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ASCO Releases Clinical Practice Guideline on Treatment of Locally Advanced, Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer
As reported by Edward P. Balaban, DO, of Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has released a clinical practice guideline on the treatment of locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer. The recommendations are based on expert panel...
ASCO Releases Clinical Practice Guideline on Treatment of Potentially Curable Pancreatic Cancer
ASCO has released a clinical practice guideline on the treatment of potentially curable pancreatic cancer, as reported by Alok A. Khorana, MD, of Cleveland Clinic, and colleagues, in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The recommendations are based on expert panel systematic review of the literature...
Investigational Drug Abemaciclib Shows Promising Activity Against Several Cancer Types in Early Study
An experimental CDK inhibitor, abemaciclib, yielded encouraging and durable results against several different types of cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, glioblastoma, and melanoma, according to a report published by Patnaik et al in Cancer Discovery. The results of the trial supported ...
Prognostic Impact of Recurrence Score and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer After 5 Years of Tamoxifen
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Wolmark et al, higher 21-gene recurrence score (RS) was strongly predictive of late disease recurrence among patients with high quantitative estrogen-receptor expression (ESR1) receiving tamoxifen for 5 years in two NRG Oncology/NSABP (National...
Study Finds Apparent Benefit of Adding Fosbretabulin to Bevacizumab in Recurrent Ovarian, Tubal, or Peritoneal Carcinoma
Adding the vascular-disrupting agent fosbretabulin to bevacizumab (Avastin) improved outcomes in patients with recurrent ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal carcinoma, according to a randomized phase II NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Monk et...
John D. Hainsworth, MD, on Advanced Solid Tumors: Results From the MyPathway Trial
John D. Hainsworth, MD, of the Sarah Cannon Research Institute, discusses early findings from this umbrella basket study on targeted treatment, outside of current drug indications, for different types of advanced solid tumors (Abstract LBA11511).
ASCO 2016: Liquid Biopsy May Help Guide Treatment Decisions for Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
A large-scale genomic analysis found that patterns of genetic changes detected in blood samples (liquid biopsy) closely mirror those identified in traditional tumor biopsy. With blood samples from more than 15,000 patients and 50 different tumor types, this is one of the largest cancer genomics...
ASCO 2016: Precision Medicine Approach May Expand Therapeutic Options for Patients
Researchers reported encouraging early results from a phase II trial that matches patients with molecular abnormalities in the tumor to corresponding targeted treatments. Twenty-nine of 129 patients with 12 different types of advanced cancers responded to drugs outside of U.S. Food and Drug...
Poorer Adherence to Endocrine Treatment Associated With Poorer Outcome in Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In an analysis of the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chirgwin et al found that poorer adherence to endocrine therapy was associated with poorer disease-free survival in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer ...
FDA Approves New Diagnostic Imaging Agent to Detect Rare Neuroendocrine Tumors
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Netspot, the first kit for the preparation of Ga-68 dotatate injection, a radioactive diagnostic agent for positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging. This radioactive probe will help locate tumors in adult and pediatric patients with...
Retroviral Replicating Vector That Delivers Cytosine Deaminase to Cancer Cells Active in Recurrent Glioblastoma
A phase I study by Cloughesy et al published in Science Translational Medicine investigating the effectiveness of vocimagene amiretrorepvec (Toca 511), an experimental nonlytic, retroviral replicating vector that delivers cytosine deaminase to cancer cells, and an investigational...
Early Lapatinib-Related Rash Associated With Improved Outcome in Breast Cancer
An analysis of the phase III adjuvant ALTTO trial showed that early rash was associated with better clinical outcome with lapatinib (Tykerb) treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, as reported by Sonnenblick et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. It had been previously found that...
Racial Disparities in Early Supportive Medication Use and End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Patients With Stage IV Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Check et al identified disparities in supportive medication use and end-of-life care between black and white Medicare patients with stage IV breast cancer. Study Details The study involved SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End...
Prolonged Survival Reported With First-Line FOLFIRINOX in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
First-line FOLFIRINOX (leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin) is associated with median overall survival of approximately 2 years in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer, according to a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis reported by Suker et al in The Lancet...
Liquid Biopsy–Based Test Appears Comparable to Standard Tissue Testing in Detecting BRAF V600 Mutations
Cell-free (cf) DNA from plasma offers a minimally invasive approach to obtain material for BRAF mutation analysis for diagnostics and response monitoring. A study by Janku et al investigating whether the detection of BRAF V600 mutations in plasma cfDNA from patients with advanced cancers using the...
Study Finds No Benefit of Adding Pictilisib to Fulvestrant in Aromatase Inhibitor–Resistant Breast Cancer
Adding the PI3K inhibitor pictilisib to fulvestrant (Faslodex) did not improve progression-free survival in women with estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative, aromatase inhibitor–resistant advanced breast cancer, according to the phase II FERGI trial reported in The Lancet Oncology...
Physician Recommendation May Influence Racial Disparity in BRCA1/2 Testing in Women With Breast Cancer
A disparity in BRCA1/2 testing between white and black women was influenced by patient-reported physician recommendation, in a population-based study reported by McCarthy et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details The study involved data from 3,016 women (69% white, 31% black) in...
Outcomes With Palbociclib at Altered Dose and Schedule in Liposarcoma
In a single-center phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Dickson et al found that changing the dose and schedule of palbociclib (Ibrance) from those in a previous phase II trial appeared to maintain activity while potentially reducing hematologic adverse effects in patients with advanced...
Adding Bevacizumab to Letrozole Improves Progression-Free Survival but Increases Toxicity in Metastatic Breast Cancer
The addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to first-line endocrine therapy with letrozole improved progression-free survival but increased toxicity among postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer, according to the results of the phase III CALGB 40503/Alliance...
ESTRO 2016: Radiotherapy vs Chemotherapy in a Study of Patients With Early Stage II Testicular Cancer
A large study of testicular cancer patients showed that radiation therapy was more effective than chemotherapy for patients with stage IIa disease (where one or more regional lymph nodes contain cancer cells, but they are less than 2 cm in diameter). These findings, presented at the ESTRO 35...
Study Finds Cancer Mortality Risks From Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter, a mixture of environmental pollutants, was associated with increased risk of mortality for many types of cancer in an elderly Hong Kong population, according to a study published by Wong et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &...
ESTRO 2016: Radiation and L19-IL2 Immunotherapy Combination Shows Activity in Preclinical Models
Radiation therapy not only targets and destroys cancer cells, but also helps to activate the immune system against their future proliferation. However, this immune response is often not strong enough to be able to completely eradicate tumors, and even when it is, its effect is limited to the area...
Relatives of Patients With Carcinoma of Unknown Primary at Increased Risk for This and Other Cancers
Relatives of patients with carcinoma of unknown primary are at increased risk of developing it themselves as well as several other malignant neoplasms, including lung, pancreatic, and colon cancers; non-Hodgkin lymphoma; and myeloma, according to a study published in JAMA Oncology. “Some of...
Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Survivors of Some Adult-Onset Cancers
In a study using managed-care organization data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Armenian et al found that survivors of adult-onset multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung/bronchus cancer, and breast cancer had an increased risk for subsequent cardiovascular disease. Study...
Neoadjuvant Nab-Paclitaxel Improves Pathologic Complete Response Rate vs Solvent-Based Paclitaxel in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In the phase III GeparSepto-GBG 69 trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology by Untch et al, neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane) improved pathologic complete response rate vs conventional solvent-based paclitaxel in women with early-stage breast cancer. Study Details In the open-label trial, 1,206 ...
Survival Differs With Metastatic Site in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Overall survival differed according to the site of metastases in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer, according to a meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Halabi et al. Study Details The study involved data from 8,820 men who received docetaxel chemotherapy in...
Study Finds Apitolisib Less Effective Than Everolimus in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Powles et al, the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor apitolisib was inferior to the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (Afinitor) in progression-free survival in a phase II trial in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma progressing on or after...
Modified CAR T Cells Overcome Immune Suppression, Effective Against Solid Tumors in Preclinical Models
Adding a genetically engineered “switch receptor” to second-generation CAR T cells blocked PD-1–mediated immune suppression, and made the immunotherapy effective against solid tumors in preclinical models, according to a study published by Liu et al in Cancer Research....
Neratinib Improves Invasive Disease–Free Survival After Trastuzumab-Based Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Chan et al found that 1 year of treatment with the HER1, 2, and 4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib improved invasive disease–free survival vs placebo after trastuzumab (Herceptin)-based adjuvant therapy in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer, in the phase III ExteNET...
Poorer Outcome With BRAF and KRAS Mutations in Microsatellite-Stable but Not Microsatellite-Unstable Colon Cancer
In an analysis of the PETACC-8 trial reported by Taieb et al in JAMA Oncology, BRAF V600 and KRAS mutations were associated with shorter disease-free and overall survival in patients with microsatellite-stable colon cancer—but not in those with tumors with microsatellite instability—in...
Ga-68 Dotatate PET/CT Improves Detection of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sadowski et al found that Ga-68 dotatate positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) improved detection of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors compared with 111In-pentetreotide single-photon emission computed...
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Reveals New Genetic Insights Into Malignant Mesothelioma
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare but deadly form of cancer; the 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with the disease is between 5% and 10%. Although aggressive surgery can help some patients with early-stage mesothelioma, current treatments for patients with more advanced mesothelioma are...
Serum Tumor Marker Testing Overused, Especially for Solid Tumors
A retrospective review to evaluate the frequency of serum tumor marker testing “found a high rate of serum tumor marker testing overuse and extreme overuse in patients with advanced solid tumors,” Melissa K. Accordino, MD, of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New...
High Conditional Survival for Patients With Metastatic Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Receiving First-Line Curative Therapy
Two-year conditional overall and disease-free survival were substantially increased in patients surviving and surviving without recurrence for 2 years after first-line curative therapy for metastatic testicular germ cell tumors, according to a study reported by Ko et al in the Journal of Clinical...
Increased Survival and Toxicity With Docetaxel, No Apparent Benefit of Zoledronic Acid in Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by James et al, results of the STAMPEDE trial, which used a multiarm, multistage seamless phase II/III design, showed increased survival and toxicity with docetaxel and little benefit of zoledronic acid when added to first-line long-term hormone therapy in patients with...
American College of Physicians Issues Advice, Raises Questions About Best Practices for Hematuria as a Sign of Cancer
In some patients, blood in the urine, or hematuria, may be the only warning sign of cancer in the urinary tract. A new report from the American College of Physicians’ (ACP) High Value Care Task Force published by Nielsen et al in Annals of Internal Medicine issues advice for physicians on how ...
French Trial Shows Addition of First-Line Bevacizumab to Cisplatin/Pemetrexed Improves Survival in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the French phase III MAPS trial reported in The Lancet, Zalcman et al found that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to standard cisplatin/pemetrexed (Alimta) treatment increased overall and progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed pleural mesothelioma. Vascular endothelial...
Priscilla K. Brastianos, MD, on Genetic Screening of Brain Metastases
Priscilla K. Brastianos, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, discusses genomic characterization of brain metastases and paired primary tumors, which could reveal potential therapeutic targets (Abstract 2905).
Christopher J. Sweeney, MBBS: Testicular Cancer Update
Christopher J. Sweeney, MBBS, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, reviews important presentations on testicular cancer, including dose intensification for first-line therapy of metastatic disease, and what physicians need to know about the molecular genetics of testicular cancer.
Nicholas D. James, BSc, MBBS, PhD, on Urothelial Carcinomas: Year in Review
Nicholas D. James, BSc, MBBS, PhD, of the University of Warwick, gives his expert perspective on treatment advances in urothelial cancers.
Bishoy M. Faltas, MD, on Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Generating a Neoantigen Map
Bishoy M. Faltas, MD, of Weill Cornell Medical College, discusses his team’s work using whole exome sequencing, which may have important implications for selecting patients for immunotherapeutic approaches (Abstract 354).
Dean F. Bajorin, MD, on Rare Urinary Tract Cancers: Expert Perspectives on Treatment
Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, summarizes a panel discussion on this important topic.
Matthew Smith, MD, PhD, on Bone Metastases: Treatment Update
Matthew Smith, MD, PhD, of the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, discusses the best use of approved therapies for tumors that have spread to the bone.
Dung T. Le, MD, on Noncolorectal GI Cancers: Results From a Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab
Dung T. Le, MD, from Johns Hopkins University Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, reports findings on this agent, which showed promising activity in patients with previously treated progressive, advanced cancer (Abstract 195).
American College of Physicians Issues Advice for Evaluating Hematuria as a Marker of Urinary Tract Cancer
Although little controversy exists regarding the indication for urologic evaluation for patients with gross hematuria, the evaluation of patients with the much more common finding of microscopic hematuria is complicated by a lack of clarity regarding indications for clinical referral, according to...
2016 GI Symposium: New Regimen for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer as Effective as, but Less Toxic Than, Chemoradiation
Findings from a Polish phase III study point to an additional treatment option for patients with advanced rectal cancer. Patients who received short-course (5-day) radiation followed by consolidation chemotherapy before surgery achieved outcomes similar to those of patients treated with...
Increased Risk of Carcinoma of Unknown Primary and Other Cancers in Relatives of Patients With This Type of Cancer
In a study from the Utah Cancer Registry reported in JAMA Oncology, Samadder et al found an increased risk of carcinoma of unknown primary and other cancers in relatives of patients with this type of cancer. Study Details The study was a nested case-control study including 4,160 patients with a...
GU Symposium 2016: Regular Aspirin Use May Reduce Risk of Dying From Prostate Cancer
A large observational study has found that men who take aspirin regularly may have a lower risk of dying from prostate cancer. Men who took aspirin regularly after their prostate cancer diagnosis were less likely to die from the disease. However, aspirin did not affect the overall incidence of...
Everolimus Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Lung or Gastrointestinal Tract
In a phase III RADIANT-4 trial reported in The Lancet, Yao et al found that everolimus (Afinitor) and supportive care significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo and supportive care in patients with advanced nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumors of the lung or gastrointestinal tract. ...
Felice Schnoll-Sussman, MD, Named Director of Jay Monahan Center for Gastrointestinal Health at NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell
NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center has appointed Felice Schnoll-Sussman, MD, Director of its Jay Monahan Center for Gastrointestinal Health. Dr. Schnoll-Sussman, has served as the Center’s Director of Research since 2007 and Acting Director since 2012. As Director, Dr....
