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Showing 551 - 600Osimertinib Shows Activity in Pretreated EGFR Thr790Met–Positive Advanced NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Glenwood Goss, MD, of The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, University of Ottawa, and colleagues found that osimertinib produced a high response rate in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor–pretreated EGFR Thr790Met (T790M)–positive advanced non–small...
Weekly Vinblastine in Chemotherapy-Naive Children With Progressive Low-Grade Glioma
In a phase II Canadian Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lassaletta et al found that vinblastine monotherapy was associated with response or stable disease in most children with chemotherapy-naive low-grade glioma. Vinblastine monotherapy has shown ...
Dose-Adjusted EPOCH-R No Better Than R-CHOP in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Long-awaited results of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB)/Alliance 50303 trial were a disappointment to many hematologists/oncologists at the 2016 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition. The study failed to show that dose-adjusted EPOCH-R (etoposide,...
Accelerating Progress in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme
W.K. Alfred Yung, MD, has wanted a career in medicine since he was a high-school student and has spent nearly 4 decades fulfilling that dream, specifically in the research and treatment of one of the deadliest cancers, malignant brain tumor, especially glioblastoma multiforme, the most common...
Osimertinib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Platinum/Pemetrexed in EGFR T790M–Positive NSCLC
In the phase III AURA3 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicineby Mok et al, osimertinib (Tagrisso) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs platinum/pemetrexed (Alimta) among patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M–positive non–small...
Valerian
Scientific Names: Valeriana officinalis, Valeriana radix Common Names: Garden valerian, Indian valerian, Pacific valerian, garden heliotrope Overview A perennial flowering plant prevalent in Europe, Asia, and North America, valerian has a long medicinal history as a relaxant. Its potential as a...
Approval of Dinutuximab for High-Risk Neuroblastoma: Lessons Learned in Expediting the Development of Pediatric Cancer Drugs
On March 10, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted regular approval to dinutuximab (formerly known as chimeric 14.18 antibody; Unituxin) for use in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and 13-cis-retinoic acid...
No Progression-Free Survival Difference With Temozolomide vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Low-Grade Glioma
In a phase III intergroup trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Brigitta G. Baumert, MD, of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, and colleagues found no progression-free survival difference between temozolomide chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone in...
New Treatments for Lung Cancer in 2016
With drug approvals for immunotherapy in the first- and second-line settings, breakthroughs in targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, and the rapid evolution of therapies that target anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements, 2016 has been an extraordinary year for lung...
Expert Point of View: Steven Piantadosi, MD, PhD
In an interview with The ASCO Post, Steven Piantadosi, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine and Director of the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, expressed enthusiasm for the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) network of data-sharing. “With...
Bad Year for Brain Tumors, but Still Reasons for Hope
Checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies are reshaping the landscape of cancer care across multiple tumor sites, but treatments for brain tumors remain decidedly unchanged. The standard of care for high-grade gliomas in the front-line setting—a combination of surgery and chemoradiation—is the...
ASCO Endorses ASTRO Guideline on Radiation Therapy for Glioblastoma
As reported by Erik P. Sulman, MD, PhD, of MD Anderson Cancer Center, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed the 2016 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based guideline on radiation therapy for glioblastoma. The endorsement was based on review of ...
EORTC-NCI-AACR 2016: ‘Remarkable Antitumor Activity’ in Phase I Studies of PDGFRα and KIT Mutation Inhibitors
Two studies at the 28th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics in Munich, Germany focused on the inhibition of mutations in the KIT and PDGFRα oncogenes. These genes provide instructions for making proteins that are part of a family of proteins called receptor...
Association of Extent of Surgeon-Assessed Resection on Outcome in High-Risk Neuroblastoma
In an analysis of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma from the Children’s Oncology Group A3973 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, von Allmen et al found that surgeon-assessed resection of at least 90% was associated with improved event-free survival and a reduced cumulative ...
Advanced Practitioners Convene at Fourth Annual JADPRO Live at APSHO
Launched in 2012 by Harborside Press, publisher of the Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology (JADPRO) and The ASCO Post, this year’s JADPRO Live at APSHO conference topped previous attendance records with nearly 1,100 attendees. APSHO, the Advanced Practitioner Society in Hematology and...
Factors Predictive of Outcomes With Dabrafenib/Trametinib in Metastatic BRAF-Mutant Melanoma
Long et al identified factors predictive of progression-free and overall survival with combined dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus trametinib (Mekinist) in patients with BRAF V600E–mutant or BRAF V600K–mutant metastatic melanoma, according to a pooled individual data analysis reported in The...
Activation of WNT5A May Drive Glioblastoma Stem Cell Differentiation and Invasive Growth
Glioblastoma multiforme remains the most common and highly lethal brain cancer, known for its tendency to recur. Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a pathway by which cancer cells aggressively spread and grow in the brain, opening up new possibilities...
Expert Point of View: Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD
Commenting on ASCEND-5, Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD, Director of Thoracic Oncology at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, noted that it is the first randomized study to examine how a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor compares to standard second-line...
‘Exceptional Response’ to First-Line Vismodegib Reported in Patient With Unresectable/Multifocal Adult Medulloblastoma
In a case report in Cancer Biology & Therapy, Lou et al described an exceptional response to first-line treatment with the hedgehog inhibitor vismodegib (Erivedge) in a 51-year-old patient with a history of basal cell carcinoma who was diagnosed with an unresectable/multifocal form of adult...
Prevalence of Early Endocrine Disorders in Survivors of Childhood Brain Tumors
Clement et al found that 25% of survivors of childhood brain tumors were diagnosed with endocrine disorders over 6.6 years of follow-up, based on a Dutch nationwide study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Hanneke M. van Santen, MD, PhD, of Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University...
Advanced Practitioners Convene for Annual JADPRO Live at APSHO Meeting
The fourth annual JADPRO Live conference was held recently in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the Advanced Practitioner Society for Hematology and Oncology (APSHO) on November 3–6, 2016, at the Gaylord National Hotel in National Harbor, Maryland. More than 1,100 individuals attended...
Diagnosing and Managing Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of cancer treatment—the incidence is reported to be as high as 70% in the first month of chemotherapy1—and can cause significant disability in patients. The extent of the neurotoxicity incurred by patients varies depending on the...
Preliminary Data Indicate Potential Role for Dabrafenib as Part of Therapy for Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas With BRAF V600 Mutation
About 10% of children with low-grade gliomas have the BRAF V600E mutation, and preliminary studies suggest that the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) may play an important role in treating this group of patients. A phase I/II trial presented at the 2016 European Society for Medical Oncology...
Osimertinib Shows Activity in Pretreated EGFR Thr790Met–Positive Advanced NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Goss et al found that osimertinib produced a high response rate in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor–pretreated EGFR Thr790Met (T790M)–positive advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Osimertinib is an EGFR tyrosine kinase...
Expert Point of View: Vinai Gondi, MD
Formal discussant of both trials, Vinai Gondi, MD, Director of CNS Radiation Oncology at Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center in Warrenville, Illinois, offered a somewhat more nuanced take on the data from these studies. To begin, he commended the authors of both studies. “These were both...
Stereotactic Radiosurgery Achieves Better Quality of Life and Improved Cognition Than Whole-Brain Radiotherapy
Two separate randomized trials presented at the 58th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) affirmed the value of stereotactic radiosurgery as an option for postoperative treatment of the surgical cavity of resected brain metastases, potentially avoiding the cognitive...
Dutch Study Shows High Prevalence of Early Endocrine Disorders in Survivors of Childhood Brain Tumors
Clement et al found that 25% of survivors of childhood brain tumors were diagnosed with endocrine disorders over 6.6 years of follow-up, based on a Dutch nationwide study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The study involved data from 718 survivors diagnosed at age ≤ 18 years with a...
Teresa Calimeri, MD, PhD, on DLBCL: Findings on High-Dose Methotrexate (Italian Language Version) 
Teresa Calimeri, MD, PhD, of San Raffaele Hospital, discusses in Italian high-dose methotrexate as a CNS prophylaxis, shown to significantly improve outcome in patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (Abstract 908O)
Teresa Calimeri, MD, PhD, on DLBCL: Findings on High-Dose Methotrexate
Teresa Calimeri, MD, PhD, of San Raffaele Hospital, discusses high-dose methotrexate as a CNS prophylaxis, shown to significantly improve outcome in patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (Abstract 908O)
Shou-Ching Tang, MD, PhD, on Recurrent CNS Metastases in Breast Cancer: Study Results on a Novel Conjugate
Shou-Ching Tang, MD, PhD, of the Georgia Cancer Center, discusses findings on a novel peptide–paclitaxel conjugate that crosses the blood-brain barrier and shows activity in breast cancer patients with recurrent central nervous system metastases. (Abstract 324O)
Good CNS Response to Alectinib Reported in Previously Treated ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a pooled analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gadgeel et al found that alectinib (Alecensa) was associated with good central nervous system (CNS) response in patients with ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with crizotinib (Xalkori). Study ...
Temozolomide vs Radiotherapy in High-Risk Low-Grade Glioma
In the phase III EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment) 22033-26033 intergroup trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Baumert et al found no progression-free survival difference between temozolomide chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone in patients with high-risk low-grade glioma....
Phase III Trial Finds No Survival Benefit of Adding Ipilimumab to Etoposide/Platinum in Newly Diagnosed Extensive-Stage SCLC
In a phase III trial (CA184-156) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Martin Reck, MD, PhD, of LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Germany, and colleagues, the addition of the anti–CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4) checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab (Yervoy) to...
Which Factors Influence Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases?
The advent of more effective systemic therapies, which extend patients’ lives, has also resulted in an increasing incidence of brain metastases, for which clinicians must determine appropriate treatment. Whole-brain radiotherapy has been the traditional treatment modality, but stereotactic...
ASTRO 2016: Stereotactic Radiosurgery Decreases Rate of Postoperative Local Recurrence for Brain Metastases
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for cancer patients who receive the treatment for brain metastases decreases the likelihood of local recurrence, but shows no positive difference in terms of overall survival or distant brain metastases rates when compared to observation alone following surgical...
ASTRO 2016: Reduced Radiation Boost Volume Recommended for Average-Risk Pediatric Medulloblastoma, but Craniospinal Axis Dose Remains Unchanged
In the largest trial conducted for average-risk medulloblastoma, survival rates following reduced radiation therapy boost volumes were comparable to standard treatment volumes for the primary tumor site, but lower doses of craniospinal axis irradiation were associated with higher event rates and...
ASTRO 2016: Postoperative Stereotactic Radiosurgery: New Standard of Care for Patients With Resected Brain Metastases?
For patients who have cancer that has metastasized to the brain, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) results in statistically comparable survival rates, reduced cognitive decline, and better quality of life, compared to whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT), according to research presented at the 58th Annual ...
Little Benefit Reported With WBRT in NSCLC Patients With Brain Metastases Unsuitable for Resection or Stereotactic Radiotherapy
In a UK-based phase III noninferiority trial (QUARTZ) reported in The Lancet, Mulvenna et al found that use of whole-brain radiotherapy in addition to optimal supportive care including dexamethasone was associated with little additional benefit in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients...
Is Weekly Vinblastine Active in Chemotherapy-Naive Children With Progressive Low-Grade Glioma?
In a phase II Canadian Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lassaletta et al found that vinblastine monotherapy was associated with response or stable disease in most children with chemotherapy-naive low-grade glioma. Vinblastine monotherapy has shown ...
Is Extramedullary Disease at Diagnosis Prognostic in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
The presence of extramedullary disease at acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosis was not an independent prognostic factor for worse survival, based on an analysis of data from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group–American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ECOG-ACRIN) reported by Ganzel...
Effect of Radiosurgery Alone vs With Whole-Brain Radiotherapy on Cognitive Function in Patients With Brain Metastases
Physicians from Carolinas HealthCare System’s Neurosciences Institute and Levine Cancer Institute are among the authors of a recent study published by Brown et al in JAMA.1 The study showed how among patients with one to three brain metastases, the use of stereotactic radiosurgery alone, compared...
For High-Grade and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Treat Adults Like Children
Outcomes for adults with high-grade and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) appear to be better when these patients are treated with pediatric-inspired protocols, according to Mitchell S. Cairo, MD, Chief of the Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Maria...
Ceritinib Shows Overall and Intracranial Activity in Advanced NSCLC Previously Treated With Crizotinib and Chemotherapy
Lucio Crinò, MD, of the University Medical School of Perugia, Italy, and colleagues found that ceritinib (Zykadia) was active overall and in central nervous system (CNS) metastases in patients with ALK-rearranged advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with crizotinib...
Understanding Double-Hit Lymphomas and Optimizing Management
Double-hit lymphomas are a challenging subset of high-grade B-cell lymphomas, previously characterized histologically as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or B-cell lymphoma unclassifiable with intermediate features between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Expert guidance in their...
Phase III Trial Finds No Survival Benefit of Adding Ipilimumab to Etoposide/Platinum in Extensive-Stage SCLC
The addition of the anti–CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4) checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab (Yervoy) to etoposide/platinum did not improve overall survival in the first-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), according to a phase...
Effect of Radiosurgery Alone vs Radiosurgery Plus WBRT on Cognitive Function in Patients With Brain Metastases
Physicians from Carolinas HealthCare System's Neurosciences Institute and Levine Cancer Institute are among the authors of a study published by Brown et al in JAMA. The study showed how among patients with one to three brain metastases, the use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone, compared...
Ceritinib Shows Overall and Intracranial Activity in Advanced NSCLC Previously Treated With Crizotinib and Chemotherapy
Crinò et al found that ceritinib (Zykadia) was active overall and in central nervous system (CNS) metastases in patients with ALK-rearranged advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) previously treated with crizotinib (Xalkori) and chemotherapy, according to the ASCEND-2 phase II...
Selected Hematology Abstracts From the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting
Here are several abstracts selected from the proceedings of the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting, focusing on clinical trials on therapeutics in different types of leukemia, multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma, and central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. For full details of these study abstracts, visit...
CNS-IPI for CNS Relapse in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Schmitz et al have developed and validated a risk score for CNS relapse—the Central Nervous System International Prognostic Index (CNS-IPI)—in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with R-CHOP (rituximab [Rituxan]...
New Standard of Care Emerges for Anaplastic Glioma Without 1p/19q Codeletion
Adjuvant temozolomide, after radiotherapy, improves overall survival in patients with grade 3 anaplastic glioma without 1p/19q codeletion, according to a phase III EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) study presented at the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting.1 “We were...
