Small-Intestine GIST Treated Surgically Associated With Better Prognosis in Younger Patients
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) arise is the wall of the digestive tract and most often occur in the stomach or small intestine. Though more common in later in life, GISTs can occur in adolescents and young adults (AYA) under 40 years old as well. In an article published by Fero et al in JAMA Surgery, researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine reported findings from the first population-based analysis of AYA patients with GIST.
The retrospective cohort study, using the National Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, looked at patients with recorded diagnoses of GIST between 2001 and 2013, with follow-up through 2015. Of the 5,765 patients with recorded cases of GIST, 392 were between the ages of 13 and 39.
Major Findings
The researchers, headed by senior author Jason Sicklick, MD, Associate Professor of Surgery and surgical oncologist at Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health, found that small-intestine tumors in AYA patients were associated with improved survival compared to stomach tumors.
The opposite is true in older adult patients, according to Katherine Fero, lead author of the study. “Many earlier studies, including one from our group, have shown that stomach GISTs have a better prognosis when we look at all patients with GIST. Thus, there is likely something biologically unique about GISTs in younger people.”
AYA patients are more likely to be treated surgically than older adults (84.7% vs 78.4%), who may have additional confounding health factors. AYA patients whose tumors were managed nonoperatively had a twofold increased risk of death from GIST. In a subset analysis of AYA patients with metastatic GIST, surgical management was also associated with improved survival: 69.5% compared to 53.7% at 5 years after diagnosis.
“The study suggests that in AYA patients, surgical management of their GIST is associated with improved overall and GIST-specific survival, including among patients whose cancer has spread,” concluded Dr. Sicklick.
The content in this post has not been reviewed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Inc. (ASCO®) and does not necessarily reflect the ideas and opinions of ASCO®.
