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Supriya Chopra, MD, of Tata Memorial Centre, discusses a final analysis of the phase III PARCER trial, which showed that image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy is superior to conventional radiotherapy in reducing bowel toxicity in women with cervical cancer. Acute diarrhea was also reduced, with no difference in disease-related outcomes (ID# 10224).
Lauren Thomaier, MD, of the University of Minnesota, discusses the genetic variants found to be associated with an increase in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy symptoms in a cohort of gynecologic cancer survivors. Combining these variants with clinical characteristics may provide an important treatment tool (ID# 10253).
Emily Hinchcliff, MD, MPH, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses phase II results of durvalumab (anti–PD-L1) and tremelimumab (anti–CTLA-4) administered in combination vs sequentially for the treatment of recurrent platinum-resistant non–clear cell ovarian cancer (ID #10240).
Sandro Pignata, MD, PhD, of the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, discusses results from the ORZORA trial, which showed the efficacy of olaparib in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer is similar, whether they have a germline or somatic BRCA mutation. This information could prove useful for clinical practice (ID #10226).
Alice P. Barr, MD, of the Carolinas Medical Center and Levine Cancer Institute, discusses results from a retrospective study, which showed that progression-free and overall survival appeared to be no different with open surgery and minimally invasive surgery for interval debulking after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Perioperative outcomes also seemed to be superior with minimally invasive surgery (ID #10209).
Treatment with image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) led to reduced late toxicities vs standard three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer, according to data presented by Supriya Chopra, MD, and colleagues during the Society of Gynecologic...
The addition of niraparib maintenance to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with bevacizumab demonstrated clinical benefit in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, according to data from the OVARIO study presented by Melissa M. Hardesty, MD, MPH, during the Society of Gynecologic Oncology...
Charles N. Landen, MD, of the University of Virginia, discusses results from the first clinical trial in ovarian cancer to demonstrate that neither a BRCA1/2 mutation nor a homologous recombination deficiency improves sensitivity to a therapeutic PD-L1 blockade in patients receiving atezolizumab vs placebo combined with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab for newly diagnosed disease (ID #10240).
Hyun C. Chung, MD, of Yonsei Cancer Center and Yonsei University College of Medicine, discusses phase II findings from the KEYNOTE-158 study, which support the use of pembrolizumab for patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer that has progressed on or after chemotherapy and whose tumors express PD-L1.
An intrauterine device, or IUD, that releases the hormone levonorgestrel appears to be an effective treatment for endometrial precancer and early-stage endometrial cancer, according to new study results presented by Andreas Obermair, MD, at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021 Virtual...
Shannon N. Westin, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses phase II results from the ENPAC trial, which showed the combination of enzalutamide, paclitaxel, and carboplatin yielded promising clinical outcomes in chemotherapy-naive advanced or recurrent endometrioid cancer (ID # 10244).
In the 5-year follow-up of the pivotal SOLO-1 trial in women with advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation, maintenance treatment with olaparib led to a doubling in progression-free survival. William H. Bradley, MD, presented these findings at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021...
Ursula A. Matulonis, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses phase III results from the ENGOT-OV16/NOVA study on the long-term safety and efficacy of niraparib as maintenance therapy in patients with platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer with either a BRCA mutation or a tumor with high-grade serous histology. Women in the study have responded to their most recent chemotherapy containing a platinum agent (ID #: 11139).
The PARP (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor niraparib is safe for long-term use and effective as maintenance treatment in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, according to data presented by Ursula A. Matulonis, MD, at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021...
In patients with BRCA-mutated, advanced, relapsed ovarian cancer, treatment with the PARP (poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor rucaparib led to a significant improvement in progression-free survival compared with standard-of-care chemotherapy. These results from the international phase III...
Frailty may be a better predictor of poor surgical outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer than age, according to two studies reported at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Researchers found that frail patients are less likely to undergo...
Morcos N. Nakhla, MS, a second-year student at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, discusses data showing that a higher surgical volume is associated with better outcomes for frail patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancer. Over the 12-year study period, mortality decreased for all women with ovarian cancer, despite a concurrent increase in frail patients (ID #10209).
Brian M. Slomovitz, MD, of Florida International University, describes how emphasizing diversity and shifting away from clinical trials at universities helped The GOG Foundation, Inc., increase patient accrual by 50% in 2020 (ID # 10215).
Edward L. Trimble, MD, MPH, of the National Cancer Institute, discusses the World Health Organization’s global strategy to speed the elimination of cervical cancer through vaccination, screening, treatment, and training for multidisciplinary teams in gynecologic oncology care. This marks the first time that 194 countries have committed to such an effort (ID # 10203).
William H. Bradley, MD, of the Medical College of Wisconsin, discusses results from the SOLO-1 trial on maintenance olaparib after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA mutation. Almost half of the patients treated with olaparib in the study were disease-free at 5 years, vs 20% of those treated with placebo (ID# 10224).
Although some studies show that patients with cancer have a greater risk of health complications from COVID-19, a new study has found that recent chemotherapy or immunotherapy for gynecologic cancer does not raise the risk of hospitalization or death due to COVID-19. The study results were...
Treatment with olaparib is safe and effective for patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer, regardless of the number of prior lines of chemotherapy received and BRCA mutation status, according to data presented from the phase II LIGHT study by Karen A. Cadoo, MD, at the Society of...
In a survey of 250 female gynecologic oncologists, more than half reported experiencing instances of bullying, gender discrimination, or microaggressions. They also reported that having a female department chair provided no buffer against these forms of gender harassment or discrimination in the...
In the first report from the pivotal phase III KEYNOTE-775/Study 309 trial, the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab significantly improved multiple outcomes compared to standard single-agent chemotherapy in patients with advanced, metastatic, or recurrent endometrial cancer that had...
Rebecca S. Kristeleit, MD, PhD, of the University College London and UCL Cancer Institute, discusses efficacy and safety results from the phase III ARIEL4 study, which showed that rucaparib improved progression-free survival vs standard-of-care chemotherapy in patients with BRCA-mutated, platinum-resistant, or platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (ID #10191).
Vicky Makker, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, discusses phase III findings showing that lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab may improve overall and progression-free survival, as well as overall response rate, compared with treatment of physician’s choice for advanced endometrial cancer. These results were achieved regardless of mismatch repair status following platinum-based chemotherapy (ID #10191).
Vaccinating adults aged 26 and older against the human papillomavirus (HPV) may not be cost-effective, according to a new study published by Kim et al in PLOS Medicine. “Our study found that the added health benefit of increasing the vaccination age limit beyond 26 years is minimal, and that the...
In a Chinese phase III trial (SOC-1) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shi et al found that secondary cytoreduction followed by chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs chemotherapy alone in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer. No significant...
Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track designation to a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer as well as Breakthrough Therapy designation to treatments for HRAS-mutant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and previously treated thyroid cancer....
In a new study published by Merritt et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, researchers demonstrated that sex hormones and insulin growth factors may be associated with recurrence risk in patients with endometrial cancer. The findings suggest endocrine-targeted therapies and an...
In the phase III MITO16b/MANGO–OV2/ENGOT–ov17 trial, investigators found that treatment with a carboplatin-based doublet plus bevacizumab beyond disease progression significantly improved progression-free survival vs a carboplatin-based doublet alone in women with platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer...
In a study of germline genetic testing in women diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Allison W. Kurian, MD, MSc, and colleagues found that undertesting persists in patients with ovarian cancer, and that most pathogenic variants are found in 20 breast ...
More than a year since the new coronavirus crisis began, its impact on cancer care has been stark, with “50% of governments (having) cancer services partially or completely disrupted because of the pandemic,” said André Ilbawi, MD, of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Department of...
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet, Lheureux et al found that the addition of the oral Wee1 inhibitor adavosertib to gemcitabine significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory recurrent ovarian cancer. As related by the investigators, the...
New research published by Abdel-Rahman in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network found more than one-third of eligible people miss timely screening tests for colorectal cancer, and at least one-quarter appear to miss timely screening tests for breast and cervical cancers....
Overall cancer death rates in the United States dropped continuously from 1991 through 2018, for a total decrease of 31%, including a 2.4% decline from 2017 to 2018. These findings were reported in the American Cancer Society’s “Cancer Statistics, 2021” article, published by Rebecca L. Siegel, MPH, ...
In a brief report published in The New England Journal of Medicine, Arakawa et al described the identification of lung cancer in two children that likely resulted from transmission of maternal cervical cancer tumor cells during vaginal delivery. As noted by the investigators, the transmission of...
In a post hoc analysis from the ICON8 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Morgan et al found evidence indicating that the evaluation of response to platinum-based neoadjuvant therapy in women with ovarian carcinoma using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1, should...
A research team has quantified the effects of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on the development of cervical cancer. Their results show that the risk of developing cervical cancer is six times higher in women who are infected with HIV, and that women who live in Southern and...
A comprehensive study involving more than 250,000 women showed that oral contraceptive use may be protective against the development of ovarian and endometrial cancers, but the effect on lifetime risk of breast cancer is more limited. The protective effect on ovarian and endometrial cancers was...
In a National Cancer Database analysis reported in JAMA Network Open, Tobias et al found that receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved short-term but not long-term survival vs primary debulking surgery in patients with metastatic endometrial cancer. As stated by the...
In the phase IIb VITAL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rocconi et al found that front-line maintenance with the autologous tumor cell vaccine gemogenovatucel-T did not improve recurrence-free survival vs placebo in patients with stage III/IV ovarian cancer in clinical complete response after ...
Sentinel lymph node biopsy “had similar diagnostic accuracy and prognostic ability as lymphadenectomy in patients with high-grade endometrial cancer at greatest risk for nodal metastases,” according to the SENTOR trial, a prospective cohort study of 156 patients with clinical stage I disease. Using ...
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Youn et al, interim results of a Korean phase II trial indicated activity with the combination of pembrolizumab plus the therapeutic DNA vaccine GX-188E in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16– or HPV-18–positive advanced cervical cancer. GX-188E...
Findings from a subgroup analysis of the phase III PAOLA-1/ENGOT-ov25 study presented by Fujiwara et al at the ESMO Asia Virtual Congress 2020 showed that the addition of olaparib to bevacizumab maintenance following standard platinum-based therapy plus bevacizumab provided a progression-free...
In a study reported in JAMA Network Open, Guo et al found that the proportion of positive BRCA genetic test results markedly declined between 2008 and 2018 among women aged ≥ 65 years in the United States, with the trend likely reflecting what the investigators call a loosening of testing criteria...
Post-hysterectomy image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was superior to three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in reducing the side effects of pelvic radiation while achieving similar tumor control in women with high-risk cervical cancer, according to the final...
In a single-institution phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Zsiros et al found that the combination of pembrolizumab with bevacizumab and oral metronomic cyclophosphamide produced objective response in approximately half of women with recurrent ovarian cancer taking part in the study....
Population-wide screening for genetic variants linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers may be cost-effective in women between the ages of 20 and 35, according to a study published by Guzauskas et al in JAMA Network Open. However, screening for older women was not cost-effective, the...
In a Canadian prospective cohort study (SENTOR) reported in JAMA Surgery, Cusimano et al found that sentinel lymph node biopsy showed “acceptable diagnostic accuracy” compared with lymphadenectomy in detecting nodal metastatic disease in patients with intermediate- and high-grade endometrial...