Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD, PhD, on Breast Cancer: Findings From The Women’s Health Initiative 
    		2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
    	
    	
    	
    
        Rowan T. Chlebowski, MD, PhD, of the Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, discusses the long-term influence of using estrogen plus progestin or estrogen alone on breast cancer incidence and mortality (Abstract GS5-00).
    
    
    
    
       
       
    		
		
		
        
		
		
		
		Joseph Sparano, MD, of the Montefiore Medical Center, discusses three challenges: 
- How can gene-expression profiles and other diagnostic tests be used to guide the use of adjuvant systemic therapy? 
- Is it time to reappraise active surveillance? 
- Are there diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that can identify tumors at highest risk of metastasis, and novel therapies that can block the spread of disease?
 	
    
       
       
    		
		
		
        
		
		
		
		Tari A. King, MD, of Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana-Farber/ Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center, discusses retrospective findings from the AURORA U.S. Network on molecular differences between primary tumors and metastases, a better understanding of which may help lead to more effective treatment of metastatic breast cancer (Abstract GS3-08).
			
			
     	
    
       
       
    		
		
		
        
		
		
		
		Luca Gianni, MD, of the Fondazione Michelangelo, discusses findings from the NeoTRIP trial on pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant treatment with or without atezolizumab in triple-negative, early high-risk, and locally advanced breast cancer (Abstract GS3-04).
			
			
     	
    
       
       
    		
		
		
        
		
		
		
		Sara M. Tolaney, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses phase II findings on patients receiving T-DM1 monotherapy as adjuvant treatment for stage I HER2-positive breast cancer, a regimen associated with few recurrences in the study population (Abstract GS1-05).
			
			
     	
    
       
       
    		
		
		
        
		
		
		
		Ivana Sestak, PhD, of Queen Mary University of London and the Centre for Cancer Prevention, discusses study findings that confirm the prognostic ability of the Clinical Treatment Score at 5 years (CTS5) for late distant recurrence, specifically for patients older than 50 years and/or for those deemed to have intermediate- or high-risk hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative, node-negative breast cancer. The CTS5 is less prognostic in women younger than 50 who received 5 years of endocrine therapy alone (Abstract GS4-03).