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Showing 15401 - 15450Study Finds Large Disparities in Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A large, diverse study of 16,827 adolescents and young adults with differentiated thyroid cancer has found that African Americans and Hispanics were six times and three times more likely, respectively, to die of their cancer than Caucasians. Residing in low-socioeconomic neighborhoods, insurance...
Similar Outcomes With Laparoscopic vs Open Resection in Rectal Cancer
In the COLOR II study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Bonjer et al found similar rates of locoregional recurrence and disease-free and overall survival with laparoscopic vs open resection of rectal cancer. Study Details In the trial, 1,044 patients from 30 sites in 8 countries in ...
Less Than 95% Adherence to Mercaptopurine Maintenance Associated With Nearly Threefold Increased Risk of Relapse in Pediatric ALL
In a Children’s Oncology Group study (COG-AALL03N1) reported in JAMA Oncology, Bhatia et al found that < 95% adherence to mercaptopurine treatment was associated with a nearly threefold increase in the risk of relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Among adherent...
More Extensive Lymph Node Clearance During Surgery for Esophageal Cancer May Not Improve Survival
A population-based cohort study indicates that “more extensive lymph node clearance during surgery for esophageal cancer may not improve survival,” van der Schaaf et al reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. “These results challenge current clinical guidelines,...
Identifying Processes That Lead to Discontinuation of Chemotherapy for Patients With NSCLC at End of Life
According to a recent study by Perl et al published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, the administration of chemotherapy near death is recognized by patients, their families, and oncologists as “aggressive and poor-quality care.” Despite this, rates of end-of-life chemotherapy have...
Study Finds Price of Cancer Drugs Varies Widely Based on Who’s Paying
Uninsured cancer patients are paying anywhere from 2 to 43 times what Medicare would pay for chemotherapy drugs, according to a new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. These findings were published by Dusetzina et al in Health Affairs. Major Discrepancies Researchers led...
Study Finds Link Between Muscle-Building Supplements and Testicular Cancer
Men who reported taking muscle-building supplements, such as pills and powders with creatine or androstenedione, reported a significantly higher likelihood of having developed testicular cancer than men who did not use such supplements, according to a study by Li et al in the British Journal of...
Regional-Level Correlation of Inappropriate Prostate Imaging and Inappropriate Breast Imaging
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Makarov et al found that hospital referral regions marked by higher rates of inappropriate imaging in patients with low-risk breast cancer also had high rates of inappropriate prostate imaging in patients with low-risk prostate cancer. Inappropriate imaging...
Platinum Monotherapy Particularly Active in BRCA1/2-Mutant Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase II TBCRC009 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Isakoff et al found that platinum monotherapy was active in treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, particularly in cases with BRCA1/2 mutation, and that an assay of genomic instability characteristic of...
Neoadjuvant Iniparib Plus Gemcitabine-Carboplatin Is Active in Early Triple-Negative and BRCA1/2-Mutant Breast Cancer
In the phase II PrECOG 0105 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Telli et al found that neoadjuvant iniparib plus gemcitabine-carboplatin was active in early-stage triple-negative and BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer. Higher score on a homologous recombination deficiency–loss of...
Long-Term Study Shows Stress Management Techniques Improve Mood and Quality of Life for Breast Cancer Patients
A new study showed that providing women with skills to manage stress early in their breast cancer treatment can improve their mood and quality of life many years later. Published by Stagl et al in Cancer, the findings suggest that women given the opportunity to learn stress management techniques...
Increasing Number of Boys Vaccinated Against HPV Could Protect More People at the Same Price
Public health programs that devote a portion of their funding to encourage more boys to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)—rather than merely attempting to raise coverage among girls—may ultimately protect more people for the same price, a study from Duke University...
One in Five Medicare Patients With Melanoma Experience Surgical Delays
A large retrospective cohort study of more than 32,000 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with melanoma has found that one in five patients experience a delay of surgery that is longer than 1.5 months. Those patients undergoing biopsy and surgery by dermatologists had the lowest risk for delay, which ...
Cancer Patients Lack Knowledge but Desire More Information on Radiation-Based Medical Imaging Tests
A substantial gap exists between patient expectations and current practices for providing information about medical imaging tests that use radiation, according to a new study published by Thornton et al in the journal Radiology. Researchers said the findings highlight a need for better...
Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancers May Differ by BRCA1/2 Mutation Type
Women who have inherited mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. However, little has been known about how cancer risks differ by BRCA1/2 mutation type. In a study involving more than 31,000 women who are carriers of disease-associated mutations...
Erythropoietin Plus Radiation Therapy Does Not Improve Local-Regional Control in Anemic Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Long-term analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9903 demonstrates that the addition of erythropoietin did not improve local-regional control for anemic patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who receive radiation therapy or chemoradiation, according to a study published...
Nocturnal Cortisol Levels May Provide a Noninvasive Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer Severity
Elevated nocturnal cortisol levels prior to surgery in patients with ovarian cancer were associated with shorter survival time, according to a study by Schrepf et al in Psychoneuroendocrinology. Thus, night-time cortisol levels may prove to be a noninvasive biomarker of ovarian cancer disease...
Study Identifies Racial and Ethnic Differences in Selecting Surgeons, Hospitals for Breast Cancer Care
Black and Hispanic women with breast cancer were less likely to choose their surgeon and the hospital for treatment based on reputation compared with white women, according to researchers. These findings suggest minority patients may rely more on physician referrals and health plans in those...
Very Low Breast Density on Mammography Worsens Breast Cancer Prognosis
Very low mammographic breast density worsens the prognosis of breast cancer, according to a recent study from the University of Eastern Finland. Researchers published their findings in an article by Masarwah et al in European Radiology. The lower the breast tissue density, the less fibroglandular...
Substantial Pathologist Diagnostic Disagreement for Breast Biopsy Specimens
In a study reported in JAMA, Elmore et al found a substantial rate of disagreement between pathologist diagnosis based on single breast biopsy slides and the consensus-derived diagnosis of a panel of pathologists. Disagreement rates were highest for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and atypical...
Asian Americans Have Better Cancer-Specific Mortality Than Non-Hispanic Whites
Numerous studies have documented racial differences in deaths from cancer among non-Hispanic whites and African Americans, but little has been known about survival outcomes for Asian Americans who have been diagnosed with cancer. In a new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer...
Low Use of Decision Aids for Localized Prostate Cancer by Radiation Oncologists and Urologists
In a survey study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Wang et al found that a minority of responding radiation oncologists and urologists used decision aids for localized prostate cancer in clinical practice. Study Details In the study, a survey regarding use of and attitudes toward decision aids ...
Circulating Tumor DNA in Blood May Predict Recurrence in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
A study assessing whether circulating tumor DNA encoding the clonal immunoglobulin gene sequence could be detected in the serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma has found that surveillance circulating tumor DNA enabled detection of microscopic disease before it could be seen on CT...
Liver-Sparing Surgery Associated With Higher Survival Rates in Cancer Patients
According to researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), hepatic parenchymal preservation, in which a surgeon removes less than a lobe of the liver in a patient undergoing an operation for liver cancer, is associated with lower mortality and complication rates. Their study...
Translocation t(11;14) Associated With Poorer Outcome in Bortezomib-Treated Newly Diagnosed Amyloid Light-Chain Amyloidosis
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bochtler et al found that presence of the t(11;14) translocation on interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) was associated with poorer hematologic event-free and overall survival in patients receiving...
No Differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes or Resource Use With Early vs Delayed Initiation of Palliative Care Intervention
In the ENABLE III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bakitas et al found that early vs delayed initiation of a palliative care intervention did not result in improved patient-reported outcomes or resource use. Early initiation was associated with better 1-year survival. Study...
Overweight Girls Face Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer Later in Life
Girls who are overweight as young children and teens may face an increased risk for colorectal cancer decades later, regardless of what they weigh as adults, suggests a new study published by Zhang et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. “Our study supports the growing...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Colorectal Cancer Preventive Effect of Aspirin or NSAIDs in Persons of European Descent
In a study reported in JAMA, Nan et al found that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer with regular aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use by persons of European descent. Study Details The case-control study...
Study Finds Both the Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors and the Prevalence of Morbidity Are Increasing
Researchers investigating the prevalence of childhood cancer survivors and the population-level burden of morbidity in these survivors have found that although the number of childhood cancer survivors has increased by nearly 60,000 since 2005, the majority of those who have survived 5 or more years ...
Experimental Immunotherapy Delays Recurrence for Stage III and IV Ovarian Cancers
According to a phase II study presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer, an experimental immunotherapy is in the works that can target an individual woman’s ovarian tumor and extend the time period between initial treatment and the cancer’s...
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping Identifies Positive Lymph Nodes in Women With High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
In a study of women with high-grade endometrial cancer, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found sentinel lymph node mapping accurately identified all women with node-positive, high-risk endometrial cancer, when prospectively compared to a complete pelvic and...
ASCP, CAP, AMP, and ASCO Issue Draft Colorectal Cancer Molecular Marker Testing Guideline, Announce Opening of Public Comment Period
The American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), the College of American Pathologists (CAP), the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) today released a draft of a clinical practice guideline on the use of molecular marker testing for...
Panobinostat and Carfilzomib Combination Appears Safe and Effective in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, the combination of panobinostat (Farydak) and carfilzomib (Kyprolis) appears to be safe and effective, according to a phase I/II study by Berdeja et al in Haematologica. Further evaluation of this combination treatment is warranted to establish ...
Women With Diabetes More Likely to be Diagnosed With Advanced-Stage Breast Cancer
Diabetes is associated with more advanced stage breast cancer, according to a new study by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) and Women's College Hospital. The findings, published by Lipscombe et al in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, confirm a strong link between diabetes...
Younger Men Who Survive 10 Years After Radical Prostatectomy Are More Likely to Die of Non–Cancer-Related Causes
A new study suggests that after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer, both the age of the patient and the time survived since the operation have a significant impact on the cause of death. This means that, for young men with high-risk prostate cancer, doctors may have to reevaluate...
American Gastroenterological Association Releases New Guidelines on the Management of Asymptomatic Neoplastic Pancreatic Cysts
The growing use of sophisticated abdominal imaging techniques, which has led to a marked increase in the findings of incidental pancreatic cysts, has prompted the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) to issue new recommendations in the management of asymptomatic neoplastic pancreatic...
Smokers Have Twice the Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Surgery as Never-Smokers
Current smokers, and those who have quit smoking less than 10 years previously, have twice the risk of a recurrence of prostate cancer after surgery, according to new research by Rieken et al presented at the European Association of Urology (EAU) 2015 Congress in Madrid (Abstract 508). In 2012,...
Effect of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Feeding Tube Duration in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Current smoking and heavy alcohol consumption appear to be risk factors for prolonged use of a gastrostomy tube in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The findings were published in a report by O’Shea et al in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck...
Decline in Proportion of Lung Cancer Patients Meeting Screening Criteria
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA, Wang et al found that the proportion of patients with lung cancer who would have met U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria for low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung screening decreased significantly between the periods of 1984 to...
Measuring Minimal Residual Disease Levels Proves to Be a Powerful Tool for Guiding Leukemia Treatment
According to a prospective study led by researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, measuring the concentration of leukemia cells in patient bone marrow during the first 46 days of chemotherapy may help boost survival of young leukemia patients by better matching patients with the right...
Vegetarian Dietary Pattern, Particularly Pescovegetarian Pattern, Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported by Orlich et al in JAMA Internal Medicine, a vegetarian dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, with risk reduction appearing to be greatest in pescovegetarians. Study Details The study involved data from 77,659 participants in the Adventist...
Preliminary Study Reveals Gene Regulatory Path as Target for Aggressive Pediatric Brain Cancer
Working with cells taken from children with a very rare but aggressive form of brain cancer, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center scientists have identified a genetic pathway that acts as a master regulator of thousands of genes, and may spur cancer cell growth and resistance to anticancer treatment. ...
Study Finds U.S. Spends More on Cancer Care but Saves Fewer Lives Than Western Europe
Despite sharp increases in spending on cancer treatment, cancer mortality rates in the United States have decreased only modestly since 1970. Researchers led by Samir Soneji, PhD, of Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice...
New Breast Cancer Test Links Immune ‘Hotspots’ to Better Survival
Scientists have developed a new test that predicts the survival chances of women with breast cancer by analyzing images of “hotspots” where there has been a fierce immune reaction to a tumor. Using statistical software previously used in criminology studies of crime hotspots,...
NIH-Funded Study Suggests Novel Strategy to Improve Vaccine Efficacy in the Treatment of Glioblastoma
Although dendritic cell–based immunotherapy has shown limited promise in the treatment of patients with advanced cancers, including glioblastoma, the factors dictating dendritic cell–based vaccine efficacy have been poorly understood. Now, a clinical trial funded by the National...
Goserelin Provides Ovarian Protection During Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
In the phase III POEMS/S0230 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Moore et al found that treatment with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist goserelin (Zoladex) reduced risk of ovarian failure during chemotherapy for breast cancer in premenopausal women. Study Details In...
Breast Cancer Risk May Increase in Women Who Have First-Degree Relatives With a History of Prostate Cancer
Having a family history of prostate cancer among first-degree relatives may increase a woman's risk of developing breast cancer. Researchers from multiple institutions published their findings in a study by Beebe-Dimmer et al in Cancer. The study's results indicate that clinicians should take a...
Outcomes of Phase II Basket Trial of Molecular Profiling and Targeted Therapy in Advanced Thoracic Malignancies
In a basket trial (CUSTOM) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lopez-Chavez et al performed molecular profiling of tumors in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, or thymic malignancies and assigned those in any of five actionable...
Substitution of Bortezomib for Vincristine in R‑CHOP Improves Progression-Free Survival in First-Line Therapy for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Robak et al found that VR-CAP, a regimen replacing vincristine with bortezomib (Velcade) in R-CHOP (rituximab [Rituxan], cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), significantly improved progression-free...
Chromosomal Rearrangement May Be the Key to Progress Against Aggressive Infant Leukemia
The St. Jude Children's Research Hospital–Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project reports that a highly aggressive form of leukemia in infants has surprisingly few mutations beyond the chromosomal rearrangement that affects the MLL gene. The findings, reported by Andersson et al ...
