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Showing 2051 - 2100High Prevalence of Platinum-Related Hearing Loss in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma, With Differences According to Audiometry Scales
The reported prevalence of platinum-associated ototoxicity in children with high-risk neuroblastoma varies widely due to small patient samples and use of disparate grading scales. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al in the Children’s Oncology Group assessed...
Study Questions the Anticancer Mechanism of Metformin
The drug metformin, which is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been tested in clinical trials as a tumor suppressor in different cancers due to its role in activating the AMPK signaling pathway. However, a new study by Liu et al published in Proceedings of the National Academy of...
Half of Patients With Stage I Pediatric Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors Can Be Spared Chemotherapy After Initial Surgery With Surveillance Strategy
In a Children’s Oncology Group study (AGCT0132) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Billmire et al found that overall survival can be preserved in patients with stage I pediatric malignant ovarian germ cell tumor with a strategy of initial surveillance after surgical resection....
Survey Finds Many General Internists Are Uncomfortable Caring for Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
A National Cancer Institute–funded survey of general internists asking about their attitudes and knowledge about the care of adult childhood cancer survivors has found that few internists are comfortable caring for these patients. Moreover, many are unfamiliar with the Children’s...
Sustained Complete Responses With Novel Immunotherapy in Lymphoma
Approximately 40% of patients with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma have tumor cells that express the type II latency Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2. T cells specific for these antigens are present in low levels and may be rendered nonreactive by the...
Julie M. Vose, MD, MBA, FASCO, Elected ASCO President for 2015-2016 Term
Julie M. Vose, MD, MBA, FASCO, has been elected President of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) for a 1-year term beginning in June 2015. She will take office as President-Elect during the ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago in June 2014. Additionally, four new members were elected to the...
EUROCARE-5: Trends in Survival for Childhood Cancers
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Gatta et al, the population-based EUROCARE-5 study has shown improved survival for all childhood cancers combined in Europe between 1999–2001 and 2005–2007 and persistence of regional survival disparities. Study Details The study involved analysis ...
U.S. Cancer Death Rates Continue Decline, Annual Report Shows
Maintaining a 2 decade–long trend, the cancer death rate in the United States continues to decline, according to the Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, published online this week in Cancer. The report, which covers the years 2001 to 2010, shows drops in death rates for a...
Younger Women With Younger Children Less Likely to Receive Radiation Therapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Pan et al assessed factors associated with noncompliance with recommended radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer. A primary factor in underuse of radiation therapy was younger patients having...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Relapse, Improves Event-Free Survival in Pediatric AML
The monoclonal antibody gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) improved event-free survival and reduced the risk of relapse in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a study from the Children’s Oncology Group, presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
Graft Manipulation Improves HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Outcomes
T-cell–depleted HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be made more efficacious and safer through the removal of alpha/beta-positive T cells and CD19-positive B cells from the graft, an approach pioneered by Italian investigators who reported results at the 55th...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Minimal Residual Disease in Children With High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) with conventional chemotherapy may improve the outcome of bone marrow transplantation for some children battling high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study led by St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The results appear in the...
No Overall Increased Risk of Cancer in Children Born After Assisted Conception in UK
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Carrie L. Williams, MB, BCh, of University College London, and colleagues analyzed risk for cancers among UK children born after assisted conception. They found no increased risk of cancer overall or for individual cancer types except...
Number and Distribution of Childhood Nevi Predict Melanoma in Subjects From Families With Familial Melanoma
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Astrid Vredenborg, MD, of Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands, and colleagues evaluated whether acquired melanocytic nevi in childhood are an indicator of melanoma risk in children from families with familial melanoma. They found that number...
Persistent Significant Neurocognitive Impairment in Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kevin R. Krill, PhD, and colleagues from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital assessed neurocognitive function in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). They found pervasive significant impairment across...
Intervention Program Improves Sun Protection Practices Among Children of Melanoma Survivors
Children of melanoma survivors were more likely to wear hats and reapply sunscreen after receiving a multimedia informational program designed specifically for them. These new findings were included in research published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A team of researchers...
Lactation May Be Linked to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mexican Women
Scientific data suggest that a woman reduces her risk of breast cancer by breastfeeding, having multiple children, and giving birth at a younger age. However, a study led by the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, indicates that women of Mexican descent may not fit that profile. ...
Genetic Anti-Inflammatory Defect May Predispose Children to Lymphoma
New research shows that children with an inherited genetic defect in a critical anti-inflammatory pathway have a genetic predisposition to lymphoma. Results of the study, published online today in Blood, reveal an important association between the genetic defect, which causes chronic intestinal...
Repurposed Antidepressants May Have Potential to Treat Small Cell Lung Cancer
A bioinformatics approach to repurposing drugs resulted in identification of a class of antidepressants as a potential new treatment for small cell lung cancer, according to a study published in Cancer Discovery. Based on data generated using bioinformatics, two drugs approved by the U.S. Food and ...
Sunscreen Use Infrequently Discussed With Patients, Even Those With History of Skin Cancer
Although the incidence of skin cancer is increasing, “the rate at which physicians are mentioning sunscreen at patient visits is quite low, even for patients with a history of skin cancer,” according to an analysis of data from more than 18.30 billion patient visits....
ASTRO: Proton Therapy Yields Encouraging Outcomes for Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients
When used to treat pediatric patients with intracranial malignant tumors, proton therapy may limit the toxicity of radiation therapy while preserving tumor control, according to research presented on Sunday, September 22, at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s 55th Annual Meeting...
Childhood Cancer Survivors Who Received Nephrotoxic Therapy May Be at Greater Risk for Late Renal Problems
A large study assessing glomerular function in adult survivors of childhood cancers who were treated with certain chemotherapy drugs or kidney surgery found that they had worse kidney function, which did not recover over time, compared with adult survivors who were not given nephrotoxic therapy....
ASCO Issues Statement on National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month
Today, as many as 23 million children and teens are obese or overweight, and it is estimated that more than one-third of U.S. adults (more than 72 million people) are obese, according to a statement released by ASCO to help raise awareness of National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month....
Modifiable Risk Factors Potentiate Therapy-Associated Risk for Major Cardiac Events in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gregory T. Armstrong, MD, of St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, and colleagues assessed the frequency of major cardiac events and cardiovascular risk factors among adult survivors of childhood cancer and their siblings. They...
Researchers Uncover Genetic Cause of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
For the first time, a genetic link specific to risk of childhood leukemia has been identified, according to a team of researchers from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, University of Washington, and other institutions. The discovery was reported...
Most Women Have an Inaccurate Perception of Their Breast Cancer Risk, Study Reveals
A large-scale survey of women undergoing mammography screening on Long Island, New York, indicates that the majority (90.6%) either underestimate or overestimate their lifetime risk for developing breast cancer. Furthermore, 4 in 10 women surveyed reported they had never discussed their...
St. Jude's Study Yields New Strategy Against High-Risk Leukemia
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital investigators have identified a protein that certain high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells need to survive and have used that knowledge to fashion a more effective method of killing tumor cells. The findings appear in the August 29 edition of ...
Danish Study Evaluates Risk of Mental Disorders in Siblings of Childhood Cancer Survivors
Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for long-term adverse physical and mental effects, but little is known about the effects of illness in siblings of these patients. In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Lasse Wegener Lund, MD, of the Danish Cancer Society Research Centre in...
Cord Blood Transplantation Benefits Some Children With Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
A retrospective analysis of 110 patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia found that single-unit, unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation resulted in a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 44%. “Our data document that a significant proportion of children with this disease,...
Task Force Recommends Interventions to Prevent Tobacco Use in Children
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) today released its final recommendation statement on primary care interventions to prevent tobacco use in children and adolescents. The Task Force recommends that primary care clinicians provide interventions, including education or brief...
Study Determines Optimal Chemotherapy Regimen for Younger Patients With AML
In a study (Medical Research Council AML 15 Trial) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alan K. Burnett, MD, of Cardiff University School of Medicine and colleagues compared induction with daunorubicin/cytarabine, daunorubicin/cytarabine plus etoposide, and fludarabine/cytarabine/granulocyte...
Risk-Directed Treatment Intensification Significantly Improves Outcomes in Children With ALL and Intrachromosomal Amplification of Chromosome 21
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Anthony V. Moorman, PhD, of Newcastle University, and colleagues compared outcomes in children and adolescents with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) in a trial in...
Intrachromosomal Amplification of Chromosome 21 Associated With Poor Outcome in Children With ALL
Intrachromosomal amplification of a region of chromosome 21 (iAMP21; three or more extra copies of RUNX1 on an abnormal chromosome 21) is a recently identified recurrent genomic abnormality associated with poorer outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In a study reported in Journal of...
Breastfeeding for More Than 6 Months May Protect Against Breast Cancer in Nonsmoking Women
A new analysis has found that breastfeeding for more than 6 months may safeguard nonsmoking mothers against breast cancer. However, the same does not seem to hold true for mothers who smoke. Published early online in the Journal of Clinical Nursing, the findings add to the list of benefits of...
Family Members of Children With Cancer Are Also at Risk for the Disease
Parents and siblings of children with cancer have between a two- and four-times increased risk of developing cancer than first-degree relatives with no childhood cancer patients, according to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer. The study, led by Joshua Schiffman, MD, Medical...
FDA Approves Dolutegravir to Treat HIV-1 Infection
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved dolutegravir (Tivicay), a new drug to treat HIV-1 infection. Dolutegravir is an oral integrase strand transfer inhibitor that interferes with one of the enzymes necessary for HIV to multiply. The drug is taken in combination with other...
Certain Major Birth Defects Associated With Moderately Increased Cancer Risk in Children
A multistate study led by researchers at the University of Utah has revealed that the risk for childhood cancer is moderately increased among children and young adolescents with certain types of major birth defects. Children born with nonchromosomal birth defects have a two-fold higher risk of...
Loss of MicroRNA Decoy Might Contribute to Development of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
Researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) have discovered a novel mechanism responsible for the loss of a critical tumor-suppressor gene in rhabdomyosarcoma and other...
Mechanism Offers Promising New Approach for Harnessing the Immune System to Fight Cancer
Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital have discovered a way to target the immune system to shrink or eliminate tumors in mice without causing autoimmune problems. Researchers also found evidence that the same mechanism may operate in humans. The study was published online today...
No Difference in Outcome With Purged vs Nonpurged Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in High-Risk Neuroblastoma
The contribution of purging of peripheral blood stem cells to outcome of autologous stem cell transplantation in high-risk neuroblastoma has not been defined. In a trial (COG A3973) reported in Lancet Oncology by Susan G. Kreissman, MD, of Duke University Medical Center, and colleagues, children...
No Difference in Event-free Survival with Chemotherapy before vs after Radiation Therapy in Children with High-risk Medulloblastoma
A number of different strategies for combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been evaluated in the effort to improve survival in patients with high-risk medulloblastoma. In a trial (POG 9031) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Nancy J. Tarbell, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital ...
Difference in Breast Cancer Survival Between Black and White Women Has Not Changed Substantially
In an analysis of 5-year survival rates among black and white women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1991 and 2005, black women continued to have a lower rate of survival, with most of the difference related to factors including poorer health of black patients at diagnosis and more advanced...
Study Finds Boys More Likely to Receive HPV Vaccine When Their Mothers Receive Preventive Care
Boys are more likely to receive the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine if their mothers receive flu shots or Pap screenings, according to a study from Kaiser Permanente published in the American Journal of Public Health. Study Details The study examined the electronic health records of...
Protein Targeted for Cancer Drug Development Is Essential for Normal Heart Function
Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital have discovered that a protein used by cancer cells to evade death also plays a vital role in heart health. This dual role complicates efforts to develop cancer drugs that target the protein, but may lead to new therapies for heart muscle...
Targeting Errant Immune System Enzyme Kills Myelodysplastic Cells
Scientists have successfully targeted a malfunctioning immune system enzyme to kill diseased cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a precursor to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Reporting their results in Cancer Cell, researchers say their successful laboratory tests in human MDS...
Reducing Unnecessary and High-dose Pediatric CT Scans Could Cut Future Cancers by More than Half
A study examining trends in x-ray computed tomography (CT) use in children in the United States has found that reducing unnecessary scans and lowering the doses for the highest-dose scans could lower the overall lifetime risk of future imaging-related cancers by 62%. The research was published...
Intensified Liposomal Daunorubicin May Offer High Survival Rates without Added Cardiotoxicity for Children with Leukemia
Treating pediatric leukemia patients with a liposomal formulation of anthracycline-based chemotherapy at an intensified dose during initial treatment may result in high survival rates without causing any added heart toxicity, according to the results of a study published online in Blood, the...
Beta-blockers May Boost Chemotherapy Response in Neuroblastoma
Beta-blockers, normally used for high blood pressure, could enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapies in treating neuroblastoma, according to a new study published today in the British Journal of Cancer. Early Results Promising Researchers from the Children’s Cancer Institute Australia...
Emil ‘Tom’ Frei III, MD, Trailblazer in the Development of Combination Chemotherapy, Dies at 89
The pages of medical history are dog-eared with breakthroughs that have transformed medicine and saved lives. One of those dog-eared pages belongs to Emil Frei III, MD, known to his colleagues and friends as Tom. In the dawn of oncology, Dr. Frei, along with his associate, Emil Freireich, MD, did...
Delays in Diagnosis Worsen Outlook for Minority, Uninsured Pediatric Retinoblastoma Patients, Study Finds
When retinoblastoma is diagnosed in racial and ethnic minority children whose families don't have private health insurance, it often takes a more invasive, potentially life-threatening course than in other children, probably because of delays in diagnosis, researchers at Dana-Farber/Children's...
