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Gynecologic Cancers

Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Can Lymphadenectomy Be Avoided for Some Patients?

Some people with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer may safely avoid having their lymph nodes removed during surgery without it impacting their survival outcomes, helping to reduce the risk of postoperative complications. This research was presented by Classe et al at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting...

gynecologic cancers

Don S. Dizon, MD, on Ovarian and Other Extrarenal Clear Cell Carcinomas: Update on Nivolumab and Ipilimumab

Don S. Dizon, MD, of Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, discusses final phase II results of the BrUOG 354 trial showing that, for patients with ovarian and other extrarenal clear cell cancers, nivolumab and ipilimumab warrant further evaluation against standard treatment, given the historically chemotherapy-resistant nature of the disease (LBA5500).

gynecologic cancers

Katherine C. Fuh, MD, PhD, on Ovarian Cancer: New Data on Batiraxcept and Paclitaxel

Katherine C. Fuh, MD, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco, discusses phase III findings of the AXLerate-OC trial, showing that batiraxcept with paclitaxel compared to paclitaxel alone improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer whose tumors were AXL-high in an exploratory analysis (LBA5515).

Gynecologic Cancers

Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Adding Ruxolitinib to Front-Line Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Interval Debulking Surgery

In a phase I/II NRG Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landen et al found that the addition of ruxolitinib to front-line paclitaxel/carboplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery improved progression-free survival in patients with stage III to IV ...

Gynecologic Cancers

Influence of Menopausal Hormone Therapy on Gynecologic Cancer Incidence and Mortality

In 2002, the federally funded Women’s Health Initiative—a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the effects of menopausal hormone therapy in healthy menopausal women—was abruptly halted when it was determined that taking estrogen and progestin hormones after menopause...

Gynecologic Cancers

Noninferiority of Simple vs Radical Hysterectomy for Pelvic Recurrence in Low-Risk Cervical Cancer

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Marie Plante, MD, of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, and colleagues, the phase III CX.5 SHAPE trial has shown noninferiority of simple vs radical hysterectomy in the frequency of pelvic recurrence in women with low-risk cervical...

Gynecologic Cancers

HPV Screening Intervals for Cervical Cancer May Be Safely Extended Beyond Current 5-Year Recommendation, Study Finds

A longitudinal cohort study published by Gottschlich et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention investigated the optimal interval between screening tests and the long-term risk of cervical precancer or worse (CIN2+). Researchers found that the risk of cervical precancer 8 years after ...

Multiple Myeloma
Breast Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Gynecologic Cancers
Skin Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: 2024 Updates

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® published its first set of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®) in 1996, covering eight tumor types. Currently, guidelines are available for more than 60 tumor types, subtypes, and related topics. The NCCN’s 29th Annual Conference...

Gynecologic Cancers
Head and Neck Cancer
Colorectal Cancer

FDA Approves HPV Self-Collection Solution

On May 15, Roche announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of its human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection solution—one of the first of such tests available in the United States. Screening for HPV can help identify women who are at risk of developing cervical cancer so that...

Gynecologic Cancers

Impact of Age on Outcomes in Endometrial Cancer

In an analysis of data from the PORTEC-1, -2, and -3 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wakkerman et al found that older age was associated with more aggressive tumor features and poorer outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer.   Study Details The analysis included data from 1,801...

Gynecologic Cancers

DUO-E Trial: Results Support New Treatment Options in Endometrial Cancer

New research findings have highlighted the importance of personalized treatment approaches with the monoclonal antibody durvalumab based on mismatch repair (MMR) status in newly diagnosed patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, according to data presented during the Society of...

Gynecologic Cancers

Local Recurrence of Endometrial Cancer: Radiotherapy With or Without Cisplatin

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ann H. Klopp, MD, PhD, and colleagues, results from an NRG Oncology/GOG trial showed “excellent” progression-free survival outcomes with radiation therapy alone for local recurrences of endometrial cancer, with the addition of cisplatin in...

Gynecologic Cancers

For Detection of Measurable Residual Disease in Ovarian Cancer, Are Two Methods Better Than One?

In patients with ovarian cancer, second-look surgery may find a role again. The evaluation of measurable residual disease (MRD) using second-look laparoscopy identified more women who had detectable MRD after front-line treatment than did circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), according to a study...

Breast Cancer
Gynecologic Cancers
Colorectal Cancer
Issues in Oncology

Cancer Screening Rates May Be Significantly Lower in U.S. Federally Qualified Health Centers

The rates of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings in Federally Qualified Health Centers may be substantially lower compared with overall screening rates in the United States, according to a recent study published by Amboree et al in JAMA Internal Medicine.  Background The U.S....

Gynecologic Cancers

FDA Approves Tisotumab Vedotin-tftv for Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer

On April 29, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted traditional approval to tisotumab vedotin-tftv (Tivdak) for patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer whose disease progressed on or after chemotherapy. Tisotumab vedotin-tftv previously received accelerated approval for...

Gynecologic Cancers

Activity Shown for Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Gynecologic Cancers

The recent approval of mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx is a testament to the emerging benefit of antibody-drug conjugates in recurrent ovarian cancer. Other agents of this class are now eliciting excitement as they demonstrate high response rates in a population with unmet clinical needs, according...

Gynecologic Cancers

AI Analysis of Cell-Free DNA Fragments and Protein Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Ovarian Cancer

A blood-based, machine learning assay that combines cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomes and protein biomarkers was able to differentiate patients with ovarian cancer from healthy controls at a high specificity of more than 99%, according to study results by Medina et al.1 It noninvasively recognized ...

Gynecologic Cancers

Expert Point of View: Gini F. Fleming, MD

The session’s invited discussant at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer was Gini F. Fleming, MD, Professor of Medicine, and Medical Director of Gynecologic Oncology at the University of Chicago. She was elated with the findings of several studies showing...

Gynecologic Cancers

Survival Benefit Emerges With Use of Dostarlimab-gxly Plus Chemotherapy in Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer

The addition of a checkpoint inhibitor to standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer not only reduced the risk of disease progression but improved overall survival, particularly for the mismatch repair–deficient/microsatellite instability–high...

Gynecologic Cancers
Issues in Oncology

Predicting Ovarian Cancer Relapse With Spatial Tissue Analysis

Researchers have found that spatial tissue analysis may help predict early posttreatment relapse and illuminate new potential therapies in patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, according to a recent study published by Xu et al in Science Advances.   Background Many patients with...

Gynecologic Cancers

Nivolumab With or Without Ipilimumab in Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer

  As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Ana Oaknin, MD, of the Medical Oncology Service at Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital, and colleagues, the phase I/II CheckMate 358 trial showed that both nivolumab monotherapy and nivolumab/ipilimumab regimens were active...

Gynecologic Cancers

Cisplatin, Gemcitabine, and IMRT in Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer

In a phase II trial (NRG Oncology/GOG Study 279) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Horowitz et al found that concurrent cisplatin, gemcitabine, and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) produced a high rate of complete pathologic response in patients with locally advanced vulvar...

Gynecologic Cancers

Progression-Free Survival Benefit Confirmed With Triplet Combination in BRCA Wild-Type, HRD-Positive Ovarian Cancer

The combination of immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy could be the new standard first-line treatment of patients with high-grade, advanced ovarian cancer with BRCA wild-type, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive tumors, according to data presented during the Society of...

Gynecologic Cancers
Genomics/Genetics

Study Identifies Genetic Variants Potentially Linked to Prevalent or Persistent HPV Infections

Investigators have uncovered genetic variants that may predispose certain female patients to prevalent or persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and increase their risk of developing cervical cancer, according to a recent study published by Adebamowo et al in the European Journal of Human ...

Gynecologic Cancers

Blood-Based Machine-Learning Assay May Noninvasively Detect Early Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most-common cancer among women globally, and the eighth most-common cause of death from cancer worldwide. In the United States alone, in 2023, there were nearly 20,000 new cases of the cancer, and about 13,270 deaths from the disease. Ovarian cancer is largely...

gynecologic cancers

Ana Oaknin, MD, PhD, on Recurrent Cervical Cancer: New Findings on Atezolizumab, Bevacizumab, and Chemotherapy

Ana Oaknin, MD, PhD, of Spain’s Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, discusses phase III findings from the BEATcc trial, showing that adding atezolizumab to a standard bevacizumab-plus-platinum regimen for patients with metastatic, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer significantly improves survival outcomes and may be considered a new first-line treatment option.

Gynecologic Cancers
Immunotherapy

Mirvetuximab Soravtansine Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients With Endometrial Cancer Subtype

The combination of the antibody-drug conjugate mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx and the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab showed notable activity in patients with recurrent or persistent microsatellite-stable endometrial cancer, according to new findings presented by Porter et al at the...

Gynecologic Cancers

Chemoradiotherapy With or Without Pembrolizumab for Newly Diagnosed, High-Risk, Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Domenica Lorusso, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III ENGOT-cx11/GOG-3047/KEYNOTE-A18 trial has shown that the addition of pembrolizumab to chemoradiotherapy improved progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed, high-risk, locally advanced...

Gynecologic Cancers

Pembrolizumab With Chemoradiotherapy for FIGO 2014 Stage III–IVA Cervical Cancer

On January 12, 2024, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was approved for use with chemoradiotherapy for treatment of patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2014 stage III–IVA cervical cancer.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings in the double-blind...

gynecologic cancers

Matthew A. Powell, MD, on Endometrial Cancer: Overall Survival Update on Dostarlimab-gxly Plus Chemotherapy

Matthew A. Powell, MD, of the Washington University School of Medicine, discusses phase III findings from the RUBY trial, which shows dostarlimab-gxly plus chemotherapy improves overall survival in patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, regardless of mismatch repair status. According to Dr. Powell, this regimen could become a new standard of care.

gynecologic cancers

Anne Knisely, MD, on Ovarian Cancer and the Implications of Detecting Residual Disease and ctDNA

Anne Knisely, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses study findings showing that patients with ovarian cancer who undergo second-look laparoscopy and are found to have measurable residual disease (MRD) as well as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) after front-line therapy have a particularly poor prognosis. These data suggest treatments should be individualized by stratifying risk, and front-line clinical trials of ovarian cancer should use MRD as a surrogate endpoint.

Gynecologic Cancers

Dostarlimab-Based Combinations in Advanced Endometrial Cancer

Statistically significant and clinically meaningful overall survival results from Part 1 and progression-free survival results from Part 2 of the RUBY/ENGOT-EN6/GOG3031/NSGO phase III trial in adult patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer were presented in a late-breaking...

Gynecologic Cancers

FDA Approves Mirvetuximab Soravtansine-gynx for FRα-Positive, Platinum-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer

On March 22, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved mirvetuximab soravtansine-gynx (Elahere) for adult patients with folate receptor–alpha (FRα)-positive, platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer, who have received one to three prior systemic ...

gynecologic cancers

Mary McCormack, PhD, MBBS, on Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Results From the INTERLACE Trial

Mary McCormack, PhD, MBBS, of University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, discusses the global health issue of cervical cancer and a way forward. Phase III findings from the GCIG INTERLACE trial showed that induction chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin before chemoradiation not only improved survival outcomes, it is feasible across diverse health-care settings and may be considered a new standard in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Gynecologic Cancers
Genomics/Genetics

Avelumab Plus Axitinib in Mismatch Repair–Proficient Recurrent or Persistent Endometrial Cancer

The combination of avelumab and axitinib may be effective in patients with mismatch repair–proficient recurrent or persistent endometrial cancer, according to new findings presented by Lee et al at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology’s (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Background...

gynecologic cancers

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, on Endometrial Cancer: Update on Combination Regimen of Dostarlimab, Chemotherapy, and Niraparib

Mansoor R. Mirza, MD, of Copenhagen University Hospital, discusses follow-up results from the RUBY trial, showing that, for patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, dostarlimab-gxly plus chemotherapy followed by dostarlimab-gxly plus niraparib improved progression-free survival in the overall and subgroup populations. Given the potential role for PARP inhibitor maintenance, the study is ongoing to obtain overall survival data.

gynecologic cancers

Brian M. Slomovitz, MD, on Cervical Cancer: Update on Tisotumab Vedotin vs Chemotherapy

Brian M. Slomovitz, MD, of Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, discusses additional phase III data from the innovaTV 301 trial, which showed that in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer, tisotumab vedotin-tftv was more efficacious than chemotherapy as second- or third-line treatment. According to Dr. Slomovitz, this agent may be considered a potential new standard of care in this population.

Gynecologic Cancers

Durvalumab-Based Regimens Improve Response Over Chemotherapy Alone in pMMR Advanced Endometrial Cancer

Latest analysis of the results from the phase III DUO-E trial showed durvalumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy followed by durvalumab plus olaparib demonstrated an improvement in multiple key secondary efficacy endpoints, particularly in patients with mismatch repair–proficient (pMMR) advanced or ...

Gynecologic Cancers
Supportive Care

ChatGPT May Accurately Answer Common Patient Questions Regarding Gynecologic Cancer

The artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot ChatGPT version 3.4 may correctly answer a majority of the common genetic counseling questions related to gynecologic oncology, according to new findings presented by Patel et al at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology’s (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on...

Gynecologic Cancers
Issues in Oncology

Germ Cell Tumors: Survival Rates in Female vs Male Patients

Female patients with ovarian germ cell tumors may have worse prognoses compared with male patients with testicular germ cell tumors, according to a recent study published by Sköld et al in the Journal of Internal Medicine.   Background Both ovarian and testicular germ cell tumors predominantly...

Gynecologic Cancers
Issues in Oncology

Physician Attitudes Toward 2020 ACS Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines

Investigators have uncovered that despite low adoption rates of the 2020 American Cancer Society (ACS) cervical cancer screening guidelines among physicians, a majority of them expressed willingness to utilize the recommendations under certain circumstances, according to a recent study published by ...

Gynecologic Cancers

Low-Risk Cervical Cancer: Pelvic Recurrence With Simple vs Radical Hysterectomy

As reported by Marie Plante, MD, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine, the phase III CX.5 SHAPE trial has shown noninferiority of simple vs radical hysterectomy in terms of pelvic recurrence in women with low-risk cervical cancer. Simple hysterectomy was associated with a reduced...

Gynecologic Cancers
Colorectal Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Head and Neck Cancer
Genomics/Genetics

Can Dual HER2 Blockade Treat More Than Just Breast or Gastric Cancer?

The established dual HER2 blockade of pertuzumab and trastuzumab may be an effective treatment for patients with several types of HER2-amplified cancers, according to a study published by Connolly et al in Clinical Cancer Research. Background HER2 receptors control how cells grow and divide. The...

Gynecologic Cancers

Trabectedin vs Chemotherapy in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer With BRCA Mutation or BRCAness Phenotype

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Domenica Lorusso, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the Italian phase III MITO-23 trial showed no overall survival benefit with trabectedin vs chemotherapy in women with recurrent ovarian cancer with a BRCA mutation or BRCAness phenotype. Study Details In ...

Gynecologic Cancers
Issues in Oncology

Cervical Cancer Rates May Be Rising in Low-Income U.S. Counties

The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer may be rising in patients residing in low-income areas of the United States, according to a recent study published by Amboree et al in the International Journal of Cancer. Study Methods and Results In the recent study, investigators used the...

Gynecologic Cancers

OVHIPEC-1 Trial: Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Plus Interval Cytoreductive Surgery Improves Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer

The final survival analysis of the Dutch-Belgian phase III OVHIPEC-1 trial showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery was associated with maintained progression-free and overall survival benefits at 10 years in women with advanced ...

Gynecologic Cancers

Normal Risk Ovarian Screening Study: Long-Term Update

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Han et al, the 21-year update of the Normal Risk Ovarian Screening Study (NROSS) has shown that the NROSS screening strategy remains effective for the detection of ovarian cancer and detection at early disease stages. Study Details   The NROSS...

Gynecologic Cancers

FDA Approves Pembrolizumab Plus Chemoradiotherapy for FIGO 2014 Stage III–IVA Cervical Cancer

On January 12, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) with chemoradiotherapy for patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2014 stage III–IVA cervical cancer. KEYNOTE-A18 Efficacy was evaluated in KEYNOTE-A18...

Gynecologic Cancers

Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Addition of Camrelizumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

In the Chinese phase II NACI trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Li et al found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus camrelizumab produced antitumor activity and had a manageable adverse event profile in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Study Details   A total of 85 patients were...

Gynecologic Cancers

OVHIPEC-1 Trial: Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Plus Interval Cytoreductive Surgery Improves Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer

The final survival analysis of the Dutch-Belgian phase III OVHIPEC-1 trial showed that the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to interval cytoreductive surgery was associated with maintained progression-free and overall survival benefits at 10 years in women with advanced ...

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