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Showing 7001 - 7050Docetaxel Superior to Erlotinib in Second-line Treatment of Advanced NSCLC with Wild-type EGFR
There is ongoing debate about the efficacy of erlotinib (Tarceva) in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have wild-type EGFR. In the TAILOR trial, reported in Lancet Oncology by Marina Chiara Garassino, MD and colleagues, erlotinib was compared with standard ...
New Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Could Help Predict Whether Disease Will Spread
Scientists have identified a protein that could play a crucial role in recognizing whether patients with colorectal cancer are candidates for chemotherapy due to a high risk of their cancer spreading, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Cancer. Scientists at the University...
Digital PCR Technology Detects Brain Tumor–associated Mutation in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have used digital versions of a standard molecular biology tool to detect a common tumor-associated mutation in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain tumors. In a report published in Molecular Therapy – Nucleic Acids, the...
Oxygen Decelerates Many Tumors When Combined with Radiation Therapy
A multidisciplinary team at UT Southwestern Medical Center has found that measuring the oxygenation of tumors can be a valuable tool in guiding radiation therapy, opening the door for personalized therapies that keep tumors in check with oxygen enhancement. In a study examining tissue oxygenation...
National Lung Screening Trial Analysis Supports Risk-based Targeting of Smokers for Low-dose CT Screening
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) resulted in a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality compared with chest radiography in participants aged 55 to 74 years with a minimum of 30 pack-years of smoking and no more than 15 years since...
Progesterone and Estrogen Receptor Expression Are Prognostic Markers for Endometrioid and High-grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Few markers of ovarian cancer prognosis have been established, perhaps because potential subtype associations are missed in studies including patients with all histopathologic subtypes. In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Weiva Sieh, PhD, of Stanford University and colleagues assessed the...
Alternate-day, Low-dose Aspirin May Reduce Colon Cancer Risk
Low-dose aspirin (100 mg) taken every other day may reduce a woman’s risk of developing colon cancer, according to an observational study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The findings are based on a large long-term study of 38,876 healthy women enrolled in the Women’s...
Revised International Prognostic Scoring System for MDS Is Better at Predicting Survival than Older Systems
A retrospective analysis of 380 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) registered in the Gruppo Romano Mielodisplasie Italian Regional database, which included data from 13 hematology centers in the Rome area, has found that the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) is...
Study Confirms Link Between High Blood Levels of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Increased Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
A second large, prospective study by scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has confirmed the link between high blood concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and an increased risk of prostate cancer. Study Details Published online in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, the...
New Guidelines Issued in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma–related Bone Disease
The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) has developed clinical practice recommendations for the management of multiple myeloma–related bone disease based on published study data through August 2012. Consensus of the interdisciplinary panel of clinical experts on the plasma-cell...
High Prediagnosis Red Meat Consumption Associated with Increased All-cause Mortality in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
There is evidence that diets high in red and processed meat are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Marjorie L. McCullough, ScD, and colleagues from the Epidemiology Research Program of the American Cancer Society examined the...
Two HIV Patients Show No Signs of Disease Following Bone Marrow Transplants for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Timothy Henrich, MD, Associate Physician in the Division of Infectious Disease at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, reported that two patients with long-standing HIV infections have no detectable levels of the disease in their blood cells, even though they stopped taking their...
Single Men, Smokers at Higher Risk for Oral HPV Infection
Smokers and single men are more likely to acquire oncogenic oral human papillomavirus (HPV), according to new results from the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study. Researchers from Moffitt Cancer Center, the National Cancer Institute, Mexico, and Brazil also reported that newly acquired oral HPV...
L1CAM Predicts Recurrence and Poor Outcome in Early-stage Type I Endometrial Cancer
Although patients with early-stage type I endometrial cancer have very good prognosis, a substantial proportion experience recurrence and die from the disease. In a study published in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Alain G. Zeimet, MD, PhD, of Innsbruck Medical University, Austria, and...
WHO Tobacco Control Policies Estimated to Prevent 7.4 Million Premature Deaths by 2050
Tobacco control measures put in place in 41 countries between 2007 and 2010 are predicted to prevent an estimated 7.4 million premature deaths by 2050, according to a study published in the July issue of the Bulletin of the World Health Organization. The study is one of the first to ...
Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma Linked to Shifts in Tumor Metabolism
Investigators in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have uncovered a connection between how tumor cells use energy from metabolic processes and the aggressiveness of the most common form of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Their findings demonstrate that normal...
Active Surveillance May Miss Aggressive Prostate Cancers in African American Men
A study of more than 1,800 men aged 52 to 62 suggests that African Americans diagnosed with very low-risk prostate cancers are much more likely than white men to actually have aggressive disease that goes unrecognized with current diagnostic approaches. Although prior studies have found it safe to...
Study Sets Guidelines for Stem Cell Transplants in Older Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
A new study by an international team of scientists provides the first statistically based guidelines for determining whether a stem cell transplant is appropriate for older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the most common blood disorders in people over 60 years of age, and frequently...
Lugano 2013: Chlorambucil plus Rituximab Produces Better Event-free and Progression-free Survival in Extranodal Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma
The International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG)-19 trial is the largest randomized trial in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma conducted to date. As reported by Emanuele Zucca, MD, of the Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, and colleagues, preliminary final results of the...
Use of Advanced Treatment Technologies Increases among Men at Low Risk of Dying from Prostate Cancer
Use of advanced treatment technologies for prostate cancer, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and robotic prostatectomy, has increased among men with low-risk disease, high risk of noncancer mortality, or both, a population of patients who are unlikely to benefit from these...
Researchers Identify and Map Signaling Pathway from EGFR to MCM7 Protein
Researchers have discovered and mapped the signaling network between two previously unconnected proteins, exposing a link that, if broken, could cut off cancer cell growth at its starting point. A team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reported the tie between...
Follicular Lymphoma Cells Induce Changes in T-cell Gene Expression and Function, Show Prognostic Significance for Survival
It has been shown that CD4 and CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in follicular lymphoma have impaired function and suppressed recruitment of critical signaling proteins to the immunologic synapse, and a number of studies have indicated the prognostic importance of the immune microenvironment in...
Study Shows HPV Vaccine Reduced Rate of Infection in Teenage Girls by 56%
A new government study investigating the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in females aged 14 to 59 before and after the introduction in 2006 of the HPV vaccine found that the rate of the HPV infection dropped by 56%, decreasing from 11.5% in 2006 to 5.1% in 2010 among female...
First-line Carboplatin plus Pemetrexed Improves Survival vs Pemetrexed Alone in Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Poor Performance Status
A significant proportion of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have poor performance status, and optimal clinical management of these patients has not been established. In an attempt to help define optimal chemotherapy in such patients, Mauro Zukin, MD, of Instituto...
Observation Is Safe, Cost-saving Option for Patients with Low-risk Prostate Cancer
Many men with low-risk, localized prostate cancers can safely choose active surveillance or watchful waiting instead of undergoing immediate treatment and have better quality of life while reducing health-care costs, according to a study by researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and...
Radioimmunotherapy/Chemotherapy Combination Could Extend Survival in Some Patients with Advanced Lymphoma
A new patient protocol for aggressive and recurrent lymphoma that combines intensive chemotherapy and radioimmunotherapy showed encouraging overall survival rates in some patients preparing for autologous bone marrow transplant, reported researchers at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the Society of...
Study Paves Way for Rational Drug Targeting of B-cell Lymphomas
A new study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute may help clinicians and drug researchers choose the most promising genetic targets to attack in a common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The report, published in the June 10 issue of Cancer Cellprovides a new, “big picture” view of an...
Reducing Unnecessary and High-dose Pediatric CT Scans Could Cut Future Cancers by More than Half
A study examining trends in x-ray computed tomography (CT) use in children in the United States has found that reducing unnecessary scans and lowering the doses for the highest-dose scans could lower the overall lifetime risk of future imaging-related cancers by 62%. The research was published...
Some Stage II/III HER2-positive Tumors May Be Treated with Targeted Therapy without Chemotherapy
Results from a multicenter phase II study of patients with locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer who receive targeted therapy with trastuzumab (Herceptin) and lapatinib (Tykerb) “support the hypothesis that selected patients with HER2-positive tumors may not need...
FDA Clears Multicenter Trial of Treatment for Chemotherapy-related Hair Loss
The FDA has approved initiation of a multicenter trial of the DigniCap System, a scalp-cooling device for chemotherapy-related hair loss. The trial is the second and final phase of study for the DigniCap System. A pilot study previously conducted by researchers at the University of California San...
ASCO 2013: Less Lymphedema with Axillary Radiotherapy than Node Dissection, but Comparable Disease Control
A European phase III clinical trial found that lymphedema was twice as common among women with sentinel lymph node–positive early breast cancer who had axillary lymph node dissection compared to those who had axillary radiotherapy. Overall and disease-free survival 5 years after treatment...
ASCO 2013: Weekly Paclitaxel Is Less Toxic but as Effective for Women with Higher-risk Early-stage Breast Cancer
Low-dose weekly administration of paclitaxel resulted in equal progression-free survival but reduced overall toxicity compared to every-2-week dose-dense administration for women with higher-risk early-stage breast cancer who have undergone surgery, according to a phase III randomized trial....
ASCO 2013: Cervical Cancer Screening Using Visual Inspection with Vinegar Reduces Mortality by 31% in Large Study in India
Cervical cancer mortality was reduced by 31% over a period of 15 years among women screened with biennial visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), or vinegar, delivered by primary health workers in a large randomized study conducted among 150,000 women in India. The researchers estimate this...
ASCO 2013: Sorafenib Stalls Growth of Treatment-resistant Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A randomized phase III study found that the targeted drug sorafenib (Nexavar) stalls disease progression by 5 months in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer that has progressed despite standard radioactive iodine therapy. If approved in this setting by the U.S. Food and Drug...
ASCO 2013: Adding Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy Significantly Improves Response Rates and Survival in Women with Advanced Cervical Cancer
Adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy regimens with or without a platinum drug improved outcomes for women with metastatic or relapsed cervical cancer treated in a randomized phase III study. Presenting the results at the 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract 3), lead author Krishnansu Sujata...
ASCO 2013: No Increased Risk of Oral HPV Infections Reported in Long-term Partners of Patients with HPV-positive Oropharyngeal Cancers
Spouses and long-term partners of patients diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer were no more likely to test positive for oral HPV infection than people in the general population and have a low risk of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer, according to the Human Oral...
EGFR Prevents Maturation of Cancer-fighting microRNAs under Hypoxia
Under conditions of oxygen starvation often encountered by tumors, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) sends signals that thwart the development of tumor-suppressing microRNAs, an international team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center discovered. The...
Intensified Liposomal Daunorubicin May Offer High Survival Rates without Added Cardiotoxicity for Children with Leukemia
Treating pediatric leukemia patients with a liposomal formulation of anthracycline-based chemotherapy at an intensified dose during initial treatment may result in high survival rates without causing any added heart toxicity, according to the results of a study published online in Blood, the...
Low-dose CT Detects Twice as Many Early-stage Lung Cancers as Chest X-ray, According to Additional NLST Results
Physicians have more information to share with their patients about the benefits and risks of low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening following the publication in the New England Journal of Medicine of the results of the first (of three planned) annual screening examinations from...
FDA Approves Low-dose, Two-dimensional Mammography Software
Hologic, Inc, announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the use of C-View, a new low-dose two-dimensional (2D) imaging software. C-View 2D images may now be used in place of the conventional 2D exposure previously required as part of Hologic’s FDA-approved...
ASCO 2013: Men’s Fitness in Middle Age Protects against Developing and Dying from Cancer Later in Life
Findings from a large, prospective 20-year study indicate that a high level of cardiovascular fitness in middle age reduces men’s risk of developing and dying from lung and colorectal cancer, two of the most common cancers affecting men. Better fitness also reduces the risk of dying from,...
Study Identifies Possible New Treatment Target for Acute Leukemia
A study has identified microRNA-155 as a new independent prognostic marker and treatment target in patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The study was led by researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital...
Study Establishes Basis for Genomic Classification of Endometrial Cancers
A comprehensive genomic analysis of nearly 400 endometrial tumors suggests that certain molecular characteristics, such as the frequency of mutations, could complement current pathology methods and help distinguish between principal types of endometrial tumors, as well as provide insights into...
Majority of Children Readmitted to Hospital Following Stem Cell Transplant
Nearly two-thirds of children receiving stem cell transplants returned to the hospital within 6 months for treatment of unexplained fevers, infections, or other problems, according to a study performed at Dana-Farber/Children’s Hospital Cancer Center in Boston. Children who received donor...
Cryoablation Spot Treats Cancer in the Lung, Extends Survival
Frozen balls of ice can safely kill cancerous tumors that have spread to the lungs, according to the first prospective multicenter trial of cryoablation. The results were presented on April 14, 2013, at the Society of Interventional Radiology’s 38th Annual Scientific Meeting in New Orleans....
Immunotherapy Showed Promising Antileukemia Activity in Pediatric Patients
Researchers using patients’ own immune cells in an immunotherapy approach called anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy achieved responses in children whose acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) had returned after a bone marrow transplant, according to preliminary results...
Biomarker Analysis Identified Women Most Likely to Benefit from T-DM1
For women with metastatic, HER2-positive breast cancer, the amount of HER2 on their tumor might determine how much they benefit from T-DMI—also now known as ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla)—according to data from a subanalysis of the phase III clinical trial that led the FDA to...
New Diagnostic Technology May Lead to Individualized Treatments for Prostate Cancer
A research team jointly led by scientists from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the University of California, Los Angeles, has enhanced a device they developed to identify and “grab” circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that break away from cancers and enter the blood, often leading to the...
Roswell Park Scientists Advance Findings about Novel, Low-toxicity Anticancer Agent
Researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have found that a new formulation of a promising anticancer agent, the small chemical molecule FL118, is even more effective in controlling two types of cancer than a version reported in PLOS ONE 6 months earlier proved to be. Additional evidence...
Moffitt Cancer Center Researchers Analyze HPV Vaccination Disparities among Girls from Low-income Families
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center and colleagues at the University of Florida studied health-care providers to determine the factors associated with disparities in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among girls, ages 9 to 17, from low-income families. They found that physician vaccination...
