Understood
Re-examination of data from four large studies of the benefits and harms of mammography screening shows that the benefits are more consistent across these studies than previously understood and that all the studies indicate a substantial reduction in breast cancer mortality with screening,...
High Levels of Immune Cells in Tumors May Identify Breast Cancer Patients Most Likely to Benefit From Trastuzumab
Women with HER2-positive breast cancer who had the highest levels of immune cells in their tumors gained the most benefit from presurgery treatment with chemotherapy and trastuzumab (Herceptin), according to results presented today at the 2013 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (Abstract S1-05)....
ASH 2013: Brentuximab Vedotin Shows Promising Activity in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
The antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) has shown “compelling” antitumor activity in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas who were no longer responding to treatment, in a study presented at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition...
No Difference in PFS for Temsirolimus vs Sorafenib as Second-Line Therapy After Sunitinib in Metastatic RCC
In the phase III INTORSECT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hutson et al compared temsirolimus (Torisel) vs sorafenib (Nexavar) as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma after progression on sunitinib (Sutent). There was no significant difference...
No Difference Between Temsirolimus/Bevacizumab vs Interferon Alfa/Bevacizumab in First-Line Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In the phase III INTORACT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rini et al compared temsirolimus (Torisel)/bevacizumab (Avastin) vs interferon alfa/bevacizumab in first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. There were no significant differences between the two regimens in ...
Study Explores Risk of New Primary Melanomas After Diagnosis of Stage III/IV Melanoma in Patients Not Receiving BRAF Inhibitors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zimmer et al assessed the incidence of spontaneous new primary melanomas in patients with stage III or IV melanoma in order to help clarify risk of BRAF inhibitor–related new melanomas. They found that patients not receiving BRAF...
Biologic Doublet a Potential Front-Line Treatment in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
A high proportion of mantle cell lymphoma patients may achieve an objective and durable response to treatment with an initial chemotherapy-free regimen, according to Jia Ruan, MD, PhD, of Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, who presented the results of a multicenter phase II study at the 55th...
Updated Myeloma Trial Shows Lenalidomide Maintenance Post-Transplant Improves Progression-Free But Not Overall Survival
A new analysis of the multiple myeloma IFM 2005-02 trial showed that lenalidomide (Revlimid) maintenance prolongs progression-free survival after stem cell transplantation, but does not improve overall survival. This is possibly attributed to the shorter survival time after first disease...
Choosing Wisely® Initiative Improves Quality and Cost of Care
Five commonly used hematology tests, treatments, and procedures are not always necessary, according to the Choosing Wisely® initiative of the ABIM (American Board of Internal Medicine) Foundation. The American Society of Hematology (ASH) Choosing Wisely list of these five tests was...
Biologic Mechanism May be Linked to Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer
In the United States, African American men are 1.6 times more likely to develop prostate cancer and more than 2.5 times as likely to die from the disease than non-Hispanic white men, according to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. A study by David P. Turner, PhD, Assistant...
Idelalisib Achieves High Response Rates in 'Double-Refractory' Indolent NHL
In patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) refractory to both rituximab (Rituxan) and an alkylating agent, monotherapy with the selective oral PI3K-delta inhibitor idelalisib produced a high response rate, with responses persisting for 1 year in the average patient, according to...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Relapse, Improves Event-Free Survival in Pediatric AML
The monoclonal antibody gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) improved event-free survival and reduced the risk of relapse in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a study from the Children’s Oncology Group, presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
Obinutuzumab/Chlorambucil Superior to Rituximab/Chlorambucil as First-Line Treatment for Older CLL Patients With Comorbidities
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva) plus chlorambucil (Leukeran) was superior to rituximab (Rituximab) plus chlorambucil as first-line therapy in older chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with comorbidities, with an acceptable safety profile, according to final results of the phase III CLL11 trial....
Reduced-Intensity Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Spares Cognition
The intensity of transplant-related chemotherapy and radiation has effects on cognition, according to a study presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition (Abstract 913). Full-intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplant was associated with cognitive...
Successful Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Expressing T-Cell Treatment Reported in Advanced Lymphomas
Development of autologous genetically engineered anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells holds promise in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. CAR T cells are being studied in adult and pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemias and in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and...
Graft Manipulation Improves HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Outcomes
T-cell–depleted HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be made more efficacious and safer through the removal of alpha/beta-positive T cells and CD19-positive B cells from the graft, an approach pioneered by Italian investigators who reported results at the 55th...
Higher Levels of HSET Linked to More Aggressive Breast Cancers and Worse Outcomes in African American Women
Data from a study by Ritu Aneja, PhD, Associate Professor in the Department of Biology at Georgia State University in Atlanta, and colleagues indicate that overexpression of the protein HSET is a valuable prognostic biomarker in African American women with breast cancer, but not in Caucasian...
Grade 3 Endometrioid Carcinoma With PIK3CA Mutation Linked to Unfavorable Outcome
The presence of PIK3CA missense mutation appears to be associated with shorter disease-specific survival in grade 3 endometrioid but not serous endometrial carcinoma, according to a study in Gynecologic Oncology. Although McIntyre et al found this type of mutation across all histologic types of...
Preoperative MRI Assessment of Circumferential Resection Margin Predicts Survival and Local Recurrence in Rectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Taylor et al evaluated the ability of preoperative high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of circumferential resection margin to predict outcome in patients with rectal cancer. They found that MRI assessment was...
Hypercholesterolemia May Drive the Growth of Breast Cancer
High levels of the cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol seem to function like estrogen and may independently drive the growth of breast cancer, according to the findings of a preclinical study by Nelson et al published in Science. They also found a possible connection between...
Genetic Mutation May Play a Role in Worse Outcomes for Obese Prostate Cancer Patients
A study by researchers from Harvard School of Public Health, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital has found that overweight or obese men with prostate cancer whose tumors were positive for the TMPRSS2:ERG genetic mutation had more than a 50% increased risk of dying...
PPM1D Mutations in Circulating White Blood Cells Associated With Risk of Ovarian Cancer, Increased Mortality, and Risk of Breast Cancer
In a brief communication published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Akbari et al reported finding a higher frequency of PPM1D mutations in circulating white blood cells from women with ovarian cancer vs controls, higher mortality associated with the mutation in women with ovarian...
Nonsignificant Survival Benefit With Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer at Academic Center vs Other Institutions
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, George et al evaluated radiation treatment characteristics and outcomes among head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving adjuvant external-beam radiation therapy at an academic center vs other institutions....
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Increases Cancer Detection and Reduces Recall Rates
Compared to traditional mammography, three-dimensional (3D) mammography—known as digital breast tomosynthesis—found 22% more breast cancers and led to fewer call-backs in a large screening study at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, researchers reported today at the 99th...
Nurse Navigators Improve Patient-Reported Quality of Care in Early Cancer Care
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wagner et al assessed whether a nurse navigator intervention improved quality of life or patient experience with care in patients who recently received a diagnosis of breast, colorectal, or lung cancer. Although no differences in...
Postradiotherapy Neck Dissection Improves Local Control in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients With Advanced Nodal Disease
Available data indicate that lymph node involvement predicts failure at primary and distant sites after chemoradiation for head and neck cancer. In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Ranck et al assessed the impact of postradiotherapy neck dissection on local and...
Three-Drug Regimen Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
A phase II trial to evaluate the combination of bendamustine (Treanda) with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma “showed a remarkable response rate of 60.9%, and, when minor responses were included in 75.9% of patients,”...
Disease-Free Survival Is Acceptable Surrogate for Overall Survival in Trials of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancers
Disease-free survival is an acceptable surrogate for overall survival in trials of cytotoxic agents for gastric cancer in the adjuvant setting, the GASTRIC group concluded after conducting a meta-analysis of data from 3,288 individual patients enrolled in 14 randomized clinical trials. The trials...
Over-Regulation of Opioids Is Resulting in Untreated Cancer Pain for Millions of Patients Worldwide
The results from the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)-led Global Opioid Policy Initiative (GOPI) project show that due to a lack of access to essential opioids, more than 4 billion people—over half the world’s population—live in countries where regulatory barriers,...
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Recommendations on Screening for Oral Cancer
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) today released its final recommendation statement on screening for oral cancer in adults without signs or symptoms of oral cancer who are seen by primary care providers. This recommendation focuses on primary care professionals and is not a...
Low-Fat Diet and Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Cell-Cycle Progression in Prostate Cancer
In a post hoc analysis reported in the journal Cancer Prevention Research, Galet et al analyzed the effects of diet on men with prostate cancer. They found that men who were on a low-fat diet and fish oil supplementation had lower cell-cycle progression scores, which are associated with less...
Thyroid Ultrasound Strategy Identifies Low-Risk Patients Who Can Defer Biopsy
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Smith-Bindman et al evaluated the ability of ultrasound imaging characteristics to determine risk of thyroid cancer associated with thyroid nodules. They found that a strategy of using two abnormal nodule characteristics as an indication for biopsy...
Certain Symptom Clusters After Surgery for Esophageal Cancer Predict Poor Prognosis
A new study has found that several months after surgery for esophageal cancer, different symptoms cluster together in different types of patients. In addition, patients with certain symptom clusters have an increased risk of dying from their disease. The findings by Wikman et al were published...
ASCO Endorses Cancer Care Ontario Guideline for Follow-up in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
ASCO has policy and procedures for endorsing clinical practice guidelines developed by other professional organizations. As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Meyerhardt et al of the ASCO Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee, ASCO has endorsed the Cancer Care Ontario (CCO)...
Estrogen Levels Affect the Efficacy of PARP Inhibitors in PTEN-Deficient Endometrial Tumors
PARP inhibition appears to be an effective way to shrink PTEN-deficient endometrial tumors with low levels of estrogen but is ineffective in those with high levels of estrogen, according to preclinical study results reported by Janzen et al in Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. The findings suggest...
