Shilpa Gupta, MD, on Urothelial Cancer: Defining Who Is 'Platinum-Ineligible'
2022 ASCO Annual Meeting
Shilpa Gupta, MD, of the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, discusses an updated consensus definition for standard therapy and clinical trial eligibility for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who are platinum-ineligible, criteria that are proposed to guide treatment recommendations for this population. This may be especially important now that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has restricted the use of first-line pembrolizumab to those who are considered platinum-ineligible (Abstract 4577).
Transcript
Disclaimer: This video transcript has not been proofread or edited and may contain errors.
Frontline therapy for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who are Cisplatin ineligible has continued to evolve. And the current standard of care is Gemcitabine and Carboplatin chemotherapy followed by durvalumab maintenance. In 2017, Atezolizumab and Pembrolizumab were approved as single agents for this patient population. But then the label was restricted to patients who are Cisplatin ineligible with high PD-L1 expressing tumors, or those who are not eligible for any platinum. And now Pembrolizumab use is only restricted to patients who are platinum-ineligible. Back in 2019, we presented results from our survey for defining platinum-ineligibility by sending a survey out to around 60 US-based medical oncologists. And we presented a consensus definition at GU ASCO that year. And now with the changing landscape, we updated the survey and used the similar cohort of responders to provide a consensus definition update. So we ask questions like: what equal performance status would physicians use to deem someone platinum-ineligible? What creatinine clearance cutoff would they use? What peripheral neuropathy cutoff, heart failure, cutoff? And in any person with ECOG performance status two, what would be the creatinine clearance cutoff? And based on the majority of responses, we found that most physicians found that creatinine clearance less than 30 milliliters per minute, peripheral neuropathy greater than are equal to grade two, significant heart failure that is NYHA class three or higher, equal performance status greater than our equal to three, and in a patient with equal performance status two, creatinine clearance of less than 30 milliliters per minute. Those were the factors that would make them hesitant to use Carboplatin. So we proposed that if any one of these criteria are met, that patient can be deemed as platinum-ineligible and be a candidate for single agent immunotherapy. Otherwise, we offered Gemcitabine and Carboplatin followed by durvalumab maintenance. Notably age was not a cutoff for these patients based on our survey.
The ASCO Post Staff
Apar Kishor Ganti, MD, of the University of Nebraska Medical Center, discusses results from the CALGB 30610 study, which showed a similar clinical benefit for once- and twice-daily radiotherapy administered to patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. While both regimens were well tolerated, patients who received radiotherapy once daily had better quality-of-life scores at week 3 and slightly worse scores at week 12. Patients believed the once-daily regimen was more convenient (Abstract 8504).
The ASCO Post Staff
Timothy J. Whelan, MD, of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, discusses findings from the LUMINA study, which found that women aged 55 or older who had grade 1–2 T1N0 luminal A breast cancer following breast-conserving surgery and were treated with endocrine therapy alone had very low rates of local tumor recurrence at 5 years. These patients, the research suggests, may be able to forgo radiotherapy (Abstract LBA501).
The ASCO Post Staff
Benoit You, MD, PhD, of Lyon University hospital (HCL, France) and GINECO group (France), discusses findings from the GOG-0218 trial of patients with ovarian cancer, which appears to confirm earlier data on the link between poor tumor chemosensitivity and benefit from concurrent plus maintenance bevacizumab. In Dr. You’s validation study, patients who derived the most progression-free and overall survival benefit from bevacizumab were those with high-risk disease (stage IV or incompletely resected stage III) associated with an unfavorable KELIM score (CA-125 kinetic elimination rate constant, calculable online) (Abstract 5553).
The ASCO Post Staff
Ann H. Partridge, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Kevin Kalinsky, MD, of Winship Cancer Institute at Emory University, discuss phase II findings from the MAINTAIN trial, which showed a benefit in progression-free survival for patients with hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer when they switched to endocrine therapy and received ribociclib after disease progression on another CDK4/6 inhibitor (Abstract LBA1004).
The ASCO Post Staff
Georgina V. Long, MD, PhD, of the Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, discusses phase III findings from the KEYNOTE-716 study. The trial showed that compared with placebo, adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly improved distant metastasis–free survival in patients with resected stage IIB and IIC melanoma. The findings also suggest a continued reduction in the risk of recurrence and a favorable benefit-risk profile (Abstract LBA9500).