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Showing 20601 - 20650Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters More Likely to Cause Metastasis Than Single Cells
Circulating tumor cell clusters—clumps of from 2 to 50 tumor cells that break off a primary tumor and are carried through the bloodstream—appear to be much more likely to cause metastasis than are single circulating tumor cells, according to a study from investigators at the...
Addition of Irinotecan to Standard Chemotherapy Improves Survival in a Subset of Stage III Colon Cancer Patients
A subset of patients with stage III colon cancer had improved survival rates when treated with irinotecan-based therapy, according to a new study in Gastroenterology. When added to the standard chemotherapy treatment—fluorouracil [5-FU] and leucovorin—adjuvant irinotecan therapy...
RNA Sequencing Could Help Doctors Tailor Unique Prostate Cancer Treatment Programs
Sequencing RNA, not just DNA, could help doctors predict how prostate cancer tumors will respond to treatment, according to research published in the journal Genome Biology. Because a tumor’s RNA shows the real-time changes a treatment is causing, the authors believe that this could be a...
Study Provides Blueprint for Next Generation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatment
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah have identified and characterized mutated forms of the gene that encodes BCR-ABL, the unregulated enzyme driving chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The findings by Zabriskie et al were published in Cancer Cell. Although tyrosine ...
Study Shows Curcumin Blocks the Metastasis of Colon Cancer by a Novel Mechanism
A team of researchers led by the University of Arizona Steele Children’s Research Center discovered that curcumin—the bioactive molecule derived from the spice turmeric—blocks the protein cortactin in colon cancer. Cortactin, a protein essential for cell movement, is frequently...
Study Finds Widespread Adoption of Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy in United States
A new study reveals that the United States has experienced widespread adoption of robot-assisted prostatectomy to treat prostate cancer in recent years. The findings, reported by Chang et al in BJU International, also showed that although such surgeries are more expensive than traditional...
High Concordance Between EGFR Mutations From Circulating-Free Tumor DNA and Tumor Tissue in NSCLC
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations found in the circulating-free tumor DNA from the plasma of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients correlates well with the EGFR mutations from patient-matched tumor tissue DNA, according to new data reported by Douillard et...
Early Study Identifies Tumor-Suppressor Gene, Potential Therapy for Medulloblastoma
An international, multi-institutional research group led by scientists at the Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute (CBDI) at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center has identified a novel molecular pathway that causes an aggressive form of medulloblastoma, The study, reported by He et al ...
Study Estimates Risk of Premature Menopause After Treatment for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Previous research has suggested that women with Hodgkin lymphoma who receive certain types of chemotherapy or radiotherapy are at increased risk of future infertility, but there was insufficient information to provide patients with detailed advice. In a study published in the Journal of the...
Genomic Sequencing Reveals Unique Genetic Alterations in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma
An international scientific collaboration led by Baylor College of Medicine as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas initiative has revealed clues about genetic alterations that may contribute to a rare form of kidney cancer. The study, which describes the landscape of somatic genomic alterations of...
Swedish Study Reports Increasing Rates of Severe Infection Requiring Hospitalization After Prostate Biopsy
Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy is the standard for detecting prostate cancer, but international reports have suggested that the risks associated with the procedure are increasing. In a new nationwide population-based study reported in The Journal of Urology, Swedish researchers found that 6%...
Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD, Past Surgeon General, ASCO President, and Valiant Foe of Big Tobacco, Dies at 87
The 1964 Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health started a culture change in the way Americans viewed tobacco and their health, and has saved countless million of lives. But the 1964 Report remained scientifically ambiguous on certain vital issues, such as the effect smoking had on the ...
More Than 50% of Older, Sick Adults Receive Cancer Screenings Unlikely to Provide Benefit
Despite updates on cancer screening guidelines from several medical societies—including ASCO, the American Cancer Society, the American Urological Association, the American College of Physicians, as well as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force—which use life expectancy and/or age as...
Oncologists Respond Rapidly to Clinical Trial Evidence on Use of EGFR Inhibitors
Use of panitumumab (Vectibix) and cetuximab (Erbitux) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer decreased significantly after the publication of clinical trial evidence that anti-EGFR antibodies should be restricted to wild-type KRAS tumors, subsequent ASCO guidelines recommending testing for...
Previous Pulmonary Disease May Be Linked to Increased Lung Cancer Risk in Large Study
Links between a number of common respiratory diseases and an increased risk of developing lung cancer have been found in a large pooled analysis of seven studies involving more than 25,000 individuals. The findings by Denholm et al were published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical...
FDA Approves Bevacizumab for Aggressive and Late-Stage Cervical Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab (Avastin) for the treatment of persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. The new indication is approved for use in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin or paclitaxel and topotecan. The FDA ...
Researchers Identify Priority Targets for Immunotherapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have found that the expression pattern of a unique class of tumor-associated antigens, known as the MAGE cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), correlates with clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. Based on their findings, the researchers have...
Scientists Pinpoint Gene Likely to Promote Childhood Cancers
Researchers at the Children’s Medical Center Research Institute at UT Southwestern (CRI) have identified a gene that contributes to the development of several childhood cancers, in a study conducted in mouse models. If the findings prove to be applicable to humans, the research could...
Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial Identifies Men Most Likely to Undergo Challenging Study Procedures
Healthy men participating in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial who actively participate in all steps of the clinical trial are most likely to undergo a biopsy, according to a study by Gritz et al published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, ...
U.S. Lung Cancer Rates Vary by Subtype, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Age
A new analysis confirms that U.S. lung cancer rates are declining overall, but it also uncovers previously unrecognized trends related to cancer subtype, sex, race/ethnicity, and age. Published early online in Cancer, the findings provide a more accurate picture of the state of lung cancer in the...
FDA Approves First Noninvasive DNA Screening Test for Colorectal Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Cologuard, the first stool-based colorectal screening test that detects the presence of red blood cells and DNA mutations that may indicate the presence of certain kinds of abnormal growths that may be cancers such as colon cancer or...
FDA Approves Bortezomib Retreatment in Patients With Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved bortezomib (Velcade) for the retreatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who had previously responded to bortezomib therapy and relapsed at least 6 months following completion of prior bortezomib treatment. The labeling update includes...
FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation to Mocetinostat for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Orphan Drug Designation to Mirati Therapeutics’ mocetinostat, a spectrum-selective HDAC inhibitor, for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In June, mocetinostat was granted Orphan Drug Designation as a treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome....
Genome-Wide Association Study Finds New Genetic Risk Markers in Pancreatic Cancer
A large DNA analysis of people with and without pancreatic cancer has identified several new genetic markers that signal increased risk of developing the highly lethal disease, reported scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. The study by Wolpin et al was published in Nature Genetics. The...
Study Identifies New Gene Fusion in Aggressive Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Researchers from the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine have reported new information about the genetic alterations that may contribute to the development of a breast cancer subtype typically associated with more aggressive forms of the disease and higher recurrence...
FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to Novel JAK2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Myelofibrosis
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Fast Track designation to pacritinib for the treatment of intermediate- and high-risk myelofibrosis, including patients with disease-related thrombocytopenia on other JAK2 therapy or patients who are intolerant to or whose symptoms are suboptimally...
Largest Cancer Genetic Analysis Reveals New Way of Classifying Cancer
Researchers with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have completed the largest, most diverse tumor genetic analysis ever conducted, revealing a new approach to classifying cancers. The work, published in Cell, not only revamps traditional ideas of how cancers are diagnosed and treated, ...
College of American Pathologists Publishes Recommendations for Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the United States. Active surveillance offers low-risk prostate cancer patients a means to avoid the potentially harmful side effects from treatment. In a recent article in the Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, a...
Past Exposure to Thiopurines Associated With Increased Risk of Myeloid Disorders in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Past exposure to immunosuppressive drugs called thiopurines has been found to increase the risk of myeloid disorders, such as acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The findings were reported by Lopez et al in Clinical...
Improved Prognosis Seen in Older Women With Mammography-Detected Breast Cancer
Mammography-detected breast cancer is associated with a shift to earlier stage diagnosis in older women, subsequently reducing the rate of more advanced, difficult-to-treat cases, according to a new study by Malmgren et al published in the journal Radiology. The findings lend support to regular...
Renowned Pathologist Emmanuel Farber, MD, PhD, Dies
Cancer research lost a pioneer on August 3, 2014, with the passing of Emmanuel Farber, MD, PhD, a renowned pathologist who made fundamental contributions to our understanding of chemical carcinogenesis. Dr. Farber’s studies in experimental pathology demonstrated that chemical carcinogens are...
Significant Variation in Use of Single-Fraction Radiation Therapy for Palliation of Bone Metastases
Standardizing prescribing practices for single-fraction radiation therapy for palliation of bone metastases could lead to cost savings and improvement in patients’ quality of life, according to a study published in the August issue of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology •...
Ruxolitinib Granted Priority Review for Polycythemia Vera
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for filing and granted Priority Review to the supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for ruxolitinib (Jakafi) as a potential treatment of patients with polycythemia vera who have had an inadequate response to or are intolerant of...
Blood and Saliva Tests Help Predict Recurrence of HPV-Related Oral Cancer
Physicians at Johns Hopkins have developed blood and saliva tests that help accurately predict recurrences of HPV-linked oral cancers in a substantial number of patients. The tests screen for DNA fragments of the human papillomavirus (HPV) shed from cancer cells lingering in the mouth or other...
Investigational Compound ABT-414 Receives Orphan Drug Designation for Glioblastoma Multiforme
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted orphan drug designation to AbbVie’s investigational compound ABT-414, which is being evaluated for safety and efficacy in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. ABT-414 is an investigational anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor)...
Study Suggests Recent Use of Some Birth Control Pills May Be Associated With Increased Breast Cancer Risk
Women who recently used birth control pills containing high-dose estrogen and a few other formulations had an increased risk for breast cancer, whereas women using some other formulations did not, according to data published in Cancer Research. “Our results suggest that use of contemporary...
Growth-Driving Cancer Cells May Be Better Targets for Therapy Than Cells That Proliferate the Fastest, Study Suggests
Of the many subgroups of cells vying for control within a cancerous tumor, the most dangerous may not be those that can proliferate the fastest, researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute reported in a study published in Nature. The findings have important implications for the treatment of cancer...
Researchers Identify Genetic Mutations Linked to Salivary Gland Tumors
Research conducted at the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) has discovered links between a set of genes known to promote tumor growth and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, an oral cancer that affects the salivary glands. The discovery could help physicians develop new treatments that...
Acupuncture Provides Significant Quality-of-Life Improvements Among Breast Cancer Patients With Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Joint Pain
Use of electroacupuncture—a form of acupuncture where a small electric current is passed between pairs of acupuncture needles—produces significant improvements in fatigue, anxiety, and depression in as little as 8 weeks for early-stage breast cancer patients experiencing joint pain...
Study Helps Compare Risks of Endoscopic vs Surgical Resection for Early Esophageal Cancer
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by researchers at Northwestern Medicine shed new light on the risks associated with the growing popularity of endoscopic resection in the treatment of localized, early-stage esophageal cancer. Merkow et al found that the...
Researchers Identify Irreversible Inhibitor for KRAS Gene Mutation
Cancer researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered a molecule that selectively and irreversibly interferes with the activity of a mutated cancer gene common in 30% of tumors. The molecule, SML-8-73-1 (SML), interferes with the KRAS gene, whose proteins influence when cells...
Failure to Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle More Than Doubles Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Cancer Survivors
A St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital study found that 73% of adult survivors of childhood cancer more than doubled their risk of developing metabolic syndrome and related health problems by failing to follow a heart-healthy lifestyle. The results were published online in the journal...
FDA Expands Approved Use of Ibrutinib for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today expanded the approved use of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) to treat patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who carry deletions of the short arm of chromosome 17, which are associated with poor responses to standard treatment for CLL. Ibrutinib...
Statin Use Associated With Decreased Risk of Barrett's Esophagus
Statin use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing Barrett’s esophagus, according to a new study by Nguyen et al in Gastroenterology. Obese patients experienced the greatest level of risk reduction with statin use. While statins have been associated with a reduced risk...
New Molecular Test Increases Odds of Correct Surgery for Thyroid Cancer Patients
The routine use of a molecular testing panel developed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center greatly increases the likelihood of performing the correct initial surgery for patients with thyroid nodules and cancer, reported researchers from the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute. The ...
Antipain Agent Shrinks Oral Cancers, Sparing Healthy Tissue
Mouse models of human oral cancer treated with an agent called capsazepine showed dramatic tumor shrinkage without damage to surrounding tissues, researchers from the School of Dentistry and School of Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio found. The findings by...
FDA Approves Idelalisib for Three Types of Blood Cancers
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved idelalisib (Zydelig) for the treatment of patients with three types of blood cancers. Idelalisib is being granted traditional approval to treat patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Used in combination with rituximab...
Metabolic Enzyme Stops Growth of Most Common Type of Kidney Cancer
In an analysis of metabolites in human kidney tissue, a research team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania identified an enzyme key to applying the brakes on tumor growth. The new study, published in Nature by Simon et al, demonstrated that an enzyme called FBP1,...
FDA Grants Bevacizumab Priority Review for Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted Genentech’s supplemental Biologics License Application and granted Priority Review for bevacizumab (Avastin) plus chemotherapy for the treatment of women with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. “The majority of women...
Negative HPV Screening Test Result Is a Better Predictor of Cervical Cancer Risk Than a Negative Pap Test Result
A study by investigators at the National Cancer Institute of more than 1 million women has found that a negative test for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a more reliable predictor of the risk of developing cervical cancer than a negative Pap test. The findings suggest that primary HPV...
