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Showing 5951 - 6000Latest RTOG 0537 Data Indicate Electrical Nerve Stimulation May Provide Relief for Radiation-Induced Dry Mouth
Phase III results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0537 indicate that acupuncture-like, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ALTENS) may be equally effective as the prescription medication pilocarpine, the current standard of care, to treat radiation-induced xerostomia (dry...
Risk Algorithm Using Serial CA-125 Measurements Increases the Number of Screen-Detected Ovarian Cancers
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Menon et al, findings in the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening indicate that the number of screen-detected ovarian cancers is doubled by using the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm (ROCA) with serial CA-125 measurements...
ASCO 2015: First Version of CancerLinQ™ Data Analytics Platform Debuts at Annual Meeting
ASCO’s wholly owned nonprofit subsidiary, CancerLinQ LLC, provided the first demonstration of its groundbreaking health information technology platform at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago. Beginning May 30, demonstrations of the CancerLinQ platform’s initial components were...
ASCO 2015: Novel Targeted Drug Palbociclib Slows Progression of Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Results from the phase III registration study PALOMA-3 show that adding the investigational targeted agent palbociclib (Ibrance) to the standard hormonal therapy fulvestrant (Faslodex) more than doubled the duration of disease control, delaying disease progression by roughly 5 months in women with...
ASCO 2015: Anastrozole Offers Higher Breast Cancer–Free Interval Rates Than Tamoxifen Following Lumpectomy and Radiation for DCIS
A phase III trial comparing 5 years of tamoxifen vs 5 years of the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole for postmenopausal women treated for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) found 10-year breast cancer–free interval rates were higher in the anastrozole group than in the tamoxifen group (93.5% vs...
Addition of Number of Metastases Improves Prognostic Assessment Tool in Breast Cancer With Brain Metastases
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Subbiah et al, the addition of number of brain metastases to the breast graded prognostic assessment (breast-GPA) tool improved the prediction of overall survival in breast cancer patients with brain metastases. The existing breast-GPA includes...
ASCO 2015: Entolimod May Be a Promising Treatment Option for Many Solid Tumors
A collaborative team of researchers led by Alex A. Adjei, MD, PhD, FACP, of Roswell Park Cancer Institute, shared results from the first clinical study of the anticancer effects of the novel agent entolimod on May 30 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract 3063). Their findings confirm ...
ASCO 2015: NCI-MATCH Trial Links Targeted Drugs to Genetic Abnormalities
Investigators for the nationwide trial NCI-MATCH: Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice announced at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago that the precision medicine trial will open to patient enrollment in July. The trial seeks to determine whether targeted therapies for people whose tumors...
ASCO 2015: Eribulin Extends Overall Survival for Heavily Pretreated Patients With Advanced Liposarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma
Heavily pretreated patients with intermediate- or high-grade liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma had a 2-month increase in median overall survival when subsequently treated with eribulin (Halaven) rather than the standard drug dacarbazine. “For a disease where so few treatment options exist, a...
ASCO 2015: ASCO Announces First-Ever Clinical Trial
ASCO announced its first-ever clinical trial, which will offer patients with advanced cancer access to molecularly targeted cancer drugs and collect “real-world” data on clinical outcomes, to help learn the best uses of these drugs outside of indications approved by the U.S. Food and...
ASCO 2015: Complete Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Improve Survival in Patients With Melanoma and Micrometastases
For patients with melanoma and micrometastases, as shown by positive sentinel lymph node biopsy, complete lymph node dissection did not improve survival, according to results of a randomized study presented at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting (Abstract LBA9002). “This is the first study which...
ASCO 2015: Phase III Study Confirms Benefits of Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy for Patients With Multiple Myeloma
A large, cooperative group study directed by the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology has confirmed previous evidence that the drug lenalidomide (Revlimid) delays time to disease progression for patients with multiple myeloma and is an important treatment option for patients with this rare but...
ASCO 2015: First Effective Adjuvant Chemotherapy for High-Risk, Localized Prostate Cancer
“For the first time, improvement in overall survival was observed with tolerable adjuvant chemotherapy for localized, high-risk prostate cancer,” Howard Sandler, MD, Professor of Radiation Oncology at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, announced at a press briefing at the...
ASCO 2015: Tumor Sequencing Study Highlights Benefits of Profiling Healthy Tissue
As the practice of genetically profiling patient tumors for clinical treatment decision-making becomes more commonplace, a recent study from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center suggests that profiling normal DNA also provides an important opportunity to identify inherited mutations...
ASCO 2015: For Patients With Limited Brain Metastases, Adjuvant Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy Increases Cognitive Decline Without Improving Survival
A federally funded phase III trial found that adding whole-brain radiation therapy to radiosurgery did not significantly extend survival of patients with one to three small metastases of the brain, although it did help to control the growth of brain metastases, as evidenced by imaging studies....
ASCO 2015: Elective Neck Dissection Improves Early Oral Cancer Survival
A randomized phase III study resolves long-standing questions about the optimal timing of neck lymph node surgery for patients with early-stage oral cancer by showing that elective neck dissection both improves survival and lowers recurrence rates compared to therapeutic neck dissection performed...
ASCO 2015: Reduction in Late Mortality Among Childhood Cancer Survivors Linked to Improvements in Cancer Care
Survivors of childhood cancer in recent eras have shown a significant reduction in late mortality, and “for the first time, we have been able to attribute that to fewer deaths from treatment-related causes or fewer deaths from late effects of the primary therapy,” Gregory T....
ASCO 2015: Discussing Child’s Cancer Prognosis Beneficial for Parents
New findings by researchers at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center show that informing parents about their child’s cancer prognosis—even when the prognosis is less than favorable—is much more likely to give parents peace of mind and hope, rather...
ASCO 2015: Phase III Study Finds Nivolumab Improves Progression-Free Survival, Especially When Combined With Ipilimumab, in Advanced Melanoma
A randomized phase III trial among patients with previously untreated melanoma found that initial therapy with nivolumab (Opdivo) alone more than doubled the median progression-free survival compared with ipilimumab (Yervoy) alone (6.9 vs 2.9 months), and the benefit was even greater when the two...
ASCO 2015: JAK Inhibitor Pacritinib Proves Effective for Easing Symptoms of Myelofibrosis
Findings from the PERSIST-1 study of patients with myelofibrosis show that the JAK inhibitor pacritinib is significantly more effective than best available therapy, which includes a range of off-label treatments, for easing the symptoms of myelofibrosis. At a landmark analysis at 24 weeks of...
ASCO 2015: New Ibrutinib Combination Regimen Shows Substantial Benefits in Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
First results from a randomized phase III study show that the combination of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) and bendamustine (Treanda)/rituximab (Rituxan) improves outcomes for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that progressed despite prior therapy. At a median follow-up of 17 months,...
ASCO 2015: Obinutuzumab Doubles Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Relapsed, Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Adding the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody obinutuzumab (Gazyva) to standard bendamustine (Treanda) chemotherapy and then following that with single-agent obinutuzumab maintenance therapy “resulted in a statistically significant, but more importantly, a clinically meaningful increase in...
ASCO 2015: Bevacizumab Combination Boosts Survival in Advanced Stomach and Esophageal Cancers
Patients whose metastatic stomach or esophageal cancers were driven by a mutated HER2 gene had markedly improved response rates and survival when bevacizumab (Avastin) was added to a standard drug combination. Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, who led the research, will report these...
ASCO 2015: Study Clarifies Best Treatments for Non–Clear Cell Kidney Cancers
A head-to-head comparison of two biologic therapies used to treat a subset of patients with advanced kidney cancers provides much-needed clarity on the preferred method of first-line treatment. The phase II ASPEN trial, led by researchers at the Duke Cancer Institute, is the first and largest trial ...
ASCO 2015: Nivolumab Shows Highly Promising Activity in Advanced Liver Cancer
A phase I/II study testing the safety and antitumor activity of nivolumab (Opdivo) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has revealed one of the first signs that immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors will have a role in the treatment of liver cancer. The results and potential implications...
ASCO 2015: Mismatch Repair Deficiency Predicts Response to Pembrolizumab Among Patients With Colorectal and Other Cancers
A phase II study identified the first genomic marker—mismatch repair deficiency—to predict clinical benefit of immune checkpoint blockade with the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda). Among 50 patients with colorectal cancer, 62% of the 25 patients with mismatch...
Blood Thinners Safe for Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases
Cancer patients with brain metastases who develop blood clots may safely receive blood thinners without increased risk of dangerous bleeding, according to a study published by Donato et al in Blood. Cancer increases a patient’s risk of developing blood clots, and an anticoagulant is often...
Study Finds Prostate Cancer Survivors Who Maintained a Western Diet Had an Increased Risk of Death
A large study evaluating the relationship of dietary patterns with prostate cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer has found that the men who ate a Western-style diet of foods rich in processed meats, red meats, and high-fat dairy...
First-in-Class Antibody Mixture Shows Clinical Activity Against Treatment-Resistant, Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Patients with advanced colorectal tumors without mutations in the RAS genes derive substantial benefit from anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) therapies; however, the disease eventually progresses, leaving these patients with few alternative therapeutic options. Over the past decade, some ...
Polish Study Shows Inherited PALB2 Mutation Confers Greater Risk and Poorer Outcome of Breast Cancer
In a Polish prospective cohort analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cybulski et al found that PALB2 mutation carriers had increased risk of breast cancer and that those with breast cancer had significantly reduced long-term survival. Study Details In the study, genotyping for two...
ASCO Releases Proposal for Payment Reform to Support Higher-Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care
Expanding on the Consolidated Payments for Oncology Care (CPOC) payment model circulated last year to improve the quality and affordability of care for patients with cancer, ASCO’s new Patient-Centered Oncology Payment: Payment Reform to Support Higher Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care...
AUA 2015: New Studies Call for Smarter Approach to Prostate Cancer Screening
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in American men, yet controversy over the utilization and frequency of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening methods remains, due to the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of men with low-grade, less-aggressive forms of the disease. At the 110th...
AUA 2015: Sperm Banking Rates Increase With Fertility Counseling for Cancer Patients
Fertility counseling for men with cancer, prior to initiating treatment, can increase the rate of sperm preservation, according to a new survey by Rotker et al presented during the 110th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Urological Association (AUA; Abstract PD52-11). Chemotherapy can...
Urine-Based Test Improves on PSA for Detecting Prostate Cancer
A new urine-based test improved prostate cancer detection—including detecting more aggressive forms of prostate cancer—compared to traditional models based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The results were published by Tomlins et al in European Urology. The test, developed at ...
American College of Physicians Offers Advice on High-Value Screening in Five Cancers
To provide guidance on high-value cancer care screening strategies, the American College of Physicians (ACP) recently reviewed clinical guidelines issued by various medical organizations for screening strategies in five common cancers for asymptomatic, average-risk adults. The five cancers focused...
Study Finds Noninvasive Colon Cancer Screening May Be Promising for African Americans
In a first-of-its-kind clinical trial, physician-scientists at University Hospitals (UH) Case Medical Center, Seidman Cancer Center, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine found that a new, noninvasive technology for colon cancer screening is a promising alternative to colonoscopy...
ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion Update: HBV Screening for Cancer Patients Before Cancer Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hwang et al, ASCO has released a provisional clinical opinion update on screening of cancer patients for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection before cancer treatment to reduce the risk of HBV reactivation. The ASCO consensus panel providing the update ...
Certain Treatments for Childhood Cancer May Increase Obesity Risk Later in Life
Individuals who had cancer as a child may be at increased risk of being obese due to the therapies they received during their youth. The finding comes from a new study published early by Wilson et al in Cancer. The study’s results suggest the need for effective counseling and weight loss...
Androgen-Deprivation Therapy May Lead to Cognitive Impairment in Prostate Cancer Patients
Cognitive impairment can occur in cancer patients who are treated with a variety of therapies, including radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. This side effect, when occurring with chemotherapy, is commonly referred to as “chemobrain.” Signs of cognitive impairment...
Study Shows Tomosynthesis Detects More Breast Cancers Than Traditional Mammography
One-view digital breast tomosynthesis detects 40% more breast cancers than two-view digital mammography does, according to a major screening study from Lund University in Sweden. The study’s results were published by Lång et al in European Radiology. This is the first large-scale study ...
ASCO 2015: Augmenting Standard Therapies Increases Cure Rates for High-Risk Wilms Tumor
Two phase III Children’s Oncology Group studies found that augmenting therapy with additional drugs improved outcomes for children with a high-risk form of Wilms tumor. These patients have a specific chromosomal abnormality associated with a poorer prognosis. In prior research, such patients...
ASCO 2015: Adding Chemotherapy to Initial Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced, Hormone-Naive Prostate Cancer
The UK-led STAMPEDE trial found that adding docetaxel chemotherapy to standard hormone therapy markedly improved survival for men with newly diagnosed advanced prostate cancer not previously treated with hormone therapy (hormone-naive). Men who received docetaxel plus standard therapy lived on...
ASCO 2015: Oral Vitamin Reduces Risk of Common Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers in High-Risk Patients
The Australian ONTRAC trial showed that a form of vitamin B3 called nicotinamide significantly reduced the rates of new skin cancers in people at high risk of the disease. Taken as a twice-daily pill, nicotinamide reduced the incidence of new nonmelanoma skin cancers by 23%. These findings were...
TAS-102 Significantly Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
A large, phase III international study of the oral agent TAS-102 in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer has found that the therapy improved overall survival by 1.8 months and also delayed disease progression. TAS-102 had few side effects and was also effective in patients...
Good Prognosis for Parenthood for Women Treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma During Childhood or Adolescence
In a German study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Brämswig et al found that women treated for Hodgkin lymphoma during childhood or adolescence had a good prognosis for achieving parenthood. Study Details This prospective longitudinal study included 467 female patients aged < 18 years at...
Preclinical Study Points to Possible Treatment for Lethal Pediatric Brain Cancer
Using brain tumor samples collected from children in the United States and Europe, an international team of scientists found that the drug panobinostat (Farydak) and similar gene-regulating drugs may be effective at treating diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), an aggressive and lethal form of...
At-Risk Patients Often Opt Out of Comprehensive Multiplex Cancer Screening
Some at-risk patients opted out of comprehensive cancer gene screening when presented with the opportunity to be tested for the presence of genes linked to various cancers, according to a recent study led by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the...
CEP17 or TOP2A Aberrations Predict Benefit of Adjuvant Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bartlett et al found that the presence of duplication of chromosome 17 pericentromeric alpha satellite, measured by a centromere enumeration probe (CEP17), and TOP2A aberrations predicted benefit of anthracycline-based adjuvant therapy in...
Two-Week International Diet Swap Shows Potential Effects of Food on Colon Cancer Risk
African Americans and Africans who swapped their typical diets for just 2 weeks similarly exchanged their respective risks of colon cancer, as reflected by alterations of their gut bacteria, according to an international study led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of...
UK Trial of PET-Directed Therapy Suggests That No Radiotherapy May Be an Option in PET-Negative Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a UK phase III RAPID trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Radford et al compared no further treatment vs involved-field radiotherapy in patients with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma who had negative positron emission tomography (PET) findings after 3 cycles of doxorubicin,...
