John L. Cameron, MD, FACS
John L. Cameron, MD, FACS, a surgeon who radically improved the mortality rates of the Whipple procedure, was honored with the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Owen H. Wangensteen Scientific Forum Award at the ACS Clinical Congress 2025 in Chicago. The award recognizes a surgeon who exemplifies excellence in clinical practice, research, and education, mirroring the achievements of the late Owen H. Wangensteen, MD, PhD, FACS, a trailblazing figure in academic surgery.
For decades after the advent of the Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy), approximately one in three patients with pancreatic cancer who received the challenging, complex operation died. But through the research, technical skill, and dedication of Dr. Cameron, the odds drastically changed for these patients, with surgeons now reporting mortality rates with the Whipple procedure of less than 5% and often even lower.
For his contributions to significantly improving outcomes of the Whipple procedure, as well as improvements to hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and the broader field of surgery, Dr. Cameron received the 2025 Wangensteen Scientific Forum Award.
Transformative Clinical Practice and Research
In the mid-1980s, Dr. Cameron was able to intensify his focus on improving pancreatic surgery through reducing morbidity and mortality associated with the Whipple procedure and improving long-term survival. Dr. Cameron personally performed more than 2,000 pancreaticoduodenectomies over 5 decades, which is reportedly more than any other surgeon in the world. At his peak, Dr. Cameron performed 120 to 130 Whipple procedures each year and sometimes up to 5 per week—notable for a lengthy operation that involves multiple organ resections.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Dr. Cameron and his colleagues received continuous grant funding from the National Institutes of Health and other research foundations to study various aspects of pancreatic surgery. He also trained hundreds of surgeons, many of whom went on to become directors of programs, chiefs of service, chairs of departments, and deans of medical schools.
Education and Professional Experience
Born and raised in Michigan, Dr. Cameron obtained his undergraduate degree from Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1958; in 1962, he earned his medical degree at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore. From 1963 to 1965, he was a research surgeon for the U.S. Army at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Silver Spring, Maryland, while additionally completing his training at Johns Hopkins, where he remained for the duration of his career.
In 1971, he was appointed Assistant Professor of Surgery at Johns Hopkins, rising in the ranks to full Professor in 1978, which—at the time—was a record-speed career development trajectory that reflected his clinical achievements, strengths as an educator and mentor, and loyalty and dedication to his trainees.
Dr. Cameron was named Surgeon-in-Chief and Chair of the Department of Surgery at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1984. After 19 years, he stepped down from his role as Surgeon-in-Chief to assume the Alfred Blalock Distinguished Service Professor of Surgery—a position he holds to this day.
A Lasting Legacy
Dr. Cameron has published more than 500 scientific papers, 100 book chapters, and 26 books focusing on gastrointestinal diseases, with a particular focus on those of the pancreas, liver, and biliary tract.
Within the ACS, Dr. Cameron achieved several of its highest roles, serving as ACS President from 2008 to 2009, as well as a member of the Board of Regents and Board of Governors. He also has been a leader in other organizations, including the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Southern Surgical Association, Society of Surgical Chairs, and American Surgical Association.
Legacy of Owen H. Wangensteen
In 1940, dismayed at a culture that then discouraged surgeons from publishing research findings, Dr. Wangensteen founded the Surgical Forum within the ACS to provide a place for early-career surgeons to share their research and ideas. Originally a part of the Clinical Congress, the Surgical Forum evolved into a publication and is now presented as the Owen H. Wangensteen, MD, PhD, FACS, Scientific Forum at the Clinical Congress each year. A lifelong active ACS member, Dr. Wangensteen also served as ACS President (1959–1960). The Wangensteen Surgical Forum Award was created in 1996 in his honor.
