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Showing 451 - 500The Great Opioid Debate: Treating Cancer Pain Safely
As the number of opioid-related deaths continues to rise in the United States, stakeholders are struggling to make sense of the crisis. At the 2018 Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium, two experts in the field, Charles F. von Gunten, MD, PhD, and Leslie J. Blackhall, MD,...
Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities May Be More Common Than Originally Reported
Immunotherapy has significantly improved the overall survival of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is generally better tolerated than traditional chemotherapies, but the results of a retrospective study suggested that immunotherapy side effects may be more common than initially...
Expert Point of View: Christina I. Tsien, MD
DISCUSSANT OF the NRG-CC001 trial, Christina I. Tsien, MD, Professor of Radiation Oncology at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, underscored the importance of this research, noting that cognitive impairment affects nearly 50% of patients who undergo whole-brain radiation therapy. ...
Hippocampus-Sparing Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Neurocognitive Function in Patients With Brain Metastases
ANALYSIS OF a phase III trial has confirmed that conformal avoidance of the hippocampal dentate gyrus using intensity-modulated radiotherapy during whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases preserves neurocognitive function and improves patient-reported symptom burden while achieving similar...
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy May Improve Outcomes in Some Patients With Oligometastatic Tumors
IN PATIENTS with a controlled primary tumor and up to 5 oligometastatic lesions, delivering stereotactic ablative radiotherapy was associated with a 13-month improvement in overall survival when compared with palliative standard-of-care treatments alone (41 months vs 28 months; P = .09).1...
Expert Point of View: Catherine C. Park, MD, FASTRO
DISCUSSANT OF the abstract, Catherine C. Park, MD, FASTRO, Professor and Chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of California, San Francisco, expressed excitement about this study’s results, which suggest the possibility of curing patients with stage IV disease. “We’re...
Local Consolidative Therapy Associated With Survival Benefit for Some With Oligometastatic NSCLC
FOR A SUBSET of patients with stage IV lung cancer, aggressive treatment may improve overall survival, according to data presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO).1 The results of the phase II study showed that with long-term follow-up, local...
Study Finds Poor Adherence to Guidelines in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Adherence to antiemetic guidelines for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting has been shown to improve patient outcomes. However, a new study suggests that physicians are still struggling to reach attainable adherence targets in antiemetic prophylaxis.1 According to data...
Expert Point of View: Karen M. Mustian, PhD, MS, MPH
Discussant of the ePAL abstract, Karen M. Mustian, PhD, MS, MPH, Professor of Surgery and Director of the PEAK Human Performance Clinical Research Laboratory at the Wilmot Cancer Institute of the University of Rochester Medical Center, emphasized that artificial intelligence is the wave of the...
Artificial Intelligence–Based Smartphone App Decreases Pain and Reduces Inpatient Hospitalizations in Patients With Cancer
A smartphone application utilizing elements of artificial intelligence was associated with improved cancer pain outcomes and a significant reduction in pain-related hospital admissions, according to data presented at the 2018 Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium.1 Results of the...
Modern Clinical Trials: Engaging Stakeholders at the Front Lines of Care
Randomized clinical trials have been providing high-quality evidence for decades, but there are limitations to the traditional design. At the 2018 ASCO Quality Care Symposium, George J. Chang, MD, MS, FACS, FASCRS, discussed the need to modernize clinical trials, so they continue to provide...
Expert Point of View: Richard K. Valicenti, MD, MA, FASTRO
Discussant of the SPPORT trial abstract at the ASTRO Annual Meeting, Richard K. Valicenti, MD, MA, FASTRO, Chair and Professor of Radiation Oncology at the University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, commented that the interim results of this study along with data from other...
Adding Pelvic Node Radiation and Short-Term Hormone Therapy to Salvage Radiation Provides Significant Benefit in Prostate Cancer
For patients with prostate cancer who have persistent or rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after radical prostatectomy, the addition of short-term androgen-deprivation therapy and radiotherapy to the pelvic lymph nodes demonstrated increased rates of freedom from disease progression,...
Expert Point of View: Catherine C. Park, MD, FASTRO
Discussant of the 12-year report from the NRG/RTOG 9804 trial, Catherine C. Park, MD, FASTRO, Professor and Chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of California, San Francisco, underscored the high prevalence of ductal carcinoma in situ, which comprises approximately 20%...
Radiotherapy Reduces Risk of Recurrence by More Than 70% in Some Patients With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery reduced the already-low risk of recurrence by more than 70% in patients with defined “good-risk” breast cancer, according to a long-term clinical trial report presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Radiation Oncology...
End-of-Life Dashboard Drives Transformation With Actionable Personalized Data
A NUMBER OF STUDIES from the palliative care literature have shown that nonbeneficial health-care interventions actually may harm patients’ quality of life, increase patient and caregiver distress, and drive costs. Yet, according to the National Cancer Institute, about 30% of all cancer spending...
Strategies for Using Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Cancer
Although approximately 20% to 30% of patients with cancer will develop venous thromboembolism (VTE), clinicians continue to debate strategies for pharmacologic treatment and prevention.1 At the 2018 Debates and Didactics in Hematology and Oncology Conference, held on Sea Island, Georgia, Christine...
Neuroendocrine Tumors: New Data, New Options
Because neuroendocrine tumors are not one disease but a continuum of diseases, ranging from well-differentiated tumors to poorly differentiated and small cell tumors, treatment approaches can vary greatly. At the 2018 Debates and Didactics in Hematology and Oncology conference, held on Sea Island,...
Expert Point of View: Julie Margenthaler, MD, FACS
JULIE MARGENTHALER, MD, FACS, a breast surgeon at Washington University School of Medicine and American Society of Breast Surgeons Communications Committee Chair, highlighted the importance of exploring clinical endpoints outside of a survival advantage. “While numerous studies have shown the...
Regular Mammograms Linked to Less Aggressive Treatment in Patients With Breast Cancer
A STUDY evaluating the impact of breast cancer screening has shown that the benefits of regular mammograms extend well beyond reduced mortality. According to data presented at the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) 2018 Annual Meeting, women with breast cancer who underwent regular...
Expert Point of View: Sarah Blair, MD
SARAH BLAIR, MD, a breast surgeon at the University of California San Diego, noted that lymphedema remains a significant clinical problem, although the rates of lymphedema are decreasing, as fewer full axillary node dissections are performed. “This study utilizes bioimpedance spectroscopy, a...
Early Detection and Intervention Reduce Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
A NEW STUDY has found that early detection along with a simple intervention can be highly effective in preventing breast cancer–related lymphedema for at-risk women. According to data presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Breast Surgeons,1 82% of women identified at an...
Expert Point of View: Judy C. Boughey, MD
JUDY C. BOUGHEY, MD, a breast surgeon and clinical and translational researcher at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, said the two studies highlight the importance of discussing genetic testing with patients who are diagnosed with breast cancer. “With the advances in panel testing for...
Studies Challenge Relevance of Genetic Testing Guidelines for Breast Cancer
NEW RESEARCH suggests that current genetic testing guidelines for breast cancer are far too restrictive, excluding nearly half of high-risk patients. According to a pair of studies presented at the 2018 American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) Annual Meeting, women with breast cancer who did not ...
Expert Point of View: Carla S. Fisher, MD
CARLA S. FISHER, MD, Associate Professor of Surgery at Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, underscored the importance of these data in informing treatment decisions given the difficult trade-off patients can face. “By analyzing a large group of patients treated in the modern era, ...
Recurrence Rates After Lumpectomy Significantly Improved in Patients Receiving ‘Modern-Era’ Therapy
A STUDY OF local recurrence rates following lumpectomy has shown significant improvement in patients receiving modern, multimodal therapies, suggesting breast-conserving surgery may be an option for more patients with breast cancer, according to data presented at the 2018 American Society of Breast ...
Circulating Tumor DNA May Guide Treatment Intensity in Advanced HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancers
A MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL analysis of circulating tumor DNA extracted from the plasma of patients has shown that human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) DNA is detectable in the majority of cases of favorable-risk HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and may be a clinically useful...
Lower-Dose Radiation in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancers After Induction Chemotherapy
The results of a phase II clinical trial suggest that patients with head and neck cancers associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) may receive significantly lower doses of radiation safely and effectively after response to induction chemotherapy.1 These findings from the OPTIMA study,...
Expert Point of View: Young Jun Kim, MD, PhD
YOUNG JUN KIM, MD, PhD, Co-Leader of the Translational Research and Interventional Oncology Research Program at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, in Nashville, called the research “very important work.” “This is very close to clinical relevance because no special test is required right now,” said...
Intratumor Heterogeneity of Head and Neck Cancers May Have Therapeutic Implications
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY of The Cancer Genome Atlas may have therapy-specific implications for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, according to data presented at the 2018 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancers Symposium.1 This first analysis of the relationship between intratumor...
Panitumumab-Based Contrast Agent May Enhance Head and Neck Cancer Surgery
AN OPTICAL CONTRAST agent composed of panitumumab (Vectibix), a humanized anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody, conjugated to the near-infrared fluorescent dye IRDye800, may aid in the real-time detection and surgical resection of squamous cell carcinoma, according to...
Expert Point of View: Young Jun Kim, MD, PhD
YOUNG JUN KIM, MD, PhD, Co-Leader of the Translational Research and Interventional Oncology Research Program at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center in Nashville, was more guarded in his interpretation of the data, particularly focusing on the lack of clinical improvement in the combination cohort that ...
Phase II Study Shows Durvalumab Active in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer
IN A POPULATION of heavily pretreated patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer and low or negative programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, durvalumab (Imfinzi) monotherapy demonstrated an overall response rate of 9.2%, consistent with that of single-agent programmed...
Expert Point of View: Francis P. Worden, MD
THE MODERATOR of the session, Francis P. Worden, MD, a medical oncologist at the University of Michigan Health System Comprehensive Cancer Center in Ann Arbor, called the study thought-provoking despite its retrospective nature. “The data from this study are thought provoking,” said Dr. Worden....
Delays in Radiation Therapy After Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer Linked to Decreased Survival
DELAYS IN RADIATION THERAPY after surgery for head and neck cancer were associated with decreased survival in a large population of U.S. patients, according to data presented at the 2018 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancers Symposium and reported online recently in JAMA Otolaryngology Head & ...
Expert Point of View: Malcolm K. Brenner, MD, PhD
Discussant for the abstract, Malcolm K. Brenner, MD, PhD, of Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children’s Hospital, underscored the need to make chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy both safer and more effective. He also noted that overcoming antigen loss with multiple CARs is the next...
Trivalent CAR T-Cell Design May Enhance Antitumor Efficacy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
A novel approach to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy seems to effectively target acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells with varying antigen profiles and may help to overcome antigen escape, seen with CD19-targeted therapy. According to data presented at the 2018 ASCO-SITC Clinical...
Expert Point of View: Ravindra Uppaluri, MD, PhD
Discussant of the abstract, Ravindra Uppaluri, MD, PhD, Chief of the Division of Otolaryngology in the Department of Surgery at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Director of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, said this research underscores the complex biology...
Testing for PD-L1 Amplification May Help Predict Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Solid Tumors
Analysis of more than 100,000 patients with cancer for gene CD274 (programmed cell death ligand 1 [PD-L1]) amplification may have implications for treatment with immune checkpoint blockade. Although shown to be rare in solid tumors, copy number alterations in PD-L1 genes were present in more than...
Expert Point of View: Ezra Cohen, MD, PhD
Discussant for the abstract, Ezra Cohen, MD, PhD, of the University of California, San Diego, pointed out that although this subgroup may be responsive to checkpoint inhibition, it may not necessarily be anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) therapy. “There are emerging data suggesting...
Targetable Immune Biology Found in Some Patients With Early-Stage Prostate Cancer
Although immunotherapy has improved outcomes across a growing number of cancers, its success in unselected cases of prostate cancer has been limited. According to data presented at the 2018 ASCO-SITC Clinical Immuno-Oncology Symposium, however, investigators have identified a group of patients with ...
Expert Point of View: Francis P. Worden, MD
The moderator of the session, Francis P. Worden, MD, a medical oncologist at the University of Michigan Health System Comprehensive Cancer Center, in Ann Arbor, highlighted the number of poorly differentiated carcinomas, which is higher than reported in other previous, large studies. “In previous...
Cabozantinib Therapy Shows Activity in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Cabozantinib (Cometriq) has demonstrated significant activity in the first-line setting for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma, according to data from a single-site phase II trial presented at the 2018 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancers Symposium.1 Treatment with...
Expression of Endogenous Retroviruses May Explain Response to Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Renal Cell Cancer
RESULTS OF a new study suggest that expression of endogenous retroviruses may be associated with activation of immune checkpoint pathways in renal cell cancer.1 According to data presented at the 2018 ASCO-SITC Clinical Immuno-Oncology Symposium, abnormal expression of endogenous retroviruses may...
EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Deborah J.L. Wong, MD, PhD
DISCUSSANT FOR THIS abstract, Deborah J.L. Wong, MD, PhD, of the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, highlighted the preclinical rationale, as well as in vitro and in vivo data, supporting the potential benefit of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in...
Combination PARP and PD-1 Inhibition Shows Antitumor Activity in Advanced Malignancies
IN A PHASE I trial of patients with advanced solid tumors, the combination of pamiparib (BGB-290), a selective poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and tislelizumab (BGB-A317), an agent targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor, was well tolerated while demonstrating...
Responses Reported With CAR T-Cell Therapy in High-Risk NHL
LISOCABTAGENE MARALEUCEL (Liso-cel; JCAR017), a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy with defined composition, has shown “potent and durable” responses in poor-prognosis patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a phase I trial.1 According ...
EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Ravindra Uppaluri, MD, PhD
“This is a large, well-done study,” said Ravindra Uppaluri, MD, PhD, Chief of the Division of Otolaryngology in the Department of Surgery at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Director of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, who underscored the small number of...
Combination Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy Appears Safe and Clinically Active in Advanced Solid Tumors
Results from the first and largest prospective trial to determine the safety of multisite ablative stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in combination with anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) immunotherapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda) suggest the combination regimen may improve outcomes...
Expert Point of View: Eduardo Bruera, MD, FAAHPM
Eduardo Bruera, MD, FAAHPM, Medical Director, Department of Supportive Care Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, in Houston, called the dyadic intervention “highly innovative.” “We all talk about movement, exercise, and the importance of physical activity for our patients,...
