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Showing 18351 - 18400Poor Oral Health Is an Independent Risk Factor for Cancer-Causing Oral HPV Infection
Poor oral health, including gum disease and dental problems, is a newly recognized independent risk factor for oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which causes between 40% and 80% of oropharyngeal cancers, according to a study published in Cancer Prevention Research. Researchers from the...
Similar 10-Year Survival in Patients With Early-Onset BRCA1-Negative and BRCA1-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tomasz Huzarski, MD, PhD, of Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland, and colleagues from the Polish Hereditary Breast Cancer Consortium assessed survival among women with early-onset breast cancer with and without BRCA1 mutation and...
Multicenter Trial Finds BI-RADS 3 Breast Lesions Have Low Cancer Rate
Based on data from a multisite imaging trial involving more than 2,600 women, researchers say breast lesions categorized as “probably benign” on supplemental screening ultrasound could be reevaluated with imaging in 12 months, reducing patient anxiety, follow-up exams, and unnecessary...
New MRI Technique Reveals Brain Tumor Response to Antiangiogenesis Therapy
A new way of analyzing data acquired in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appears to be able to identify whether or not tumors are responding to antiangiogenesis therapy, which may help physicians determine the most appropriate treatments for patients. In a report published online in Nature...
Intrachromosomal Amplification of Chromosome 21 Associated With Poor Outcome in Children With ALL
Intrachromosomal amplification of a region of chromosome 21 (iAMP21; three or more extra copies of RUNX1 on an abnormal chromosome 21) is a recently identified recurrent genomic abnormality associated with poorer outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In a study reported in Journal of...
Neoadjuvant Carboplatin Before Radiotherapy May Reduce Risk of Relapse and Long-Term Side Effects in Men With Testicular Cancer
A new study published in the Annals of Oncology reports that giving men with testicular cancer a single dose of chemotherapy before radiotherapy could improve the effectiveness of treatment and reduce the risk of long-term side effects. As many as 96% of men with testicular cancer are predicted to ...
Finasteride Reduces Risk of Low-Grade Prostate Cancer With No Impact on Long-Term Survival
In the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), initially reported in 2003, finasteride significantly reduced the risk of prostate cancer by 24.8% but was associated with a relative 26.9% increase in risk of high-grade disease compared with placebo. In a study reported in The New England Journal of ...
Best of ASCO 2013: Promises and Challenges of Applying Molecular Profiling to Clinical Practice
A “new kind of pathology,” in which anatomy and histology are supplemented by molecular etiology, has been emerging over the past decade and promises better response rates among cancer patients as genomic alterations in cancer continue to be identified and treated with targeted...
Study Finds 1 in 5 Women Don’t Believe Their Breast Cancer Risk
Despite taking a tailored risk assessment tool that factors in family history and personal habits, nearly 20% of women did not believe their breast cancer risk, according to a new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center. The findings, published in Patient Education and...
Breastfeeding for More Than 6 Months May Protect Against Breast Cancer in Nonsmoking Women
A new analysis has found that breastfeeding for more than 6 months may safeguard nonsmoking mothers against breast cancer. However, the same does not seem to hold true for mothers who smoke. Published early online in the Journal of Clinical Nursing, the findings add to the list of benefits of...
‘Reprogrammed’ Treatment-Resistant Lymphomas Respond to Azacitidine
A phase I clinical trial showed diffuse large B-cell lymphomas resistant to chemotherapy can be reprogrammed to respond to treatment after being pretreated with drug azacitidine (Vidaza), according to a study published in Cancer Discovery. Patients whose lymphomas recur after initial chemotherapy...
Addition of Sunitinib to Capecitabine Does Not Improve Outcome in Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer
A trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by John P. Crown, MD, of the Irish Cooperative Oncology Research Group, and colleagues assessed the addition of the antiangiogenesis agent sunitinib (Sutent) to capecitabine (Xeloda) in patients with previously treated metastatic breast cancer who...
Age-Related Variations Observed in Treatment of Melanoma
Age-related variations in the treatment of melanoma were observed in a study of melanoma and its management in the elderly compared to younger patients, according to a study by Dragos Ciocan, MD, of the Unité d’Aide Méthodologique, Hôpital Robert Debré, France, and...
Study Suggests Low-Grade Prostate Cancers May Not Progress Over Time
Data analyzed from a large cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer found that prostate cancer aggressiveness may be established when the tumor is formed and not change over time. The researchers of the study, Kathryn L. Penney, ScD, Instructor in the Department of Medicine at Harvard...
Study Suggests Neural Stem Cells May Regenerate After Radiation Therapy
Scientists have long believed that healthy brain cells, once damaged by radiation designed to kill brain tumors, cannot regenerate. But new research in mice suggests that neural stem cells, the body's source of new brain cells, are resistant to radiation, and can be roused from a hibernation-like...
Best of ASCO 2013: Off-Label Prescribing of Chemotherapy Drugs Is Common but Most Meets NCCN Compendium Criteria
Off-label prescribing of drugs remains common in oncology, but about two-thirds of off-label prescribing is consistent with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Drugs & Biologics Compendium, according to a study reviewed at Best of ASCO Chicago by Monika K. Krzyzanowska, MD, MPH, of ...
Meta-Analysis Indicates Addition of Taxane to Cisplatin/5-FU Induction Improves Outcome in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancers
Cisplatin plus fluorouracil (5-FU) induction chemotherapy has been compared with taxane (docetaxel or paclitaxel), cisplatin, and 5-FU in randomized trials in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancers. An updated individual patient data meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology ...
Family Members of Children With Cancer Are Also at Risk for the Disease
Parents and siblings of children with cancer have between a two- and four-times increased risk of developing cancer than first-degree relatives with no childhood cancer patients, according to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer. The study, led by Joshua Schiffman, MD, Medical...
Circulating Estrogens and Androgens Are Associated With Breast Cancer Risk in Premenopausal Women
In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Timothy Key, PhD, of Oxford University, and colleagues in the Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group analyzed data from seven prospective studies to determine associations between sex hormones and risk of breast cancer in premenopausal...
Study Identifies Interleukin-11 as a Potential New Anticancer Target
According to a study published online today in Cancer Cell, the molecule interleukin-11 may be a potential new target for anticancer therapies. Until now, interleukin-11’s role in cancer development has been underestimated, but researchers have recently identified this molecule as a "dark...
Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Safe and Effective for Treating Inoperable Spinal Tumors
A new analysis has found that a type of radiation therapy called carbon ion radiotherapy can control cancer growth and prolong survival in patients with spinal tumors. The study, published online in Cancer, indicates that the treatment is a promising alternative for patients whose spinal tumors...
Cohort Analysis Shows Adjuvant Tamoxifen Reduces Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kelly-Anne Phillips, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and University of Melbourne, and colleagues analyzed the association of adjuvant tamoxifen use and risk of contralateral breast cancer among women carrying BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in the ...
Burkitt Lymphoma Survival Outcomes Improve for Younger Patients
According to a new study published in the journal Cancer, the survival outcome of patients with Burkitt lymphoma has improved substantially over the past decade, with notable exceptions. To help doctors and researchers better understand who responds well to treatment and who does not, the study...
Researchers Identify Gene Variations in Lung Cancer Patients That May Help Predict an Individual’s Treatment Response
Researchers at the Moffitt Cancer Center have identified four inherited genetic variants in patients with non–small cell lung cancer that can help predict survival and treatment response. Their findings, published in Carcinogenesis, could help lead to more personalized treatment options and...
Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Mutation Signature in Aristolochic Acid–Associated Upper Urinary Tract Cancer
Genomic sequencing experts at Johns Hopkins partnered with pharmacologists at Stony Brook University to reveal a striking mutational signature of upper urinary tract cancers caused by aristolochic acid, a plant compound contained in herbal remedies used for thousands of years to treat a variety of...
No Benefit/Detriment of New Donor in Second Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Leukemia Relapse
Minimal data are available on outcomes of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors after first hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic relapse of acute leukemia. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maximilian...
Study Suggests Pattern in Lung Cancer Pathology May Predict Cancer Recurrence After Surgery
A new study by thoracic surgeons and pathologists at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center shows that a specific pattern found in the tumor pathology of some lung cancer patients is a strong predictor of recurrence. Knowing that this feature exists in a tumor's pathology could be an important...
Metformin Use Reduces All-Cause and Prostate Cancer–Specific Mortality in Men With Diabetes
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, David Margel, MD, PhD, of University of Toronto, and colleagues examined the effect of duration of antidiabetic medication exposure after prostate cancer diagnosis on all-cause and prostate cancer–specific mortality in men with diabetes....
Dabrafenib Active in BRAF-600E/K Mutant Metastatic Melanoma
In a phase II study (BREAK-2) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Paolo A. Ascierto, MD, of Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, and colleagues assessed the activity of the mutated BRAF kinase inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) in patients with BRAF-V600E/K mutant metastatic...
Vaccine Stirs Immune Activity Against Advanced Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) often receive allogeneic transplants that effectively “reboot” their own immune defenses, which then attack and potentially cure the hard-to-treat disease. However, there is a high rate of relapse in these patients, and the...
Risk for Lymphoma Increases in Celiac Patients With Persistent Villous Atrophy
Although celiac disease is associated with an increased risk of lymphoma, including enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, it was not known whether persistent atrophy of the villi, the fingerlike projections that normally absorb nutrients, contributed to that risk. In a large population-based...
Study Reveals Genes That Drive Glioblastoma
A team of researchers at the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University Medical Center has identified 18 new genes responsible for driving glioblastoma multiforme, the most common—and most aggressive—form of brain cancer in adults. The study was published online...
Long-Term Calcium-Channel Blocker Use for Hypertension Associated With Higher Breast Cancer Risk
Long-term use of a calcium-channel blocker to treat hypertension is associated with higher breast cancer risk, according to a report published by JAMA Internal Medicine. The study assessed the relationships between the major classes of hypertensive agents and risk of the two most common histologic...
Sanford-Burnham Researchers Map a New Metabolic Pathway Involved in Cell Growth
Deciphering the body's complex molecular pathways that lead to disease when they malfunction is highly challenging. Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute now have a more complete picture of one particular pathway that can lead to cancer and diabetes. In a study published in...
Mechanism Offers Promising New Approach for Harnessing the Immune System to Fight Cancer
Scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital have discovered a way to target the immune system to shrink or eliminate tumors in mice without causing autoimmune problems. Researchers also found evidence that the same mechanism may operate in humans. The study was published online today...
No Additional Benefit of Double Endocrine Treatment After Progression on Aromatase Inhibitors in Advanced Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In the SoFEA trial, reported in Lancet Oncology by Stephen R.D. Johnston, PhD, FRCP, of Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, and colleagues, postmenopausal women with advanced hormone receptor–positive breast cancer that progressed on nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors were treated with the...
Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone Delays Progression and Improves Survival in High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, María-Victoria Mateos, MD, PhD, of the Universidad de Salamanca, and colleagues compared induction lenalidomide (Revlimid) plus dexamethasone followed by maintenance lenalidomide with observation in patients with high-risk...
Targeted Therapy Identified for Protein that Protects and Nourishes Cancer
Scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center who identified a protein’s dual role in cancer promotion have discovered a way to shut it down, opening a potential new avenue for cancer treatment. Reporting their findings in the journal Cell, the researchers describe the first ...
Benefit Seen with Both Autologous and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in T-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a report in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sonali M. Smith, MD, of University of Chicago Hospitals, and colleagues analyzed outcomes in a large cohort of autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with the most common T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma histologies. Their ...
Nonsentinel Lymph Node Positivity Appears to be Significant Prognostic Factor in Patients with Melanoma
Nonsentinel lymph node positivity appears to be a significant prognostic factor in patients with stage III melanoma, according to a study by Anna M. Leung, MD, of the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, California, and colleagues. The study was published...
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Reduces Breast Cancer Screening Recall Rate Compared to Mammography Alone
The addition of tomosynthesis to standard digital mammography resulted in a 30% reduction in overall recall rates among women being screened for breast cancer, according to a new study published online in Radiology. The results demonstrate that digital tomosynthesis is an effective tool in reducing ...
Some Women with Abnormal Breast Lesions May Avoid Surgery
Surgery is not always necessary for women with a type of breast tissue abnormality associated with a higher risk of cancer, according to a new study published online in Radiology. Researchers said that periodic imaging and clinical exam are effective in these patients when radiology and pathology...
Researchers Find Link Between Intestinal Bacteria and Lymphoma
Researchers from UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC) have discovered that specific types of bacteria that live in the gut are major contributors to lymphoma. The study, led by Robert H. Schiestl, PhD, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Environmental Health Sciences, and...
Decision Aids Reduce Men's Conflict about PSA Screening, but Don't Change Their Decisions
Men who decide to be screened for prostate cancer and those who forgo PSA screening stick with their decisions after receiving materials explaining the risks and benefits of the test, according to a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine. The study examined both Web-based and printed tools aimed ...
Low-dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer: Details of First Round of Screening in National Lung Screening Trial
The National Lung Screening Trial found that 3 years of annual screening with low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) reduced lung cancer mortality compared with chest radiography in older persons who were heavy smokers. The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial also...
Swedish Initiative Results in Significant Reduction in Inappropriate Prostate Cancer Imaging
A number of initiatives have been implemented to encourage reduction of inappropriate use of imaging to stage incident prostate cancer. Since 2000, the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR) of Sweden has led an effort to decrease national rates of inappropriate prostate cancer imaging by...
Higher Incidence of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Found in Regions with Close Proximity to Benzene Release Sites
The incidence of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is significantly higher in regions near facilities that release the chemical benzene into the environment, according to a new study published early online in Cancer. This and other studies like it will be critical to identifying and enacting public...
No Benefit of Adding Atrasentan to Docetaxel in Advanced Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
The endothelin pathway has a role in bone metastases, which are characteristic of advanced prostate cancer, and the investigational endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan has shown activity in prostate cancer. In the SWOG S0421 trial reported in Lancet Oncology by David I. Quinn, FRACP, of...
Intratumoral IL-12 Injections Shrink Melanoma and Merkel Cell Tumors
Intratumoral injections of plasmid DNA encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12), facilitated in its delivery by electroporation, results in tumor regression in patients with both metastatic melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma, according to findings reported at the 2013 World Cutaneous Malignancies Congress...
FDA Limits Usage of Oral Ketoconazole Due to Potentially Fatal Liver Damage
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced today that oral ketoconazole should not be used as first-line treatment for any fungal infection and should only be used for the treatment of endemic mycoses when alternative antifungal therapies are not available or tolerated. The use of...
