Julien Taïeb, MD, PhD, on Colorectal Cancer: Recent Findings on Avelumab vs Standard Second-Line Chemotherapy
ESMO Congress 2022
Julien Taïeb, MD, PhD, of Paris Descartes University, discusses phase II results from the SAMCO-PRODIGE 54 trial, which shows the efficacy and safety of avelumab in the second-line treatment of patients with deficient DNA mismatch–repair microsatellite-instability metastatic colorectal cancer. According to Dr. Taïeb, the study indirectly suggests this population should be treated as soon as possible with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (Abstract LBA23).
Transcript
Disclaimer: This video transcript has not been proofread or edited and may contain errors.
Today we are going to talk about the SAMCO-PRODIGE 54 trial, which is a randomized phase two study dedicated to MSI high metastatic colorectal cancer patients that were treated with an PD-L1 called avelumab or a standout second line therapy. All patients have received only one previous line of treatment and we know that immune checkpoint inhibitors are efficient in the SSI high population in first line. However, there is only one randomized data to date and this is the second one dedicated to second line. So altogether 132 patients were recruited, have treated with avelumab have treated with a standard second-line chemotherapy, plus targeted agent, adapted to their rest status as usual. The primary endpoint of the trial was PFS and the patients were stratified for age ... mutation and number of stats. What we have seen in the result is that the primary endpoint is rich PFS is better in patients treated with the immunotherapy than the one treated with chemotherapy with a targeted agent.
And what happened is that the curves are crossing several time, so it doesn't allow us to think with medians and as a ratio as usually, but we had to use the Q and chin test that is adapted when the shape of the curves is this way. What we can see also is that some patients are immediately resisting to immunotherapy. Some others are resisting within one year, as it was the case in the keynote 177 first line study, and that when the patients are controlled for several months, they are controlled for a very long period of time with approximately 25 to 30% of the patient controlled for more than two years. In this second line setting where generally overall survival are around one year or less. Concerning tolerability, what we have seen is that avelumab is better tolerated than chemotherapy with have less grade three four toxicities, 30% instead of 50% globally.
So it validates the use of an NTP DL-1 or PD-L1 in second line treatment for MSI high colon cancer. However, the primary and secondary resistance occurring during the first care being more important in this trial than in the first line trial. We can say by cross study comparison, but that probably the best. The sooner is the better, and we have to treat this patient as soon as possible. Altogether this is a positive trial that will help us to find a treatment and have scientific data if we see a patient MSI High that has not been previously treated with immunotherapy in second line.
The ASCO Post Staff
Richard S. Finn, MD, of the Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, discusses primary phase III results from the LEAP-002 study of pembrolizumab, an anti–PD-1 therapy, plus lenvatinib, the orally available multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vs lenvatinib monotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Abstract LBA34).
The ASCO Post Staff
Paul A. DiSilvestro, MD, of Women & Infants Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, discusses overall survival results after a 7-year follow-up of the SOLO1/GOG-3004 trial for patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA mutation who received maintenance olaparib. Dr. DiSilvestro details the increasing role of such PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment and their benefit to patients (Abstract 517O).
The ASCO Post Staff
Neal D. Shore, MD, of Carolina Urologic Research Center/Genesis Care, discusses new data from the ENACT trial, which showed that patients with prostate cancer and the RNA biomarkers PAM50 and AR-A were likely to have better outcomes with enzalutamide treatment. The results suggest that such RNA biomarkers may help to identify patients who may benefit from enzalutamide treatment compared with active surveillance (Abstract 1385P).
The ASCO Post Staff
Georgina V. Long, MD, PhD, of the Melanoma Institute Australia, discusses results from the CheckMate 915 trial, an analysis of the pretreatment circulating tumor DNA, along with other clinical and translational baseline factors, and their association with disease recurrence in patients with stage IIIB–D/IV melanoma treated with adjuvant immunotherapy (Abstract 788O).
The ASCO Post Staff
Bernd Kasper, MD, PhD, of Germany’s Mannheim Cancer Center, discusses phase III data from the DeFi trial, the largest study conducted to date for patients with desmoid tumors. The trial showed that the gamma secretase inhibitor nirogacestat demonstrated improvements in all primary and secondary efficacy endpoints. Although considered benign because of their inability to metastasize, desmoid tumors can cause significant morbidity and, occasionally, mortality in patients (Abstract LBA2).