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Showing 5251 - 5300SABCS 2014: Adding Carboplatin to Neoadjuvant Therapy Increases Pathologic Complete Response Rates Across Subtypes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Among women with triple-negative breast cancer, both basal-like and non–basal-like tumors were equally likely to demonstrate a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but they responded differently to exposure to carboplatin and bevacizumab (Avastin), in an analysis of the...
Survival Benefit of R-ACVBP vs R-CHOP in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Attributable to Effect in Patients With Non–Germinal Center B-Cell–Like Tumors
In an analysis of the French phase III LNH 03-2B trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Molina et al found that germinal center B-cell–like vs non–germinal center B-cell–like subclassification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma according to the Hans algorithm was...
ASH 2014: CD19-Directed CAR T-Cell Therapy Yields High Rate of Durable Remissions in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
As more experience is gained with the use of genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the data continue to be highly encouraging. To date, 36 of 39 pediatric ALL patients (92%) treated with...
ASH 2014: Blinatumomab Achieves Complete Molecular Responses in Majority of B-Cell Leukemia Patients
Results from the international phase II BLAST study show that one cycle of blinatumomab (Blincyto) immunotherapy achieved complete minimal residual disease response in 78% of patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete minimal residual disease response was...
ASH 2014: HIV-Related Lymphoma Can Be Safely Treated With Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related relapsed/refractory lymphoma can safely undergo autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, according to results of a phase II multicenter trial. At many centers, patients with HIV-related lymphoma are currently excluded from this potentially...
No Survival Difference but Greater Morbidity With Etoposide/Cisplatin vs Carboplatin/Paclitaxel With Concurrent Radiotherapy for Stage III NSCLC
In an analysis of Veterans Health Administration data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Santana-Davila et al found that etoposide/cisplatin resulted in no overall survival difference but greater morbidity compared with carboplatin/paclitaxel used concurrently with radiotherapy in...
Dacomitinib Shows Activity in First-Line Treatment of Patients With Clinically or Molecularly Selected Advanced NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jänne et al found that the pan-HER inhibitor dacomitinib was active in first-line treatment of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations or clinical characteristics associated with response to EGFR...
Bisphosphonates May Block the Development of HER-Driven Tumors, Preventing Breast, Lung, and Colon Cancers
Two studies have found that bisphosphonates may be effective in preventing certain cancers—including lung, breast, and colon—by blocking abnormal growth signals passed through HER family receptors. The studies suggest that bisphosphonates, the most commonly prescribed medications for...
FDG-PET Predicts Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the French phase II AVATAXHER trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Coudert et al found that 18F–fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) predicted complete response to trastuzumab (Herceptin)/docetaxel neoadjuvant therapy and that adding bevacizumab (Avastin) in...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to Investigational CAR T-Cell Therapy
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to JCAR015, an investigational chimeric antigen receptor therapy developed by Juno Therapeutics. The designation applies for the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and was filed...
Benefit of Extended Rituximab Exposure in Poor-Prognosis Elderly Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In the phase II SMARTE-R-CHOP-14 trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pfreundschuh et al found that extended rituximab (Rituxan) exposure in patients aged > 60 years with poor-prognosis diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors May Work in Brain Cancers
New evidence that immune checkpoint inhibitors may work in glioblastoma and brain metastases was presented today at the ESMO Symposium on Immuno-Oncology 2014 in Geneva (Abstract 1O). The novel research shows that brain metastases of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, providing an immunoactive...
Researchers Identify Biomarker of Response to New Ovarian Cancer Drug
Researchers have found a way to identify which ovarian cancer patients are likely to respond well to a new anticancer drug called rucaparib. Previous clinical trials have shown that women with platinum-sensitive tumors with BRCA1/2 mutations respond well to rucaparib. In new findings presented...
RTOG Pooled Analysis Shows Good Long-Term Outcomes After Bladder-Preserving Combined-Modality Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In a pooled analysis of prospective Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mak et al found good long-term outcomes with bladder-preserving combined-modality therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Study Details The analysis included 468...
Interactions Between Genetic Variants and Sun Behaviors May Influence Future Melanoma Risk
The combination of different patterns of sun exposure experienced by children and biomarkers of melanoma risk, such as the number of freckles or moles that develop as a result, may play a large role in future melanoma risk, a study investigating gene and environmental interactions has found....
Estimated Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening reduced lung cancer mortality compared with chest radiography. In a cost-effectiveness analysis in NLST reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Black et al found that low-dose CT screening was...
Outcomes With Lobectomy, Sublobar Resection, and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy in Medicare Patients With Early-Stage NSCLC
In a study on use of the most common definitive therapies for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Medicare patients reported in JAMA Surgery, Shirvani et al found that lobectomy was associated with improved outcome vs sublobar resection and that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy may be of...
Good Results With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Plus Erlotinib in Limited but Progressive Metastatic NSCLC
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Iyengar et al found that stereotactic body radiation therapy plus erlotinib (Tarceva) resulted in infrequent recurrence in radiation therapy–treated sites and was associated with prolonged progression-free survival and overall...
HPV Vaccine Uptake Among Girls Is Lowest in States With Highest Rates of Cervical Cancer
The proportion of adolescent girls receiving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines was much lower in states with higher rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) conference on The Science of Cancer Health...
Even With Equal Health-Care Access, Cancer Survival Rates Are Worse in American Indians and Alaskan Natives
The 5- and 10-year cancer survival rates were lower among American Indians and Alaskan Natives compared with non-Hispanic whites even when they had approximately equal access to health care, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) conference on The Science ...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Gefitinib Increased Response Rates in Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Adding interleukin-2 to gefitinib (Iressa) therapy resulted in threefold higher response rates in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a study by Bersanelli et al in Cancers. The addition of interleukin-2 enhanced the efficacy of gefitinib without negatively ...
Crizotinib Highly Active in ROS1-Rearranged NSCLC
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Shaw et al found that crizotinib (Xalkori) produced a high response rate in patients with ROS1-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chromosomal rearrangements in ROS1, which encodes the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine...
Postoperative Radiation Therapy Improves Overall Survival for Patients With Resected Pathologic N2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Patients who received postoperative radiation therapy lived an average of 4 months longer when compared to the patients who had the same disease site, tumor histology, and treatment criteria and who did not receive postoperative radiotherapy, according to research presented at the 2014 Chicago ...
Molecular Tumor Markers Could Reveal New Therapeutic Targets for Lung Cancer Treatment
Analysis of 607 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors and neuroendocrine tumors identified common molecular markers among both groups that could reveal new therapeutic targets for patients with similar types of lung cancer, according to research presented at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary...
No Difference in Survival Rates in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma In Situ vs Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma
Lung cancer patients with minimally invasive adenocarcinoma have similar, positive 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates as patients with adenocarcinoma in situ, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology (Abstract...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Thrombomodulin Gene Predict Mortality in Patients With Graft-vs-Host Disease
The pathophysiology of steroid refractoriness in graft-vs-host disease in allogeneic stem cell transplantation is not completely understood, although there is evidence that endothelial cell stress, which involves endothelial thrombomodulin, plays a role. In a study reported in the Journal of...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation Pembrolizumab in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation to the anti–PD-1 therapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the treatment of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation–negative, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Dacomitinib vs Erlotinib Overall or in KRAS Wild-Type Disease in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In a phase III ARCHER 1009 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ramalingam et al found no progression-free survival benefit of the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib vs erlotinib among all patients with pretreated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or among those...
No Survival Benefit With Pan-HER Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dacomitinib vs Placebo in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In the phase III NCIC CTG BR.26 Trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ellis et al found that treatment with the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib was not associated with an overall survival benefit compared with placebo in patients with pretreated advanced or...
One-Third of U.S. Cancer Survivors May Be Experiencing Financial or Work-Related Hardship
New results from a survey of nearly 1,600 cancer survivors indicate a high prevalence of financial and work-related difficulties: 27% reported at least one financial problem (eg, debt, bankruptcy), and 37% reported having to modify work plans, such as taking extended time off or delaying...
Blood Biomarker May Detect Lung Cancer
A new study shows that patients with stage I to III non–small cell lung cancer have different metabolite profiles in their blood than those of patients who are at risk but do not have lung cancer. The study abstract was released today in an online supplement to the journal CHESTand will be...
Study Finds Increased Expression of NQO1 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With KRAS Mutations
In smokers with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the relationship between KRAS mutations and NQO1 may be of future therapeutic value, according to the study findings presented by Yilmaz et al in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The researchers...
ASCO Issues Clinical Expert Statement on Cancer Survivorship Care Planning
Efforts at implementing survivorship care plans have met with limited success in oncology practice, in part due to the time required to complete survivorship care plans, lack of role clarity, and lack of reimbursement for time to complete the documents. In response, ASCO convened a Survivorship...
Oncologist Participation in Tumor Board Meetings May Be Associated With Improved Outcomes for Patients With Lung or Colorectal Cancers
A new population-based study of close to 5,000 patients and 1,600 oncologists found that physician participation in weekly tumor board meetings was associated with improved survival for patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and stage IV/extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, but not other...
Death of Patients Within 1 Month of Cancer Surgery Influenced by Social and Demographic Factors
In a new study of more than 1.1 million patients who underwent surgery for the most common or fatal cancers, nearly 1 in 20 (4.8%) patients died within 1 month of the procedure. The risk of death was highest among patients who were not married, uninsured, non-white, male, older, less educated,...
Researchers Reveal Genomic Diversity of Individual Lung Tumors
Known cancer-driving genomic aberrations in localized lung cancer appear to be so consistently present across tumors that a single biopsy of one region of the tumor is likely to identify most of them, according to a paper published by Zhang et al in Science. The study led by scientists at The...
New Findings in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Three studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology provide information on maintenance treatment with the synthetic retinoid tamibarotene in acute promyelocytic leukemia, potential implications of QT interval prolongation related to arsenic trioxide (Trisenox), and potential health-related...
HPV 16/18 Vaccine Shows Protective Efficacy in Women Aged > 25 Years in 4-Year Interim Follow-up of VIVIANE Study
In the 4-year interim follow-up of the VIVIANE study reported in The Lancet by Skinner et al, the human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was found to be protective against 6-month persistent infection or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or higher (CIN1+) associated with...
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Benefits Survival in Subsets of Patients With Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis of outcomes in patients with node-positive prostate cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abdollah et al found that adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with a survival benefit in patients with low-volume nodal disease in the setting of intermediate- to high-grade...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to AP26113 for ALK-Positive NSCLC
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to Ariad Pharmaceutical’s investigational agent AP26113 for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are resistant to crizotinib...
Sex Steroid Hormones May Play a Role in the Development of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Men with higher estradiol-to-testosterone ratios had a substantially reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer, whereas men with higher ratios of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone had an increased risk of such cancer, according to the study findings presented by Black et al in Cancer...
ESMO 2014: Lung Cancer Vaccine Fails to Improve Survival in Surgically Resected Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The MAGRIT trial showed disappointing results for a developmental vaccine called MAGE-3 in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had undergone surgical resection. This is the largest vaccine trial conducted in lung cancer, and investigators hoped that an immunotherapy approach...
ESMO 2014: Novel Oral Agent Treats Cancer-Related Cachexia in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
For the first time, studies show that a drug is effective in treating cancer-related cachexia. Oral anamorelin hydrochloride increased lean body mass, achieved weight gain, and improved quality of life in patients with cancer-related cachexia in two pivotal phase III studies presented at the ESMO...
New ALK Inhibitor Alectinib Shows Activity vs Crizotinib-Resistant NSCLC
In the phase I portion of a phase I/II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gadgeel et al found that the novel ALK inhibitor alectinib showed activity against systemic disease and brain metastases in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistant to the ALK inhibitor crizotinib...
Meta-Analysis Shows No Overall Survival Benefit of Six vs Fewer Planned Cycles of First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rossi et al found no overall survival benefit with six vs fewer than six planned cycles of first-line platinum-based treatment in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A...
Pazopanib Maintenance Improves Progression-Free Survival in Ovarian Cancer, but Benefit Limited to Non–East Asian Patients
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, du Bois et al found that maintenance therapy with the VEGFR and PDGFR inhibitor pazopanib (Votrient) significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in women with ovarian cancer without progression after first-line...
Search for Effective Regimens in Elderly Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
As the U.S. population continues to age, oncologists will be faced with a growing number of elderly patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, but there is currently no consensus on how to treat this population. Regimens used to treat younger patients have too much toxicity for most older patients, and thus...
SMaRT Oncology-3 Trial Reports Collaborative Care Program Reduces Major Depression in Patients With Lung Cancer
In the SMaRT Oncology-3 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly reduced severity of depression compared with usual care in...
ASTRO: Analysis Finds Select Group of Stage IV Lung Cancer Patient Population Achieves Long-Term Survival After Aggressive Treatment
A large, international analysis of patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicates that a patient’s overall survival rate can be related to factors including the timing of when metastases develop and lymph node involvement, and that aggressive treatment for low-risk...
ASTRO: Good Primary Tumor Control, Positive 5-Year Survival Rates for Lung Cancer Patients Who Receive Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Patients with inoperable, early-stage lung cancer who receive stereotactic body radiation therapy have a 5-year survival rate of 40%, according to long-term results presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s (ASTRO) 56th Annual Meeting (Abstract 56). Such a positive survival...
