Emily L. Podany, MD, on Metastatic Breast Cancer: Racial Differences in Genomic Profiles and Targeted Treatment Use
2024 ASCO Annual Meeting
Emily L. Podany, MD, of Washington University, St. Louis, discusses disparities in the use of PI3K inhibitors for Black patients with estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer while other drugs that do not require genomic profiling were similarly used (Abstract 1017).
Transcript
Disclaimer: This video transcript has not been proofread or edited and may contain errors.
The study that I'm presenting is a multicenter consortium study. It consists of 1,327 patients that we looked at both genomic data through the liquid biopsy Guardant360 and clinical data that we got manually from the electronic medical record system. We decided to use this large multi-consortium database to ask questions about targeted treatment use in Black versus White patients. So we found that Black and White patients had equal incidence of PIK3CA mutations. But despite this equal incidence, they had differences in targeted treatment use. Black patients ended up having significantly less targeted treatment use than White patients in this dataset. Specifically, this was for these PI3 kinase inhibitor use. When we looked at mTOR inhibitor use and CDK4/6 inhibitor use, which does not require a specific finding in ctDNA or liquid biopsy, we actually didn't find any differences. So the only targeted treatment use differences was when there was a specific targeted finding in the ctDNA profiling.
The other thing we looked at after that was we looked at overall survival in this cohort. We'd previously reported overall survival in the overall 1,327 patients, and then we looked specifically at HR-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients, and we looked at ER positive, PR negative HER2 negative, and ER positive, PR positive HER2 negative. The PR-negative patients did significantly worse in terms of overall survival and Black patients with ER positive, PR negative HER2 negative did significantly worse than White patients with the same profile. Finally, we looked at clinical trial enrollment, so we looked at whether the patients with this PIK3CA mutation with metastatic breast cancer were enrolled in clinical trials at the same rate between Black and White patients. So we found that Black patients were significantly less likely to be enrolled in a clinical trial than White patients.
The ASCO Post Staff
William G. Wierda, MD, PhD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses up to 5.5 years of follow-up data from the phase II CAPTIVATE study, showing that in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), fixed duration ibrutinib plus venetoclax continues to provide clinically meaningful progression-free disease in those with high-risk genomic features as well as in the overall population (Abstract 7009).
The ASCO Post Staff
Narjust Florez, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, of Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, discuss potentially practice-changing phase III results from the LAURA study. This trial showed that osimertinib after definitive chemoradiation therapy improved progression-free survival for patients with unresectable stage III EGFR-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting this agent may represent a new standard of care in this setting (LBA4).
The ASCO Post Staff
Sherene Loi, MD, PhD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, discusses a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis from a cohort of patients with early-stage breast cancer who were enrolled in the monarchE trial. This large cohort was studied to look at the usefulness of a personalized tumor-informed assay for ctDNA detection in early stage high-risk patients (LBA507).
The ASCO Post Staff
Xavier P. Leleu, MD, PhD, of France’s Université de Poitiers and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, discusses phase III findings showing that isatuximab in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone deepened responses and increased the rate of measurable residual disease negativity vs isatuximab with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma (Abstract 7501).
The ASCO Post Staff
Muhit Özcan, MD, of Turkey’s Ankara University School of Medicine, discusses the ongoing phase III BELLWAVE-010 study of nemtabrutinib plus venetoclax vs venetoclax plus rituximab in previously treated patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) (Abstract TPS7089).