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Showing 2501 - 2550Urinary PCA3 Adds to Predictive Models in Patients Presenting for Initial and Repeat Biopsy for Detection of Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wei et al found that use of urinary prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) measurement could improve avoidance of repeat prostate biopsy and detection of prostate cancer in biopsy-naive patients. This National Cancer Institute study involved...
Higher Levels of Physical Activity Improve Survival Among Men With Prostate Cancer
Men with localized prostate cancer who walked or cycled for 20 minutes or more a day had a 30% decreased overall mortality and a 39% decreased prostate cancer–specific mortality compared with men who spent less time engaging in those activities, a large Swedish study has found. The study...
SABCS 2014: Breast Cancer in Men and Women Has Different Biologic Characteristics and Outcomes
Results from the largest series of male breast cancer cases ever studied showed that there was significant improvement in overall survival for male breast cancer patients over the duration of the study, but the improvement was not as good as has been seen for female breast cancer patients,...
Approximately 4% of New Cancers Worldwide Attributed to High BMI
In a population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Arnold et al estimated that 3.6% of all new cancers worldwide in 2012 were attributable to high body mass index (BMI). The proportions of such cases were greater in women than in men and in highly developed vs less-developed countries....
DNA Vaccine Targeting Mammaglobin-A Produces Robust Immune Response in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a phase I study, a DNA vaccine targeting the breast cancer–associated antigen mammaglobin-A (MAM-A) was found to be safe and effective in eliciting immune responses in women with metastatic breast cancer. Preliminary evidence also suggests that the vaccine improved progression-free...
Galeterone Shows Activity in Variant Form of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Results from the ARMOR2 of the anticancer drug galeterone shows that it is successful in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with a variant form castration-resistant prostate cancer. The findings, presented at the 26th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer...
BRAF V600E Mutation Predicts Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
In a large retrospective study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xing et al found that presence of the BRAF V600E mutation was an independent predictor of recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer. The study involved 2,099 patients with papillary thyroid cancer consecutively selected over ...
Estimated Cost-Effectiveness of Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening reduced lung cancer mortality compared with chest radiography. In a cost-effectiveness analysis in NLST reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Black et al found that low-dose CT screening was...
Good Results With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Plus Erlotinib in Limited but Progressive Metastatic NSCLC
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Iyengar et al found that stereotactic body radiation therapy plus erlotinib (Tarceva) resulted in infrequent recurrence in radiation therapy–treated sites and was associated with prolonged progression-free survival and overall...
Postdiagnosis Aspirin Use Associated With Reduced Disease-Specific Mortality Only in High-Risk Subgroup of Men With Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
A recent analysis of a large clinical database indicated that postdiagnosis aspirin use was associated with a 57% reduction in prostate cancer–specific mortality among men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. In a study in a prospective cohort reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology,...
Study Reports Improvement in Continence With Solifenacin After Radical Prostatectomy
In a recent study, use of solifenacin was associated with a statistically significant improvement in continence in patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, although no statistically significant difference in the time to return to continence. The results of this study,...
Oral Cancer–Causing HPV May Be Transmitted Through Oral and Genital Contact
A study investigating the prevalence and risk factors of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among young men has found a higher prevalence of oral HPV among men who had female partners with an oral and/or genital HPV infection, suggesting that transmission may occur through oral or genital...
ASCO Endorses AUA/ASTRO Guideline on Adjuvant and Salvage Radiotherapy After Prostatectomy
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) today issued an endorsement of the American Urological Association (AUA)/American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) guideline on the use of adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy after prostatectomy, which was based on a systematic review of medical...
Patients at High-Risk for Lung Cancer Are More Likely to Receive Screening When Primary Care Provider Is Familiar With Guideline Recommendations
Patients at high-risk for developing lung cancer are more likely to receive low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening when their primary care provider is familiar with guideline recommendations for low-dose CT screening for lung cancer, according to research presented today at the 2014 Chicago...
Loss of Y Chromosome Associated With Higher Mortality and Risk of Cancer in Men
Age-related loss of the Y chromosome from blood cells, a frequent occurrence among elderly men, is associated with elevated risk of various cancers and earlier death, according to research presented at the American Society of Human Genetics 2014 Annual Meeting in San Diego (Abstract 295). This...
One-Third of U.S. Cancer Survivors May Be Experiencing Financial or Work-Related Hardship
New results from a survey of nearly 1,600 cancer survivors indicate a high prevalence of financial and work-related difficulties: 27% reported at least one financial problem (eg, debt, bankruptcy), and 37% reported having to modify work plans, such as taking extended time off or delaying...
Increase in PSA Levels 5 to 10 Years After Prostatectomy May Not Signify Subsequent Development of Metastasis in Patient's Lifetime
While early treatment of prostate cancer recurrence after a radical prostatectomy based on detectable or rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may reduce the risk of disease metastasis, even without salvage treatment, many patients will die of other causes before metastatic disease...
Hormone Loss Could Be Involved in Colon Cancer
Some cancers, like breast and prostate cancer, are driven by hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, but to date, there are none that are understood to be driven by the lack of a hormone. New evidence reported by researchers at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, suggests that human...
Study Finds Potential Link Between BRCA1/2 Mutations and Salivary Gland Cancer
The risk of developing cancer in a salivary gland might be higher in people with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer, according to a new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital...
Study Identifies Groups at Risk for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have, for the first time, clearly defined the epidemiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which occur primarily in the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Of note was the discovery that patients of Asian...
Higher Levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides May Increase the Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence
Prostate cancer survivors with higher levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides had an increased risk for disease recurrence, according to a study by Allott et al. The study findings, coupled with evidence that statin use is associated with reduced recurrence risk, suggest that lipid levels...
Fiber-Based Laxatives Linked to Decreased Risk of Colorectal Cancer
A large, prospective study involving more than 75,000 adults in western Washington has found that frequent use of fiber-based laxatives is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. The study also found that use of nonfiber laxatives is linked to significantly increased risk of...
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Benefits Survival in Subsets of Patients With Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis of outcomes in patients with node-positive prostate cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abdollah et al found that adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with a survival benefit in patients with low-volume nodal disease in the setting of intermediate- to high-grade...
AR-V7 in Circulating Tumor Cells Associated With Resistance to Enzalutamide and Abiraterone in Prostate Cancer
The androgen receptor isoform encoded by splice variant 7 is constitutively active as a transcription factor, despite lacking the ligand-binding domain that is the target of enzalutamide (Xtandi) and abiraterone (Zytiga). In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Antonarakis et al ...
Sex Steroid Hormones May Play a Role in the Development of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Men with higher estradiol-to-testosterone ratios had a substantially reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer, whereas men with higher ratios of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone had an increased risk of such cancer, according to the study findings presented by Black et al in Cancer...
ESMO 2014: Abiraterone Plus Prednisone Significantly Improves Overall Survival in Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
A final analysis of the phase III COU-AA-302 trial showed that abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) plus prednisone significantly prolonged overall survival compared to an active control of placebo plus prednisone in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study,...
PSA Bounce After Radiotherapy May Be Associated With Outcomes in Patients With Prostate Cancer
A temporary rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) scores after radiotherapy may have an association with outcomes in patients with prostate cancer, according to the study findings presented by Naghavi et al in the International Journal of Clinical Oncology. Experiencing a PSA bounce was...
Study Finds Association Between Increased Esophageal COX-2 Expression and Barrett’s Esophagus, Obesity, and Smoking
Elevated esophageal mucosa cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels appear to be associated with the presence of Barrett’s esophagus as well as high waist-to-hip ratios and current tobacco smoking, according to the results of a study reported by Nguyen et al in Digestive Diseases & Sciences. These ...
Clinical Trials Investigate Treatment Options for Precursor Diseases to Multiple Myeloma
The availability of newer agents that have transformed treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma has naturally led to interest in studying these drugs earlier in precursor states, such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma. Recent evidence suggests that this may...
Major Depression Is Undertreated in Patients With Cancer
In a Scottish study reported in The Lancet Psychiatry, Walker et al assessed the prevalence and adequacy of treatment of major depression in patients with cancer of different primary sites. The prevalence of major depression ranged from 5.6% in patients with genitourinary cancers to 13.1% in those...
Male Pattern Baldness at Age 45 May Be Associated With Aggressive Prostate Cancer
In a prospective cohort study in the population of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, Zhou et al found that frontal plus moderate vertex baldness at age 45 is associated with increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer. The findings were reported in the...
Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Mortality After Removal of Adenomas
There are few data available on long-term risk of colorectal cancer mortality after adenoma removal. In a Norwegian study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Løberg et al found that patients who had low-risk adenomas removed had lower colorectal cancer mortality risk and those...
Baseline Results of the UK Phase III ProtecT Trial of Active Monitoring, Radical Prostatectomy, or Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
The UK phase III ProtecT trial is comparing the effectiveness of active monitoring, radical prostatectomy, and radiotherapy in men with localized prostate cancer. Lane et al have provided baseline results of the trial in an article in The Lancet Oncology. Study Details In the trial, men aged 50...
FDA Approves New Indication for Enzalutamide in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new indication for the use of enzalutamide (Xtandi) capsules to treat patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The new indication is for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have not received...
ASCO and Cancer Care Ontario Release Clinical Practice Guideline for Systemic Therapy in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The ASCO Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee and the Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) program in evidence-based care have released a clinical practice guideline on systemic therapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline is reported by Basch et al in the Journal of...
Patients With Peritoneal Hepatocellular Carcinoma May Benefit From Cytoreductive Surgery With or Without Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Cytoreductive surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy extended survival over systemic therapy alone in well-selected candidates with peritoneal hepatocellular carcinoma, according to the results of a small retrospective trial reported by Tabrizian et al in the Journal of...
Melanoma With High Mitotic Rate Is Associated With Aggressive Histologic Features and Atypical Presentation
High mitotic rate in primary melanomas appears to be an independent predictor of poorer survival. In a single-institution study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Shen et al found that high mitotic rate primary melanoma is associated with male sex, older age, amelanosis, and several aggressive...
Study Finds Widespread Adoption of Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy in United States
A new study reveals that the United States has experienced widespread adoption of robot-assisted prostatectomy to treat prostate cancer in recent years. The findings, reported by Chang et al in BJU International, also showed that although such surgeries are more expensive than traditional...
No Mortality Differences With Intermediate- or Short-Term Androgen Suppression With or Without Zoledronic Acid in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a phase III Australian/New Zealand trial (TROG 03.04 RADAR) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Denham et al found no differences in prostate cancer–specific or all-cause mortality with intermediate-term androgen suppression and radiotherapy or short-term suppression plus radiotherapy with or ...
Increasing Incidence of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Queensland, Australia
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Youlden et al found that the incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma in Queensland, Australia, a known high-risk area, increased by 2.6% annually between 1993 and 2010. Five-year relative survival was 41%, with significantly better survival found in patients aged ...
Swedish Study Reports Increasing Rates of Severe Infection Requiring Hospitalization After Prostate Biopsy
Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy is the standard for detecting prostate cancer, but international reports have suggested that the risks associated with the procedure are increasing. In a new nationwide population-based study reported in The Journal of Urology, Swedish researchers found that 6%...
Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD, Past Surgeon General, ASCO President, and Valiant Foe of Big Tobacco, Dies at 87
The 1964 Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health started a culture change in the way Americans viewed tobacco and their health, and has saved countless million of lives. But the 1964 Report remained scientifically ambiguous on certain vital issues, such as the effect smoking had on the ...
Previous Pulmonary Disease May Be Linked to Increased Lung Cancer Risk in Large Study
Links between a number of common respiratory diseases and an increased risk of developing lung cancer have been found in a large pooled analysis of seven studies involving more than 25,000 individuals. The findings by Denholm et al were published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical...
NORCCAP Trial Shows Reduced Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality With Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening at 11-Year Follow-up
The Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention Trial comparing colorectal cancer screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy vs no screening showed no reduction in colorectal cancer incidence or mortality after 7 years of follow-up. As reported by Holme et al in JAMA, the 11-year follow-up shows significant...
ERSPC 13-Year Follow-up: Reduction in Prostate Cancer Mortality With PSA Screening, but High Overdiagnosis Rates Remain a Concern, Say Authors
The 13-year follow-up of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), reported by Schröder et al in The Lancet, showed that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men aged 55 to 69 years is associated with a 21% reduction in risk of prostate cancer mortality...
Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Identifies Men Most Likely to Undergo Challenging Study Procedures
Healthy men participating in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial who actively participate in all steps of the clinical trial are most likely to undergo a biopsy, according to a study by Gritz et al published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, ...
Comprehensive Molecular Profiling of Lung Adenocarcinoma
The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network has recently reported its comprehensive molecular profiling of lung adenocarcinoma in Nature. Findings included a high rate of somatic mutations including alterations in tumor-suppressor genes, chromatin-modifying genes, and RNA-splicing genes and suggested...
Enzalutamide Increases Time to First Skeletal-Related Event and Improves Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III international AFFIRM trial, enzalutamide (Xtandi) was shown to improve overall survival vs placebo in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after progression on docetaxel. In an analysis of secondary endpoints reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al found...
Study Quantifies Risk of Hereditary Breast Cancer in Carriers of PALB2 Mutations
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Antoniou et al identified lifetime risk of breast cancer in families with germline loss-of-function mutations in PALB2. Estimated cumulative risk among female mutation carriers was 14% by 50 years of age and 35% by 70 years of age....
Medicaid or No Insurance Associated With Worse Cancer-Specific Survival in Nonelderly Patients
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Walker et al found that among nonelderly patients with the top 10 most lethal cancers, those with Medicaid or no insurance were more likely to present with advanced disease and less likely to receive cancer-directed surgery or radiation...
