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Gynecologic Cancers

PRIMA Trial Reports Benefit With Niraparib Across Ovarian Cancer Subsets

In women with advanced ovarian cancer responding to first-line chemotherapy, maintenance therapy with the PARP inhibitor niraparib significantly reduced the risk of disease progression by 38% overall and by 60% in women with BRCA mutations. Even patients without a homologous recombination...

Gynecologic Cancers

Expert Point of View: Mansoor R. Mirza, MD

The time has come to offer all patients a PARP [poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase] inhibitor,” said Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, Chief Oncologist at Copenhagen University Hospital and the invited discussant of the VELIA trial at the ESMO Presidential Symposium. He noted, however, that he wasn’t sure veliparib...

Gynecologic Cancers

Veliparib Plus Chemotherapy Meets Primary Endpoint in Advanced Ovarian Cancer

As first-line treatment for women with advanced ovarian cancer, the addition of veliparib during induction followed by veliparib maintenance therapy significantly reduced the risk of disease progression or death in the phase III VELIA/GOG-3005 trial reported at the European Society for Medical...

Gynecologic Cancers

2019 NCRI: CA125 Testing May Help General Practitioners to Detect Ovarian Cancer

Testing for levels of the serum biomarker cancer antigen 125 (CA125) in the blood may be a useful tool for the detection of ovarian cancer, and could help detect other types of cancer among patients in primary care, according to research presented by Funston et al at the 2019 National Cancer...

Gynecologic Cancers

PAOLA-1 Trial: Front-Line Olaparib/Bevacizumab Maintenance Benefits Women With Advanced Ovarian Cancer

In women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, front-line maintenance therapy with olaparib plus bevacizumab reduced the risk of disease progression by 41% overall and by 69% in the subset of patients with BRCA-mutated disease, vs bevacizumab and placebo, in the phase III PAOLA-1/ENGOT-ov25 trial...

Gynecologic Cancers

FDA Approves Niraparib for Patients With Homologous Recombination Deficiency–Positive Advanced Ovarian Cancer

On October 23, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved niraparib (Zejula) for patients with advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer treated with three or more prior chemotherapy regimens and whose cancer is associated with homologous recombination...

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

Pembrolizumab/Lenvatinib in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma Without Microsatellite Instability–High or Mismatch Repair–Deficient Disease

On September 17, 2019, the combination of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma that is not microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) and who have disease progression...

Gynecologic Cancers

Three Phase III Trials Suggest Paradigm Shift With PARP Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is typically a second-tier newsmaker at the world’s premier oncology conferences, but at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2019, this tumor type generated universal buzz. Impressive findings were presented for three PARP inhibitors in front-line maintenance...

Gynecologic Cancers

Care of Malignant Bowel Obstruction in Patients With Advanced Gynecologic Cancer

In a single-center retrospective study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Lee et al found that implementation of an interprofessional malignant bowel obstruction program changed care patterns and improved outcomes for women with advanced gynecologic cancers and malignant bowel...

Gynecologic Cancers

ESMO 2019: Veliparib Plus First-Line Chemotherapy and as Maintenance Therapy in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

In the phase III VELIA/GOG-3005 trial—reported at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2019 (Abstract LBA3) and simultaneously published in The New England Journal of Medicine—Robert L. Coleman, MD, and colleagues found that the use of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor ...

Gynecologic Cancers

ESMO 2019: Molecular Classification for Adjuvant Treatment in Women With High-Risk Endometrial Cancer

A study by Creutzberg et al investigated the survival outcome of combined adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with endometrial cancer with high-risk features. The researchers found that 5-year recurrence-free survival varied according to a patient’s specific...

Gynecologic Cancers

Time Without Symptoms or Toxicity After Niraparib Maintenance Therapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ursula A. Matulonis, MD, and colleagues found that niraparib maintenance therapy was associated with increased time without symptoms or toxicity (TWiST) vs routine surveillance among women with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer in...

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Nicoletta Colombo, MD, on Lenvatinib/Pembrolizumab for Advanced Endometrial Cancer

Nicoletta Colombo, MD, of Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, discusses the efficacy of lenvatinib/pembrolizumab in metastatic endometrial cancer. The combination showed antitumor activity, regardless of tumor microsatellite instability or DNA mismatch repair status (Abstract 994O).

gynecologic cancers

Antonio González Martín, MD, PhD, on Ovarian Cancer: PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 Trial of Niraparib

Antonio González Martín, MD, PhD, of the Clínica Universidad de Navarra, discusses study findings showing niraparib therapy significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer across biomarker subgroups (Abstract LBA1).

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, on Ovarian Cancer: Roundup of ESMO 2019 Top Abstracts

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, of Copenhagen University Hospital, offers his perspective on three studies presented in the Presidential Symposium: the PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/ GOG-3012 trial (niraparib for newly diagnosed advanced disease); the PAOLA-1/ENGOT-ov25 trial (olaparib plus bevacizumab maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed advanced disease); and the VELIA/COG-3005 study (integrating veliparib with front-line chemotherapy and maintenance therapy) (Abstracts LBA 1–4).

gynecologic cancers

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, and Robert L. Coleman, MD, on Integrating Velaparib With Chemotherapy and Maintenance Therapy in Gynecologic Cancers

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, of Copenhagen University Hospital, and Robert L. Coleman, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discuss phase III study findings, which showed that by adding veliparib to front-line carboplatin and paclitaxel and continuing it as monotherapy maintenance, the PARP inhibitor extended progression-free survival in women with newly diagnosed high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovaries or fallopian tubes or tumors of primary peritoneal origin (Abstract LBA3).

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Isabelle Ray-Coquard, MD, PhD, on Ovarian Cancer: Olaparib Plus Bevacizumab

Isabelle Laure Ray-Coquard, MD, PhD, of the Centre Leon Bérard, discusses phase III study findings in patients with newly diagnosed, advanced ovarian cancer who received olaparib plus first-line bevacizumab maintenance treatment. Compared with placebo plus bevacizumab, olaparib improved progression-free survival, with the greatest benefit in women with BRCA mutations and positive homologous recombination deficiency status (Abstract LBA2).

Gynecologic Cancers

ESMO 2019: Studies Show PARP Inhibitors Improve Survival, Reduce Risk of Disease Recurrence or Death in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Cancer

Two studies presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2019 Congress showed the efficacy of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. In the PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 study, presented by González Martín et al (Abstract LBA1;...

Gynecologic Cancers

Origin and Taxonomy of Mucinous Ovarian Cancer

An international study has revealed the origin of mucinous ovarian cancer, confirming that unlike other types of ovarian cancer, this cancer arises from benign and borderline precursors at the ovaries and are not extraovarian metastases. These findings were published by Cheasley et al in Nature...

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical, Vaginal, or Vulvar Carcinoma

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Naumann et al, the phase I/II CheckMate 358 trial found that nivolumab showed activity in a cohort of patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical, vaginal, or vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.   Study Details A total of 24 patients were enrolled...

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

FDA Grants Approval to Lenvatinib/Pembrolizumab in Advanced Endometrial Cancer, Announces Project Orbis

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE). Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among its international partners. Under this project, the FDA, the...

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

Bevacizumab/Niraparib vs Niraparib Alone for Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

In the phase II NSGO-AVANOVA2/ENGOT-ov24 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Mansoor Raza Mirza, MD, and colleagues found that the combination of bevacizumab plus niraparib prolonged progression-free survival vs niraparib alone in women with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Study...

Issues in Oncology
Gynecologic Cancers
Health-Care Policy

ASTRO 2019: Effect of Closure of Women’s Health Clinics From 2010 to 2013 on Cervical Cancer Screening and Detection

Following the closure of nearly 100 women’s health clinics across the United States from 2010 to 2013, fewer women were screened for cervical cancer; more women were diagnosed with advanced stages of the disease; and disease mortality rates rose. Findings from a new analysis combining several...

Gynecologic Cancers

Neoadjuvant Cisplatin/Gemcitabine Followed by Standard Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

In a Brazilian single-center phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, da Costa et al found that neoadjuvant cisplatin/gemcitabine followed by standard chemoradiation therapy with cisplatin did not improve outcomes vs chemoradiation therapy alone in locally advanced cervical...

Breast Cancer
Gynecologic Cancers
Genomics/Genetics

USPSTF Recommendation on Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer

As reported in JAMA, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended risk assessment and, if indicated, genetic counseling and testing for potentially harmful BRCA1/2 mutations in women with a personal or family history of breast, ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer or who have...

Gynecologic Cancers

2019 Quality Care: Improving Caregiver Identification and Support in a Gynecologic Oncology Practice

In a study reported at the ASCO Quality Care Symposium and simultaneously published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Campbell et al found that an ASCO Quality Training Program Project—the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) initiative—resulted in improvement in primary caregiver identification and...

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

Avelumab for Mismatch Repair–Deficient and Mismatch Repair–Proficient Endometrial Cancer

In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos, MD, PhD, and colleagues found evidence of promising activity of the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor avelumab in mismatch repair–deficient (MMRD) recurrent or persistent endometrial...

Gynecologic Cancers

Does PTSD Increase the Risk of Developing Ovarian Cancer?

Women who experienced six or more symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in life had a twofold greater risk of developing ovarian cancer compared with women who never experienced any PTSD symptoms. These findings were published by Roberts et al in Cancer Research. The...

Gynecologic Cancers

Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy Alone in High-Risk Endometrial Cancer

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Stephanie de Boer, MD, and colleagues, a post hoc updated survival analysis of the phase III PORTEC-3 trial has shown a significant overall survival benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in women with high-risk endometrial cancer. A...

Immunotherapy
Colorectal Cancer
Lung Cancer
CNS Cancers
Kidney Cancer
Gynecologic Cancers

FDA Approves Bevacizumab Biosimilar for Five Cancer Types

ON JUNE 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved bevacizumab-bvzr (Zirabev), a biosimilar to bevacizumab (Avastin), for the treatment of five types of cancer: metastatic colorectal cancer; unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic nonsquamous non–small cell lung...

Gynecologic Cancers

Addition of Antiangiogenic Agent to First-Line Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in Ovarian Cancer

In a phase III trial (TRINOVA-3/ENGOT-ov2/GOG- 3001) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ignace Vergote, PhD, and colleagues found that addition of the antiangiogenic agent trebananib to carboplatin/ paclitaxel did not improve progression-free survival in first-line treatment of advanced ovarian...

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Mansoor Raza Mirza, MD, and Don S. Dizon, MD, on Recurrent Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer: Niraparib Plus Bevacizumab

Don S. Dizon, MD, of the Lifespan Cancer Institute, and Mansoor Raza Mirza, MD, of Copenhagen University Hospital, discuss study findings that showed, compared with niraparib alone, niraparib plus bevacizumab improved progression-free survival in women with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer (Abstract 5505).

gynecologic cancers

Matthew A. Powell, MD, and Don S. Dizon, MD, on Uterine or Ovarian Cancer: Paclitaxel Plus Carboplatin vs Ifosfamide in Chemotherapy-Naive Patients

Don S. Dizon, MD, of the Lifespan Cancer Institute, and Matthew A. Powell, MD, of Washington University School of Medicine, discuss phase III findings on paclitaxel plus carboplatin vs paclitaxel plus ifosfamide in chemotherapy-naive patients with stages I to IV, persistent or recurrent carcinosarcoma of the uterus or ovaries (Abstract 5500).  

Hepatobiliary Cancer
Gynecologic Cancers

Aspirin Use and Cancer Prevention: Long-Term Data Needed on Benefits and Risks

In addition to its well-known cardioprotective benefits, aspirin has a substantial body of observational, preclinical, and clinical evidence supporting its efficacy in preventing cancer, most strongly for colorectal cancer.1 The strength of this evidence led the U.S. Preventive Services Task...

Gynecologic Cancers
Hepatobiliary Cancer

Regular Aspirin Use and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Data from two large U.S. prospective cohort studies indicate the benefits of regular aspirin use in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma and epithelial ovarian cancer. As reported by Tracey G. Simon, MD, MPH, of Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and colleagues, in JAMA...

gynecologic cancers

Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos, MD, PhD, on Endometrial Cancer: Avelumab in Microsatellite-Stable and -Instable Disease

Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos, MD, PhD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses his phase II study on the response to avelumab in microsatellite-stable and -instable recurrent or persistent endometrial cancer with a polymerase epsilon mutation (Abstract 5502).

gynecologic cancers

Richard T. Penson, MD, and Don S. Dizon, MD, on Ovarian Cancer: SOLO3 Trial on Olaparib vs Chemotherapy in Relapsed Disease

Don S. Dizon, MD, of the Lifespan Cancer Institute, and Richard T. Penson, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, discuss phase III study findings on the PARP inhibitor olaparib, which showed a significantly higher objective response rate vs nonplatinum chemotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer who relapsed, are platinum-sensitive, and have BRCA-mutant disease (Abstract 5506).  

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Yoland C. Antill, MD, on Endometrial Cancer: PHAEDRA Trial on Durvalumab and Mismatch Repair Status

Yoland C. Antill, MD, of Cabrini Health, discusses phase II data on the effect of durvalumab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, as a single agent in the setting of recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer. Her research compares the response in mismatch repair–deficient and –proficient tumors (Abstract 5501).

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Kamran A. Ahmed, MD, on Cervical Cancer: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Plus Atezolizumab

Kamran A. Ahmed, MD, of the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, reports on a trial in progress that is investigating whether treatment with atezolizumab plus hypofractionated radiation therapy will improve the objective response rate compared with atezolizumab alone in patients with recurrent, persistent, or metastatic cervical cancer (Abstract TPS5596).

Issues in Oncology
Gynecologic Cancers
Global Cancer Care

Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening Among HIV-Infected Women in Tanzania

Population screening programs and the advent of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination have made cervical cancer largely a preventable disease. Despite these advances, ­cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death for ­women in low- and middle-income countries. A recent study identified...

Gynecologic Cancers

Modeling Projections of Global Cervical Cancer Control

In a modeling study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Karen Canfell, DPhil, and colleagues detailed the preventive effects on cervical cancer that could be achieved by scaled-up human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical screening efforts with the aim of disease elimination. The major...

Gynecologic Cancers

Effect of Lymphadenectomy on Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer

In the international phase III LION study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Philipp Harter, MD, and colleagues found that lymphadenectomy did not improve progression-free or overall survival vs no lymphadenectomy in women with advanced ovarian cancer. Study Details The trial...

Gynecologic Cancers

Conservatively Managing Ovarian Tumors

In an interim analysis of a prospective cohort study (IOTA5) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wouter Froyman, MD, and colleagues found that the risk of malignancy and acute complications is low when adnexal masses with benign ultrasound findings are managed conservatively. In the study, patients...

Gynecologic Cancers

Welcome Questions About Cervical Cancer Treatment Options

TWO STUDIES reported in The New England Journal of Medicine1,2 showed that patients with early-stage cervical cancer had reduced disease-free and overall survival when treated with minimally invasive radical hysterectomy vs open or radical hysterectomy. The findings of these studies have been...

Gynecologic Cancers

Comparing Survival Outcomes With Minimally Invasive and Open Surgical Approaches to Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

MINIMALLY INVASIVE radical hysterectomy for women with early-stage cervical cancer has been associated with reduced rates of disease-free and overall survival in the phase III LACC randomized noninferiority trial comparing minimally invasive and open abdominal radical hysterectomy. The results...

Gynecologic Cancers

Minimally Invasive vs Open Abdominal Radical Hysterectomy in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

TWO STUDIES recently reported in The New England Journal of Medicine indicate that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy is associated with poorer survival outcomes than open abdominal radical hysterectomy in women with early-stage cervical cancer. As reported by Pedro T. Ramirez, MD, of The...

Gynecologic Cancers

Study Identifies Suitable Partner for Bevacizumab in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

For patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who receive platinum-based retreatment, the more suitable partner for bevacizumab (Avastin) may be carboplatin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, rather than carboplatin and gemcitabine, according to the results of a phase III ENGOT/GCIG Intergroup...

Gynecologic Cancers

Expert Point of View: Jonathan Ledermann, MD, and Clara MacKay

“A KEY AIM of treatment is the need to focus on preventing recurrence, which happens in 70% of patients. Over the past 20 years, we have made few inroads in preventing recurrence. This study brings a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) to the first-line setting,...

Gynecologic Cancers

Results Reported for Olaparib Maintenance in Ovarian Cancer

TWO-YEAR MAINTENANCE therapy with olaparib (Lynparza), a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, achieved a significant improvement in progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, according to results of the phase III SOLO-1...

Gynecologic Cancers

Niraparib Maintenance Therapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Amit M. Oza, MD, of the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, and colleagues found that quality of life based on patient-reported outcomes was not worsened with niraparib (Zejula) maintenance vs placebo in the phase III...

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