Shilpa Gupta, MD, on Urothelial Cancer: Defining Who Is 'Platinum-Ineligible'
2022 ASCO Annual Meeting
Shilpa Gupta, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, discusses an updated consensus definition for standard therapy and clinical trial eligibility for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who are platinum-ineligible, criteria that are proposed to guide treatment recommendations for this population. This may be especially important now that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has restricted the use of first-line pembrolizumab to those who are considered platinum-ineligible (Abstract 4577).
Transcript
Disclaimer: This video transcript has not been proofread or edited and may contain errors.
Frontline therapy for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who are Cisplatin ineligible has continued to evolve. And the current standard of care is Gemcitabine and Carboplatin chemotherapy followed by durvalumab maintenance. In 2017, Atezolizumab and Pembrolizumab were approved as single agents for this patient population. But then the label was restricted to patients who are Cisplatin ineligible with high PD-L1 expressing tumors, or those who are not eligible for any platinum. And now Pembrolizumab use is only restricted to patients who are platinum-ineligible. Back in 2019, we presented results from our survey for defining platinum-ineligibility by sending a survey out to around 60 US-based medical oncologists. And we presented a consensus definition at GU ASCO that year. And now with the changing landscape, we updated the survey and used the similar cohort of responders to provide a consensus definition update. So we ask questions like: what equal performance status would physicians use to deem someone platinum-ineligible? What creatinine clearance cutoff would they use? What peripheral neuropathy cutoff, heart failure, cutoff? And in any person with ECOG performance status two, what would be the creatinine clearance cutoff? And based on the majority of responses, we found that most physicians found that creatinine clearance less than 30 milliliters per minute, peripheral neuropathy greater than are equal to grade two, significant heart failure that is NYHA class three or higher, equal performance status greater than our equal to three, and in a patient with equal performance status two, creatinine clearance of less than 30 milliliters per minute. Those were the factors that would make them hesitant to use Carboplatin. So we proposed that if any one of these criteria are met, that patient can be deemed as platinum-ineligible and be a candidate for single agent immunotherapy. Otherwise, we offered Gemcitabine and Carboplatin followed by durvalumab maintenance. Notably age was not a cutoff for these patients based on our survey.
The ASCO Post Staff
Stephen M. Ansell, PhD, MD, of Mayo Clinic, discusses updated data from the ECHELON-1 trial, which showed that, when administered to patients with stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma, the combination of brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A+AVD) vs doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine resulted in a 41% reduction in the risk of death. These outcomes, says Dr. Ansell, confirm A+AVD as a preferred option for previously untreated disease (Abstract 7503).
The ASCO Post Staff
Sriram Yennu, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses the placebo response in patients with advanced cancer and cancer-related fatigue. His latest findings show that open-labeled placebo was efficacious in reducing cancer-related fatigue and improving quality of life in fatigued patients with advanced cancer at the end of 1 week. The improvement in fatigue was maintained for 4 weeks (Abstract 12006).
The ASCO Post Staff
Akihiro Ohba, MD, of Japan’s National Cancer Center Hospital, discusses phase II data from the HERB trial on fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki, which showed activity in patients with HER2-expressing unresectable or recurrent biliary tract cancer (Abstract 4006).
The ASCO Post Staff
Pamela L. Kunz, MD, of the Yale University School of Medicine, discusses new findings from the ECOG-ACRIN E2211 trial, which showed the longest progression-free survival and highest response rates with temozolomide plus capecitabine reported to date for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The presence of a deficiency of MGMT, the drug-resistance gene, was associated with greater odds of an objective response (Abstract 4004).
The ASCO Post Staff
Neal D. Shore, MD, of the Carolina Urologic Research Center, discusses his study findings, showing that germline genetic testing influenced care for patients with prostate cancer. Men whose genetic test was positive for a pathogenic germline variant received more recommendations for changes to follow-up and treatment, and for testing and counseling of relatives, than did patients with negative or uncertain test results (Abstract 10500).