Advertisement


Abdul Rahman Al Armashi, MD, on AML: Racial Disparities in Mortality Trends

2022 ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition

Advertisement

Abdul Rahman Al Armashi, MD, of Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western University, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, discusses a retrospective analysis, using a CDC database, in one of the largest subgroup-based racial population studies analyzing mortality trends in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Between 2000 and 2019, AML mortality was the highest in Whites and the lowest in American Indians or Alaska Natives. The highest rate of increase in mortality was seen in Asians or Pacific Islanders. Dr. Al Armashi talks about the many variables that might contribute to these inequalities (Abstract 600).



Transcript

Disclaimer: This video transcript has not been proofread or edited and may contain errors.
AML is one of the most prevalent forms of acute leukemia. Despite treatment advances, the High V relative survivor rate still has an eerie percent. In the recent data published by the National Cancer Institute, the death threat didn't show any improvement from 1992 to 2020. We conducted a retrospective analysis evaluating the race-specific mortality trends in an old patient with AML in the United States, giving the vacuity of studies evaluating those disparities. We used the CDC Wonder database which contained national mortality and population data. Also, it includes the cause of death from all death certificates filed in the United States. Our population included all patients who died from AML. We also included all races and ethnic groups in the United States from 2000 to 2019. Age-adjusted mortality was calculated per 1 million per person stratified by race and standardized to the US census of 2000. In our study, we found that the age-adjusted mortality was increased equally in both white and black groups. Also, we found that the mortality trends increased dramatically in the Asian Pacific Islander Group by 25%. It decreased in the Native Americans by 29%. Also, we found that the mortality trends increased by 5% in Hispanics and 3% in non-Hispanic. To our knowledge, this is the largest real-world data study evaluating race and ethnicity specific mortality trends of AML. Multiple variables might contribute to those disparities, including genetics, risk factors, socioeconomic status, equal access to healthcare, and also a response to treatment. Further studies are needed to evaluate those factors and to develop a method to close this gap.

Related Videos

Leukemia
Immunotherapy

Eunice S. Wang, MD, on AML: Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Plus Standard Induction Chemotherapy Improves Outcomes

Eunice S. Wang, MD, of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, discusses the outcomes of patients newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were treated with cytarabine plus daunorubicin plus gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO). These patients experienced higher rates of measurable residual disease–negative complete remission and complete remission with incomplete count recovery, compared to those treated with cytarabine plus idarubicin daunorubicin alone. Although adding GO was not associated with improved overall survival, longer follow-up is warranted to determine an absolute survival advantage of this regimen (Abstract 58).

Lymphoma

Alex F. Herrera, MD, on Previously Untreated DLBCL: Circulation Tumor DNA and Risk Profiling

Alex F. Herrera, MD, of the City of Hope National Medical Center, discusses results from the POLARIX study, which showed that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has prognostic value for patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Patients who did not achieve 2.5 or greater log-fold change and/or did not have ctDNA clearance following one cycle of polatuzumab vedotin along with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone had inferior outcomes than those who did. Early changes in ctDNA levels may be of use in risk-adapted trial designs to identify patients in need of alternative treatment. (Abstract 542).

Multiple Myeloma
Genomics/Genetics
Immunotherapy

Francesco Maura, MD, on Genomic Determinants of Resistance in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Treated With Targeted Immunotherapy

Francesco Maura, MD, of the University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, discusses his team’s findings in which they defined a comprehensive catalogue of genomic determinants of response to DKRd (carfilzomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. The researchers have identified a number of new genomic alterations that explain resistance to the agents currently used in combination regimens (Abstract 470).

 

Hematologic Malignancies
Genomics/Genetics

Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH: Some Clonal Mutations May Predict Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms

Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH, of the Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, discusses study findings that showed key somatic mutations in the peripheral blood stem cell product increases the risk of developing therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (Abstract 119).

Lymphoma

Eva Hoster, PhD, on Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Predictive Value of Minimal Residual Disease on Efficacy of Rituximab Maintenance

Eva Hoster, PhD, of Munich University, discusses results from the European MCL Elderly Trial, which confirmed the strong efficacy of rituximab maintenance in minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) after induction. Omitting maintenance based on MRD-negativity is thus discouraged. Considering the short time to progression, more effective treatment strategies should be explored in MRD-positive patients to improve long-term prognosis (Abstract 544).

Advertisement

Advertisement




Advertisement