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Showing 1651 - 1694Low Adherence to Tamoxifen Therapy Increases Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Early Death
Colin McCowan, PhD, of the University of Glasgow, and colleagues analyzed the prescription records of 1,263 women with breast cancer between 1993 and 2000 to determine how often they took their prescription of adjuvant tamoxifen following surgery and for how long. Women who filled less than 80% of...
Survival Advantage Seen in Glioblastoma Patients Taking Valganciclovir
Valganciclovir (Valcyte), a drug used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) eye infections in people with HIV/AIDS, may lengthen survival in patients with glioblastoma, a Swedish study has found. The researchers evaluated 50 patients with glioblastoma who received valganciclovir as an add-on to standard...
New Report Examines Trends in End-of-Life Care for Patients With Advanced Cancer
Although fewer Medicare patients with cancer died in the hospital in 2010 than in the years 2003–2007, aggressive treatment continues at the end of life, according to a new report from the Dartmouth Atlas Project. The findings also show that a significant number of patients were likely to...
New Ultrasensitive Screening Method Can Detect Colon Cancer in Its Early Stages
A new ultrasensitive screening method that detects genetic variations that initiate colon cancer and can help in the detection of the cancer in its early stages could be used for noninvasive colon cancer screening, according to a study by Bettina Scholtka, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department ...
High-Tech Imaging Contributes to Overdiagnosis, Overtreatment of Low-Risk Thyroid Cancers
A study from the Mayo Clinic Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery finds that advances in imaging technologies, including ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are fueling an epidemic in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancers that are unlikely...
NCI Study Links Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment to Risk of Stomach Cancer
Hodgkin lymphoma survivors who received subdiaphragmatic radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens containing high doses of the alkylating agent procarbazine (Matulane) were at an increased risk of developing stomach cancer, according to a large study by scientists at the National Cancer Institute...
Genomic Differences Found in Two Types of Cervical Cancer
A study by Alexi Wright, MD, MPH, and colleagues at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston has found that two common subtypes of cervical cancer, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, have distinct molecular profiles. The results suggest that clinical...
Single Injection of PV-10 Being Tested in the Treatment of Advanced Melanoma
A new study underway at Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Florida, is investigating whether an intralesional injection of PV-10 (a substance derived from Rose Bengal, a staining agent that has been used to assess eye damage), is effective in reducing tumors and the spread of cancer in patients with...
Survival Advantage Seen in Foreign-Born Hispanics With NSCLC
Foreign-born Hispanics with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a decreased risk of disease-specific mortality compared with non-Hispanic whites and United States-born Hispanics with NSCLC, according to a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Manali I. Patel, MD, and...
Poor Oral Health Is an Independent Risk Factor for Cancer-Causing Oral HPV Infection
Poor oral health, including gum disease and dental problems, is a newly recognized independent risk factor for oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which causes between 40% and 80% of oropharyngeal cancers, according to a study published in Cancer Prevention Research. Researchers from the...
Gene That Helps Control Aging Is Linked to Multiple Myeloma
A telomerase RNA component gene called TERC, which is responsible for regulating the length of caps on the ends of DNA molecules and believed to be involved in the aging process, has been linked to the development of multiple myeloma, according to a study published in Nature Genetics. Researchers...
Study Suggests Low-Grade Prostate Cancers May Not Progress Over Time
Data analyzed from a large cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer found that prostate cancer aggressiveness may be established when the tumor is formed and not change over time. The researchers of the study, Kathryn L. Penney, ScD, Instructor in the Department of Medicine at Harvard...
New Study Supports Role of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Patients With Ovarian Cancer
In a study of ovarian cancer cells taken from patients, scientists from Georgia Institute of Technology have confirmed that metastasizing cancer cells have a different molecular structure from primary tumor cells and display genetic signatures consistent with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition....
Family Members of Children With Cancer Are Also at Risk for the Disease
Parents and siblings of children with cancer have between a two- and four-times increased risk of developing cancer than first-degree relatives with no childhood cancer patients, according to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer. The study, led by Joshua Schiffman, MD, Medical...
Lab-Grown Stem Cell–Derived T Cells Fight Cancer in Tumor-Bearing Mice
Although small clinical studies of adoptive T-cell therapy in the treatment of advanced forms of leukemia have shown positive results, including putting some patients into complete remissions, progress in the development of this type of immunotherapy is limited by the lack of readily available,...
Risk for Lymphoma Increases in Celiac Patients With Persistent Villous Atrophy
Although celiac disease is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma, including enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, it was not known whether persistent atrophy of the villi, the fingerlike projections that normally absorb nutrients, contributed to that risk. In a large population-based...
Experts Discuss Challenges in Counseling Patients About Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy
Many factors play into why women diagnosed with breast cancer often choose overly aggressive treatment even when there is little evidence to show clinical benefit: the shock and fear of suddenly being confronted with a major health threat, the impression of having to make treatment decisions...
NCI Working Group Recommends Changes to Screenings, Treatments, and the Definition of Cancer
A growing concern that hundreds of thousands of men and women are undergoing unnecessary and sometimes harmful treatments for premalignant and slow-growing, low-risk cancerous lesions that may never cause harm has led scientists from a working group of the National Cancer Institute to recommend a...
CDC Report Shows Stagnated HPV Vaccination Rate for Girls
For the first time since the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine became available for adolescent girls in 2006, the vaccination rate for the teenagers has stalled, according to data published in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly...
Height Significantly Linked to Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women
An analysis of data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) of the height measurement at enrollment of 144,701 postmenopausal women and the risk of all cancers combined has found that 20,928 of the women had a diagnosis of one or more invasive cancers during a median follow-up of 12 years....
Alternate-day, Low-dose Aspirin May Reduce Colon Cancer Risk
Low-dose aspirin (100 mg) taken every other day may reduce a woman’s risk of developing colon cancer, according to an observational study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The findings are based on a large long-term study of 38,876 healthy women enrolled in the Women’s...
Cancer Survivors Might Have a Decreased Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
The results from a large cohort study of 3.5 million veterans in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Boston Healthcare System show that most types of cancer were associated with a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease of between 9% and 51%. The cancers associated with the greatest reduction in ...
Anxiety Is a Long-term Problem for Cancer Survivors and Spouses
An analysis assessing whether depression and anxiety are more common in long-term survivors of cancer compared with their spouses and with healthy control subjects has found that anxiety, rather than depression, is most likely to be a lingering problem for both cancer survivors and their spouses....
Predicting Risk of Treatment-related Mortality in Advanced-stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
Improvements in radiation therapy and the development of chemotherapy regimens, such as MOPP (mechlorethamine [Mustargen], vincristine, procarbazine [Matulane], and prednisone), and ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine), in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma have made the...
Revised International Prognostic Scoring System for MDS Is Better at Predicting Survival than Older Systems
A retrospective analysis of 380 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) registered in the Gruppo Romano Mielodisplasie Italian Regional database, which included data from 13 hematology centers in the Rome area, has found that the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) is...
Nomogram Accurately Predicts Salivary Gland Cancer Recurrence
Oncologists now have a new prognostic tool to help determine the risk of recurrence in patients with carcinoma of the major salivary glands and may help guide their post-treatment surveillance, according to study results published in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery. Researchers...
Infertility in Men Raises Their Risk for Cancer
A cohort study of 2,238 men who were evaluated for infertility at a clinic in Texas from 1989 to 2009 found that those men who had azoospermia, a condition in which no measurable sperm is present, had a 2.2-fold higher cancer risk compared with those who were nonazoospermic. The study was published ...
New Guidelines Issued in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma–related Bone Disease
The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) has developed clinical practice recommendations for the management of multiple myeloma–related bone disease based on published study data through August 2012. Consensus of the interdisciplinary panel of clinical experts on the plasma-cell...
Aspirin May Help Prevent Cancer in Patients with Barrett’s Esophagus
Although aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to reduce cancer mortality by 20%, exactly why these drugs reduce the number of cancer incidences and deaths is not known. Now, a small longitudinal study of 13 patients with Barrett’s esophagus is...
Two HIV Patients Show No Signs of Disease Following Bone Marrow Transplants for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Timothy Henrich, MD, Associate Physician in the Division of Infectious Disease at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, reported that two patients with long-standing HIV infections have no detectable levels of the disease in their blood cells, even though they stopped taking their...
Proton Radiation Is Not Associated with Increased Risk of Secondary Cancers When Compared with Photon Radiation
A retrospective cohort study of 558 patients treated with proton radiation from 1973 to 2001 at the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and data from 558 matched patients treated with photon therapy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program cancer...
Scientists Develop Mathematical Model to Predict Cancer Cells’ Resistance to Therapy
New research using mathematical models of different types of cancer—including melanoma, pancreatic, and colorectal—to determine the evolutionary dynamics of lesions in response to treatment is revealing why and how cancer cells resist targeted therapies. The study by Ivana Bozic, PhD,...
Novel Research Method May Lead to Tailored Treatments for Late-stage Prostate Cancer
A study using a novel “co-clinical” approach that integrates data from hundreds of genetically engineered mouse models with clinical data from tissue samples of hundreds of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, has identified several molecular pathways underlying...
Survival Rates for Patients with Burkitt’s Lymphoma Improve, Especially among Young Adults
Although Burkitt’s lymphoma remains one of the most highly aggressive forms of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a recent study published in Blood has found a marked improvement in patient survival over the past decade, especially ...
Study Shows Isoflavone Exposure Has Little Effect on Breast Cancer Risk or Recurrence
According to a review of studies examining the impact of isoflavones in soyfoods on breast cancer risk, clinical evidence indicates that exposure to isoflavones, which are classified as both phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators, has little effect on the markers of breast cancer ...
Two Bills before Congress Aim to Fight Breast Cancer and End Disparities in Care
Members of Congress are considering two bills that could advance cures for breast cancer and provide better education for women grappling with decisions about their treatment options. Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act of 2013 (S. 865/H.R. 1830)...
Deep Sequencing Accurately Predicts Prolonged Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients
A study by the Spanish Myeloma Group comparing the prognostic value of traditional response criteria and minimal residual disease measurement in patients with multiple myeloma found that a sequencing-based method called LymphoSIGHT and multiparameter flow cytometry analysis both accurately...
Study Shows HPV Vaccine Reduced Rate of Infection in Teenage Girls by 56%
A new government study investigating the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in females aged 14 to 59 before and after the introduction in 2006 of the HPV vaccine found that the rate of the HPV infection dropped by 56%, decreasing from 11.5% in 2006 to 5.1% in 2010 among female...
Global Alliance Is Formed to Share Genomic Data
This month, an international group of over 70 research and health-care organizations, academic centers, and medical societies, including ASCO, signed a letter of intent to form a global alliance to make medicine more effective by consolidating the world’s databases of genomic information. The ...
Accountable Care Organizations May Be at Risk for New Medical Liabilities
The promotion of accountable care organizations, a crucial element in the Affordable Care Act, may result in liability risks, asserted authors H. Benjamin Harvey, MD, JD, a radiologist in the Department of Radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital, and I. Glenn Cohen, JD, Assistant Professor of...
Human Genes May Not Be Patented, Rules the Supreme Court
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously on Thursday that isolated human genes may not be patented. However, the creation of synthetic forms of DNA, known as complementary DNA (cDNA), is eligible for patent protection. The decision resolves the question brought before the Supreme Court justices in...
CMS Says It Lacks Authority to Roll Back Sequestration Cuts to Medicare Payments for Part B Cancer Drugs
According to a June 3 letter from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), there will be no reprieve in the 2% ($11.08 billion) reduction to Medicare providers and hospitals mandated by the federal budget sequestration. The letter by CMS Acting Administrator Marilyn Tavenner was in...
National Institutes of Health Issues Projected Impact of Sequestration on Programs
Earlier this month, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its updated projections of reductions in programs due to the deficit-budget mechanism known as sequestration, which took effect on March 1, 2013. The sequestration law requires NIH to cut 5%, or $1.55 billion, of its fiscal year...
Radiation Raises Risk of Heart Disease in Women Treated for Breast Cancer
A population-based case control study of major coronary events in 2,168 women who underwent radiotherapy for breast cancer between 1958 and 2001 in Sweden and Denmark found a direct link between radiation dose and the occurrence of ischemic heart disease years later. Study Details The study,...
